Characteristics, Origins, and Atmospheric Processes of Amines in Fine Aerosol Particles in Winter in China

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(14)

Published: July 9, 2023

Abstract Amines affect particle formation, aerosol acidity, nitrogen cycle, and climate change. However, little is known about the temporal spatial differences in composition, source, formation process of amines fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) different regions China. Seven (amine salts) were investigated PM collected Yangtze River Delta (YRD, Shanghai Nanjing), Pearl (PRD, Guangzhou), northern China (Xi'an Haerbin), background (Puding) areas winter 2017–2018. Methylamine was dominant amine species at YRD, China, sites, while diethylamine dominated PRD site; moreover, mass concentration fraction lowest site. These results could be attributed to changes sources atmospheric processes. Further, coal combustion biomass burning found important contributors cities winter. The contribution weakened other urban sites. In contrast, abundance site largely controlled by biogenic sources. Acid‐base chemistry displacement mechanism tightly associated with salts all particular, degradation hydroxyl radical (•OH) significant Nanjing, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Haerbin insignificant photochemical sites can explained differentiated sources, meteorological conditions, •OH levels. Overall, our findings deepen understanding origins processes amines.

Language: Английский

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Spatially coordinated airborne data and complementary products for aerosol, gas, cloud, and meteorological studies: the NASA ACTIVATE dataset

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 3419 - 3472

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Abstract. The NASA Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) produced a unique dataset for research into aerosol–cloud–meteorology interactions, with applications extending from process-based studies to multi-scale model intercomparison and improvement as well remote-sensing algorithm assessments advancements. ACTIVATE used two Langley Research Center aircraft, HU-25 Falcon King Air, conduct systematic spatially coordinated flights over northwest Atlantic Ocean, resulting in 162 joint 17 other single-aircraft between 2020 2022 across all seasons. Data cover 574 592 cumulative hours respectively. conducted profiling at different level legs below, in, just above boundary layer clouds (< 3 km) obtained situ measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles, clouds, atmospheric state parameters. Under cloud-free conditions, similarly within immediately layer. Air (the high-flying aircraft) flew approximately ∼ 9 km remote sensing lidar polarimeter while also launching dropsondes (785 total). Collectively, simultaneous data both aircraft help characterize same vertical column atmosphere. In addition individual instrument files, are combined “merge files” on publicly available archive that created time resolutions interest (e.g., 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 s, or matching an product's start stop times). This paper describes flight strategy, complementary products, access usage details, application notes. accessible through https://doi.org/10.5067/SUBORBITAL/ACTIVATE/DATA001 (ACTIVATE Science Team, 2020).

Language: Английский

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Measurement report: Occurrence of aminiums in PM_2.5 during winter in China – aminium outbreak during polluted episodes and potential constraints

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 10531 - 10542

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Abstract. Amines and aminiums play an important role in particle formation, liquid-phase reactions, climate change have attracted considerable attention over the years. Here, we investigated concentrations compositions of PM2.5 11 Chinese cities during winter, focusing on characteristics polluted days key factors influencing aminium outbreak. Monomethylaminium was dominant species most cities, except Taiyuan Guangzhou, followed by dimethylaminium. Diethylaminium dominated total Guangzhou. Thus, main amine sources Guangzhou were significantly different from those other cities. The (TAs) increased days, while relatively weak outbreaks occurred Xi'an Beijing. Additionally, TAs Beijing insignificantly correlated with major acidic aerosol components, opposite pattern observed nine acid–base chemistry associated formation all Based sensitivity analysis : ammonium ratio to changes, as well excluding effects relative humidity atmospheric oxidation, proposed possibility competitive uptake ammonia versus amines aerosols or displacement (constraining outbreaks). Overall, this study deepens understanding spatiotemporal differences characteristic China. However, particles form relevant require further mechanistic research.

Language: Английский

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Sensitivity of aerosol and cloud properties to coupling strength of marine boundary layer clouds over the northwest Atlantic

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2407 - 2422

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract. Quantifying the degree of coupling between marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds and surface is critical for understanding evolution low explaining vertical distribution aerosols microphysical cloud properties. Previous work has characterized as either coupled or decoupled, but this study rather considers four degrees coupling, ranging from strongly to weakly coupled. We use aircraft data NASA Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) assess aerosol characteristics following regimes, quantified using differences in liquid water potential temperature (θℓ) total mixing ratio (qt) flight near level (∼150 m) directly below bases: strong (Δθℓ≤1.0 K, Δqt≤0.8 g kg−1), moderate with high Δθℓ (Δθℓ>1.0 Δqt Δqt>0.8 weak kg−1). Results show that (i) turbulence greater regime compared regime, former corresponding more homogeneity 550 nm scattering, integrated volume concentration, giant number concentration (Dp>3 µm) coincident increased MBL mixing; (ii) drop during periods due upward velocity subsequent activation particles; (iii) sea salt tracer species (Na+, Cl−, Mg2+, K+) are present concentrations while tracers continental pollution (Ca2+, non-sea-salt (nss) SO42-, NO3-, oxalate, NH4+) higher mass fraction regime. Additionally, pH Cl-:Na+ (a marker chloride depletion) consistently lower There were also two regimes: had turbulent water, along smaller across levels compared. This shows value defining multiple regimes (rather than traditional versus decoupled) demonstrates behavior various regimes.

