Energy-efficient
urban
development
leads
to
the
compact
design
of
apartments.
Recirculating
ventilation
solutions
are
an
attempt
minimize
space
required
for
ducting,
but
more
data
on
their
performance
needed.
Cooking
is
a
major
source
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
emissions.
It
necessary
assess
how
well
novel
kitchen
solutions,
i.e.
recirculating
hoods,
perform
in
reducing
residents’
exposure
cooking
fumes
compared
established
extracting
and
what
airflow
rates
assure
good
removal
efficiency.
We
have
monitored
occupant
several
VOCs
generated
during
model
meal
under
different
scenarios
purpose-built
test
resembling
layout
modern,
open-space
apartment.
Time-resolved
VOC
emission
profiles
were
measured
using
proton
transfer
reaction
time-of-flight
mass
spectrometer.
The
activated
carbon
sorption-based
filters
hoods
selected
was
also
assessed.
Alcohols,
particularly
ethanol,
dominated
emissions
from
typical
Norwegian
meal,
included
acetaldehyde,
acetone,
carboxylic
acids,
trimethylamine,
among
others.
use
led
to,
average,
higher
after
cooking.
This
part
due
poor
ethanol
efficiency
ventilation’s
air
filters.
ACS ES&T Air,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(7), P. 690 - 703
Published: May 3, 2024
Although
atmospheric
organic
pollutants
have
been
extensively
studied
to
elucidate
summertime
urban
photochemical
air
pollution,
uncertainties
remain
concerning
the
quality
of
wintertime
in
large
northern
North
American
cities.
Here,
we
used
online
mass
spectrometric
measurements
volatile
compounds
(VOCs)
and
aerosol
(OA),
combined
with
positive
matrix
factorization
(PMF),
identify
sources
downtown
Toronto,
Canada
during
February–March
2023.
In
some
cases,
comparable
PMF
factors
were
identified
for
both
VOCs
OA,
such
as
from
traffic,
cooking,
background
oxygenated
sources.
However,
VOC
yielded
additional
information,
a
factor
associated
human-related
emissions
VOCs.
Additionally,
yields
two
traffic
factors:
one
likely
related
gasoline
diesel
use.
Despite
cold
relatively
dark
conditions,
OA
grow
intensity
daytime,
indicative
activity,
whereas
cooking
enhanced
morning
late
evening
due
timing
vehicle
use,
boundary
layer
effects.
This
study
illustrates
benefits
that
arise
parallel
source–receptor
analyses
gases
particles.
IntechOpen eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
In
recent
decades,
the
degradation
of
air
quality
has
become
a
growing
global
concern,
driven
by
rapid
industrialization,
increased
urbanization,
and
emergence
new
health
threats
such
as
COVID-19
pandemic.
This
chapter
explores
evolution
indoor
(IAQ)
critical
issue,
with
focus
on
development
implementation
international
guidelines
standards
that
regulate
key
pollutants,
including
carbon
dioxide
(CO2),
monoxide
(CO),
particulate
matter
(PM10,
PM2.5).
These
apply
to
diverse
environments
hospitals,
office
buildings,
enclosed
transport
cabins,
where
maintaining
healthy
is
vital
for
human
well-being.
A
central
theme
integration
Internet
Things
(IoT)
into
IAQ
monitoring
management
systems.
Specifically,
study
highlights
how
Low-Cost
Sensors
(LCSs)
are
transforming
traditional
enabling
real-time,
continuous
tracking
pollutants.
The
examines
role
IoT-based
technologies
in
enhancing
regulatory
compliance,
improving
practices,
providing
actionable
data
mitigating
pollutant
exposure.
Furthermore,
it
assesses
challenges
opportunities
presented
IoT
adoption
management,
issues
related
sensor
accuracy,
privacy,
long-term
sustainability.
By
analyzing
case
studies
real-world
applications,
this
offers
insights
technological
advancements
shaping
future
management.
findings
underscore
importance
aligning
innovation
evolving
ensure
safer
healthier
environments.
Ultimately,
work
contributes
broader
discourse
smart
networks
can
support
efforts
enhance
both
public
private
spaces.
With
the
upcoming
transition
to
clean
electric
vehicles,
sources
of
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
in
ambient
environment
are
rapidly
changing
and
highly
uncertain.
Here,
through
systematic
characterization
emissions
from
a
typical
apartment
Chinese
megacity
(Shenzhen),
we
show
that
indoor
environments
contribute
significantly
levels
(i.e.,
outdoor)
VOCs.
In
particular,
observe
majority
VOCs
originate
unoccupied
spaces,
demonstrating
temperature-dependent
release
surface
reservoirs.
The
total
indoor-to-outdoor
VOC
emission
rates
varied
53
2300
mg
day–1
(median
230
day–1)
during
periods,
influenced
by
both
air
exchange
rate
temperature.
Reanalysis
literature
data
various
building
studies
worldwide
corroborates
our
findings
reveals
scale
with
room
volume,
an
average
0.33
±
0.03
h–1
m–3.
Our
study
implies
urban
levels,
rivaling
traditional
sources,
e.g.,
power
generation
biomass
burning.
This
is
particularly
true
for
oxygenated
VOCs,
such
as
methanol,
amounting
∼60%
transportation
emissions.
change
understanding
role
contributions
outdoor
quality,
whose
importance
will
increase
controls
on
industrial
intensify.
Building and Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
261, P. 111743 - 111743
Published: June 12, 2024
Energy-efficient
urban
development
leads
to
the
compact
design
of
apartments.
