Key toxic components and sources affecting oxidative potential of atmospheric particulate matter using interpretable machine learning: Insights from fog episodes

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 465, P. 133175 - 133175

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Graphene and its derivatives for air purification: A mini review

Results in Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 101809 - 101809

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Acceleration of industrialization causes an increase in concentration greenhouse gases (GHGs), particularly CO2, as well particulate matter the air. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies for elimination GHGs. Graphene and its derivatives were reported be excellent candidates CO2 adsorption also removal by air filtration. For fabrication filtration membranes, using graphene/graphene derivatives, they incorporated with certain polymers such polyacrylonitrile made into nanofibrous membranes. Electrospun membranes are characterised high porosity, small pore size connectivity, have been found a promising candidate The review article focuses on two aspects purification, first part discuss use second graphene based electrospun removal. factors influencing efficiency has discussed detail.

Language: Английский

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Key drivers of the oxidative potential of PM2.5 in Beijing in the context of air quality improvement from 2018 to 2022

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 108724 - 108724

Published: May 1, 2024

The mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been continuously decreasing in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. However, health endpoints do not exhibit a linear correlation with PM concentrations. Thus, it is urgent to clarify prior toxicological components further improve air quality. In this study, we analyzed long-term oxidative potential (OP) water-soluble PM2.5, which generally considered more effective assessing hazardous exposure Beijing from 2018 2022 based on dithiothreitol assay and identified crucial drivers OP PM2.5 online monitoring pollutants, receptor model, random forest (RF) model. Our results indicate that dust, traffic, biomass combustion are main sources Beijing. complex interactions dust particles, black carbon, gaseous pollutants (nitrogen dioxide sulfur dioxide) factors driving evolution, particular, leading abnormal rise 2022. data shows higher observed winter spring compared summer autumn. diurnal variation characterized by declining trend 0:00 14:00 an increasing 23:00. spatial was as lower than Shijiazhuang, while Zhenjiang Haikou, primarily influenced distribution carbon. significance identifying key influencing provide new insights for advancing quality improvement efforts focus safeguarding human

Language: Английский

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Annual variation of source contributions to PM10 and oxidative potential in a mountainous area with traffic, biomass burning, cement-plant and biogenic influences

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 108787 - 108787

Published: May 31, 2024

Toxicity of particulate matter (PM) depends on its sources, size and composition. We identified PM10 sources determined their contribution to oxidative potential (OP) as a health proxy for PM exposure in an Alpine valley influenced by cement industry. filter sample chemical analysis equivalent black carbon (eBC) were measured at urban background site from November 2020 2021. Using optimized Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, the source fingerprints contributions determined. The OP assessed through two assays, ascorbic acid (AA) dithiothreitol (DTT), was attributed PMF model with multiple linear regression (MLR) model. Ten factors found site, including biomass burning (34, 40 38% annual PM10, OPAA OPDDT, respectively), traffic (14, 19 7%), nitrate- sulphate-rich (together: 16, 5 8%), aged sea salt (2, 2 0%) mineral dust (10, 12 17%). introduction innovative organic tracers allowed quantification primary secondary biogenic fractions 13, 8 21%). In addition, unusual due local features, chloride-rich factor second dust-rich (named factor) found, contributing together 10, 14 8%. associate these different processes plant. Despite rather low mass, have one highest OPs per µg source. results study provide vital information about influence particular complex environments are thus useful control strategies actions.

Language: Английский

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Fine particulate matter from brick kilns site and roadside in Lahore, Pakistan: Insight into chemical composition, oxidative potential, and health risk assessment

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. e25884 - e25884

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

BackgroundHuman health is seriously threatened by particulate matter (PM) pollution, which a major environmental problem. A better indicator of biological responses to PM exposure than its mass alone the "oxidative potential (OP)," or ability oxidize target molecules. When reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in OP excess antioxidant capacity body due components such metals and organic species, it causes inflammation, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, lipids damage.MethodThe samples fine (PM2.5) collected from brick kiln site roadside Lahore, Pakistan. The carbon (OC) elemental (EC) were estimated analyzer (DRI 2001A) using thermal/optical transmittance (TOT) protocol. water-soluble (WSOC) concentration was determined total (Shimadzu TOC-L CPN). Ion chromatography (Dionex ICS–900) with conductivity detector used analyze anions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−) cations (NH4+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+). Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (iCAP TQ ICP-MS, Thermo Scientific) determine concentrations solution. dithiothreitol (DTT) consumption rate calculated spectrophotometer at wavelength 412 nm.ResultsThe mean PM2.5 reported 509.3 ± 32.3 μg/m3 467.5 24.9 μg/m3, average OC/EC ratio 1.9 0.4 2.1 0.1. primary (POC) contributed more OC secondary (SOC), indicated dominance combustion sources. anion equivalent (AE) cation (CE) that acidic both sites NO3− SO42−. DTT normalized (DTTm) air volume (DTTv) higher contribution ionic PM2.5. Carbonaceous sampling significantly correlated DTTv PM2.5, while metallic behaved differently. incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values (lung cancer) As Cr sites, ILCR value Cd exceeding permissible limits for adults children. daily dose (LADD) children, indicating children less vulnerable metals.ConclusionThe Pakistan' National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) posing local population. POC SOC Lahore 84.6%, 15.4% 84.4%, 15.6%. dominant residence poses lung Cr, As, sites. results this study provide important data evidence further evaluation risks road side Pakistan formulation efficient air-pollution control measures.