Language: Английский

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Amino Acid and Amine Compounds in Fine Aerosol Particles: A Review of Determination Methods, Abundances, Origins, and Atmospheric Processes

Aerosol Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sea salt reactivity over the northwest Atlantic: an in-depth look using the airborne ACTIVATE dataset

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 3349 - 3378

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract. Chloride (Cl−) displacement from sea salt particles is an extensively studied phenomenon with implications for human health, visibility, and the global radiation budget. Past works have investigated Cl− depletion over northwest Atlantic (NWA); however, updated, multi-seasonal, geographically expanded account of reactivity region needed. This study uses chemically resolved mass concentrations meteorological data airborne Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) to quantify seasonal, spatial, trends in explore importance quantifying (1) non-sea sources Na+ (2) lost (instead relative amounts displaced). Lost are lowest December–February March, moderate around Bermuda June, highest May (median losses 0.04, 0.66, 1.76 µg m−3, respectively), that high enough potentially accelerate tropospheric oxidation rates. Inorganic acidic species can all December–February, June near but none May, suggesting organic acids may be certain months. Contributions dust not important seasonally cause relevant overestimates smoke plumes. Higher percentages often do correspond larger Cl−, so it highly recommended latter place reactions context their role atmospheric radiative forcing.

Language: Английский

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Spatially-coordinated airborne data and complementary products for aerosol, gas, cloud, and meteorological studies: The NASA ACTIVATE dataset

Published: March 29, 2023

Abstract. The NASA Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) produced a unique dataset for research into aerosol-cloud-meteorology interactions with applications extending from process-based studies to multi-scale model intercomparison and improvement, remote sensing algorithm assessments advancements. ACTIVATE used two Langley Research Center aircraft, HU-25 Falcon King Air, conduct systematic spatially coordinated flights over northwest Atlantic Ocean amounting 162 joint 17 other single-aircraft between 2020 2022 across all seasons. Data cover 574 592 cumulative hours respectively. flew conducted profiling at different level legs below, in, just above boundary layer clouds (< 3 km) obtained in situ measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles, clouds, atmospheric state parameters. In cloud-free conditions, similarly within immediately layer. Air (the high-flyer) approximately ~9 km conducting lidar polarimeter while also launching dropsondes. Collectively, simultaneous data collected both aircraft help characterize same vertical column atmosphere. addition individual instrument files, are combined “merge files” on publicly available archive that created time resolutions interest (e.g., 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 s, or matching an product start stop times). This paper describes flight strategy, complementary products, access usage details, application notes.

Language: Английский

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Sea salt reactivity over the northwest Atlantic: An in-depth look using the airborne ACTIVATE dataset

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Abstract. Chloride (Cl-) displacement from sea salt particles is an extensively studied phenomenon with implications on human health, visibility, and the global radiation budget. Past works have investigated Cl- depletion over northwest Atlantic (NWA), yet updated, multiseasonal, geographically expanded account of reactivity region needed. This study uses chemically resolved mass concentrations meteorological data airborne Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) to quantify seasonal, spatial, trends in explore importance quantifying (1) non-sea sources Na+ (2) lost instead relative amounts displaced. Lost are lowest December–February March, moderate around Bermuda June, highest May (median losses 0.04, 0.66, 1.76 µg m-3, respectively), high enough potentially accelerate tropospheric oxidation rates. Inorganic acidic species can for all December–February, June near Bermuda, none May, suggesting organic acids may be certain months. Contributions dust not important seasonally but cause relevant overestimates smoke plumes. Higher percentages often do correspond larger Cl-, so it highly recommended latter place reactions context their role atmospheric radiative forcing.

Language: Английский

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Rapid iodine oxoacid nucleation enhanced by dimethylamine in broad marine regions

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 5823 - 5835

Published: May 22, 2024

Abstract. Recent experiments have revealed a vital nucleation process of iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous (HIO2) under marine boundary layer conditions. However, HIO3–HIO2 may not effectively drive the observed rapid new particle formation (NPF) in certain coastal regions influenced by urban air masses. Dimethylamine (DMA) is promising basic precursor to enhance considering its strong ability stabilize acidic clusters wide distribution atmosphere, while role remains unrevealed. Hence, method combining quantum chemical calculations Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code (ACDC) simulations was utilized study HIO3–HIO2–DMA process. We found that DMA can preferentially accept proton from HIO3 as most stable configurations clusters. Kinetically, participation cluster pathways iodine oxoacid system could be significant at 10−1 1 pptv level [DMA]. Furthermore, rates polar near sources more than 103-fold. Compared classical mechanism, mechanism exhibits ability, worthy consideration rich amine sources. The newly proposed ternary might provide an explanation for some missing fluxes atmospheric particles.

Language: Английский

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Ocean Emission Pathway and Secondary Formation Mechanism of Aminiums Over the Chinese Marginal Sea

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 127(23)

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Amines/aminiums are recognized for their importance in new particle formation, organic nitrogen cycle, and aerosol forcings. Among the complex sources, ocean origins generation pathways of aminiums less understood. During a cruise campaign over Chinese marginal sea (Bohai Sea), five low‐molecular‐weight were measured. The strong anthropogenic period (terrestrial transport) weak (dust, clean, fog periods) identified based on traceable chemical species, air masses transport patterns, marine chlorophyll‐ . Inconsistent spatiotemporal variations various observed. Monomethylaminium (MMAH + ), dimethylaminium (DMAH ethylaminium (EAH diethylaminium (DEAH ) more enriched during than especially peaked period. significant correlation between four methanesulfonic acid suggested secondary formation pathways. Through further exploring governing factors, acid–base neutralization via aqueous phase processing was as critical process transformation aminiums. In contrast, trimethylaminium (TMAH showed moderate with Na total suspended particles only, suggesting its primary sources enrichment sea‐spray through bubble bursting. Based step‐wise analysis, surface nitrogenous reservoir found dominant contributor to measured Bohai Sea, while role phytoplankton emission limited.

Language: Английский

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