Recirculating
ventilation
solutions
are
an
attempt
minimize
space
required
for
ducting,
but
more
data
on
their
performance
needed.
Cooking
is
a
major
source
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
emissions.
It
necessary
assess
how
well
recirculating
kitchen
hoods
perform
in
reducing
residents'
exposure
cooking
fumes
compared
extracting
hoods,
and
what
airflow
rates
assure
good
removal
efficiency.
We
have
monitored
occupant
several
VOCs
generated
during
model
meal
under
different
scenarios
purpose-built
test
resembling
layout
modern,
open-space
apartment.
Time-resolved
VOC
emission
profiles
were
measured
using
proton
transfer
reaction
time-of-flight
mass
spectrometer.
The
activated
carbon
sorption-based
filters
selected
was
also
assessed.
Alcohols,
particularly
ethanol,
dominated
emissions
from
typical
Norwegian
meal,
they
included
acetaldehyde,
acetone,
carboxylic
acids,
trimethylamine,
among
others.
use
led
to,
average,
higher
after
cooking.
This
part
due
poor
ethanol
efficiency
ventilation's
air
filters.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(41), P. 15546 - 15557
Published: Aug. 30, 2023
Unsaturated
triglycerides
found
in
food
and
skin
oils
are
reactive
ambient
air.
However,
the
chemical
fate
of
such
compounds
has
not
been
well
characterized
genuine
indoor
environments.
Here,
we
monitored
aging
oil
coatings
on
glass
surfaces
over
a
range
environmental
conditions,
using
mass
spectrometry,
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
(NMR),
electron
paramagnetic
(EPR)
techniques.
Upon
room
air
exposure
(up
to
17
ppb
ozone),
characteristic
ozonolysis
products,
secondary
ozonides,
were
observed
near
cooking
area
commercial
kitchen,
along
with
condensed-phase
aldehydes.
In
an
office
setting,
is
also
dominant
degradation
pathway
for
films
exposed
enclosed
spaces
as
drawers,
depleted
flow
makes
lipid
autoxidation
more
favorable
after
induction
period
few
days.
Forming
hydroperoxides
major
primary
this
radical-mediated
peroxidation
behavior
accelerated
by
direct
sunlight,
but
initiation
step
dark
settings
still
unclear.
These
results
accord
radical
measurements,
indicating
that
photooxidation
facilitates
formation
surfaces.
Overall,
many
intermediate
end
products
oxygen
species
(ROS)
may
induce
oxidative
stress
human
bodies.
Given
these
can
be
widely
both
household
surfaces,
their
toxicological
properties
worth
further
attention.
Atmospheric measurement techniques,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(4), P. 1013 - 1038
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Abstract.
Proton-transfer-reaction
mass
spectrometry
(PTR-MS)
using
hydronium
ion
(H3O+)
ionization
is
widely
used
for
the
measurement
of
volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
both
indoors
and
outdoors.
H3O+
ionization,
as
well
associated
chemistry
in
an
ion–molecule
reactor,
known
to
generate
product
distributions
(PIDs)
that
include
other
ions
besides
proton-transfer
product.
We
present
a
method,
gas-chromatography
pre-separation,
quantifying
PIDs
from
PTR-MS
measurements
nearly
100
VOCs
different
functional
types
including
alcohols,
ketones,
aldehydes,
acids,
aromatics,
organohalides,
alkenes.
characterize
instrument
configuration
effects
on
find
reactor
reduced
electric
field
strength
(E/N),
optic
voltage
gradients,
quadrupole
settings
have
strongest
impact
measured
PIDs.
Through
interlaboratory
comparison
calibration
cylinders,
we
characterized
variability
PID
production
same
model
across
seven
participating
laboratories.
Product
was
generally
smaller
(e.g.,
<
20
%)
with
larger
contributions
>
0.30)
but
less
predictable
formed
through
O2+
NO+
reactions.
publicly
available
library
will
be
updated
periodically
user-provided
data
continued
investigation
into
instrument-to-instrument
Environmental Advances,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17, P. 100576 - 100576
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
Cooking
is
a
major
factor
that
affects
the
quality
of
indoor
air
especially
in
kitchens.
It
daily
activity
essential
for
supplying
requisite
energy
and
nutrients
living
through
food
consumption.
Exposure
to
pollutants
from
cooking
with
solid
fuels
domestic
commercial
kitchens
leading
health
risk
developing
nations
like
Ghana.
Real-time
monitoring
gaseous
(CO,
SO2,
NO2)
was
done
during
eight
hours
occupational
different
cookstove
14
Senior
High
Schools
Kumasi
Metropolis,
The
traditional
improved
were
fueled
by
firewood
whereas
briquette
palm
kernel
shell
briquette.
observed
median
concentrations
0.43–39.44
mg
m−3
CO,
0.07–0.36
NO2,
0.19–0.61
SO2.
exceeded
respective
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
thresholds
4
0.025
0.04
SO2
m−3.
index
classified
as
hazardous
human
occupancy.
Hazard
indices
>
1
revealed
likelihood
significant
non-carcinogenic
risks
cooks'
exposure
all
This
study
it
informs
on
large-scale
within
institutional
types
country.
fills
gap
literature
providing
real-time
which
cooks
high
school
country
are
occupationally
exposed.
recommends
urgent
transition
countries
cleaner
energies
types,
alongside
regular
enforcement
guidelines,
safeguard
health.