Language: Английский

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Physicochemical Properties and Bioreactivity of Sub‐10 μm Geogenic Particles: Comparison of Volcanic Ash and Desert Dust

GeoHealth, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM 10 ) is a well‐established health hazard. There increasing evidence that geogenic (Earth‐derived) particles can induce adverse biological effects upon inhalation, though there high variability in particle bioreactivity associated source and physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigated properties reactivity volcanic ash from the April 2021 eruption La Soufrière volcano, St. Vincent, two desert dust samples: standardized test Arizona aeolian Gobi Desert sampled China. We determined size, morphology, mineralogy, surface texture chemistry sub‐10 material investigate associations between observed bioreactivity. assessed cellular responses (cytotoxic pro‐inflammatory effects) acute exposures (24 hr) monocultures at air‐liquid interface using types cells human airways: BEAS‐2B bronchial epithelial A549 alveolar type II cells. acellular assays, also oxidative potential presence microorganisms. The results showed exhibit intrinsically different textures chemistry, variable mineralogical content. found more bioreactive than freshly erupted dust, which possibly linked microorganisms (bacteria) and/or nanoscale elongated silicate minerals (potentially clay such as illite or vermiculite) on surfaces.

Language: Английский

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Sensitivity of PM10 oxidative potential to aerosol chemical composition at a Mediterranean urban site: ascorbic acid versus dithiothreitol measurements

Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 1165 - 1172

Published: March 13, 2023

The oxidative potential (OP) of PM10 daily samples collected at a traffic site in southeastern Spain during summer and winter was assessed by two acellular assays: the ascorbic acid (AA) dithiothreitol (DTT) methods. Although levels were similar both periods, OP values (expressed nmol min-1 m-3) showed defined seasonal trend. AA activity higher than winter, whereas DTT reactivity exhibited an opposite pattern. Both assays sensitive to different components, as shown results linear correlation analysis. Moreover, relationship between chemical species not same indicating that particle toxicity is associated with sources warm cold seasons. When expressed on mass basis (nmol µg-1), lower coefficients generally obtained compared volume-normalized activities. These outcomes suggest only some specific components have significant intrinsic potential.The online version contains supplementary material available 10.1007/s11869-023-01332-1.

Language: Английский

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Wintertime Diurnal Variation in Absorption Coefficient of Brown Carbon Associated with the Molecular Marker of Levoglucosan

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 4117 - 4117

Published: May 13, 2024

This study investigated the aerosol particle properties and light absorption of brown carbon (BrC) by utilizing a seven-wavelength aethalometer, analyzed NH4+, NO3−, SO42−, K+, K, organic carbon, elemental levoglucosan, mannosan in PM2.5. The research was conducted rural area Jeonnam, South Korea, during winter season. In addition, dithiothreitol assay-oxidative potential normalized to 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (QDTT-OP) throughout period. coefficient found be 2.6 5.6 times higher at 370 nm compared 880 nm, suggesting presence light-absorbing substances addition black (BC) particles. estimated BrC370 29.9% total nm. Furthermore, exhibited strong affinity with levoglucosan while showing weak correlation confirming suitability as tracer for biomass burning. QDTT-OP 5.3 nM m−3, highly correlated carbonaceous components mannosan, relatively high contribution combustion emissions oxidative potential. Further should assess health risks associated future PM2.5 exposure related burning atmosphere.

Language: Английский

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Pollution sources affecting the oxidative potential of fine aerosols in a Portuguese urban-industrial area - an exploratory study

Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2024

Abstract This study targets to determine the oxidative potential (OP) of fine aerosols in an urban-industrial area Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal) and, addition, identify which pollution sources may have impact on OP levels aerosols. For this purpose, thirty samples were selected from a set 128 collected over one year (Dec 2019-Nov 2020), based highest load for each source (both mass and %) previously assessed by apportionment studies (using Positive Matrix Factorisation, total 7 different identified: soil, secondary sulphate, fuel-oil combustion, sea, vehicle non-exhaust, exhaust industry). The associated with water-soluble components PM 2.5 was using dithiothreitol (DTT) method. had mean DTT activity (normalised mass) 12.9 ± 6.6 pmol min − 1 µg , ranging 3.5 31.8 . volume, $${\text{O}\text{P}}_{\text{V}}^{\text{D}\text{T}\text{T}}$$ ) showed significant positive association (R 2 = 0.714). Considering that contributions known, Spearman correlations found between three sources: (ρ 0.647, p -value 0.001), combustion 0.523, 0.012) industry 0.463, 0.018). Using multiple linear regression analysis, these explain 82% variability being most influential source.

Language: Английский

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Health impacts of biomass burning aerosols: Relation to oxidative stress and inflammation

Aerosol Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(10), P. 1093 - 1113

Published: July 24, 2024

Exposure to biomass-burning particulate matter (PM) is associated with various adverse health effects, including respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, cancer, systemic effects. Multiple mechanisms underlying PM toxicity components derived from biomass burning elicit harmful such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inflammation, genotoxicity, tissue-specific damage. Specific compounds or families of present in PM, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) their derivatives, have been identified key contributors the observed Their roles oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell death elucidated organs, lungs, liver, kidneys, brain, providing valuable insights into biological influence biomass-burning-related diseases. Current knowledge impact highlights imperative need for further research understand implications this environmental challenge importance mitigating effects increased exposure pollution protect well-being exposed populations worldwide. This review focuses on crucial stress inflammation mediating triggered by aerosols. It examines aspects health-related impacts emissions, particularly those components. The consequences populations, emphasizing specific biochemical responses, contributions mechanisms, responsible these

Language: Английский

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