Sustainability of self-healing polymers: A holistic perspective towards circularity in polymer networks

Progress in Polymer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 101816 - 101816

Published: March 26, 2024

Permanent polymer networks present an important sustainability challenge. Irreversible covalent crosslinks impart these materials excellent mechanical properties, thermal and chemical resistance, yet also render them difficult to repair recycle. Self-healing mechanisms can extend the lifetime of thermosets elastomers, improving their durability making lifecycle more sustainable. In addition extension, this paper reviews self-healing polymers from a holistic point view. The entire is critically assessed with reference green chemistry principles sustainable development. relation between chemistries aspects each phases are discussed, starting feedstocks, monomer functionalisation synthesis, processing manufacturing as well end-of-life considerations, i.e. recycling or (bio)degradation. review provides toolbox for development thermosets, elastomers composites. It utmost importance consider materials, derived products – by extension any material product. ability often related recyclability should primarily reduce amount new that necessary fulfill societal needs, extending maximizing reprocessing into products. Increasing healing efficiency number cycles improves overall environmental impact relative extended service lifetime. Renewable resources biomass, processes waste streams be first choice create polymers. Finally, biodegradability considered complementary scenario upon accidental loss environment, provided biodegradation does not start under prospected use conditions products, but postponed until contact stimuli in environment.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic crosslinking of thermoplastics via perfluorophenyl nitrene C–H insertion to form recyclable thermosets

Chem, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102479 - 102479

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Covalent adaptable networks from renewable resources: Crosslinked polymers for a sustainable future

Chem, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 2771 - 2816

Published: May 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cardanol-based epoxy vitrimer/carbon fiber composites with integrated mechanical, self-healing, reprocessable, and welding properties and degradability

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 471, P. 144633 - 144633

Published: July 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Molecularly engineered cardanol derived epoxy vitrimers based on dynamic disulfide and dynamic ester exchanges with desirable dynamic response, degradability, and recyclability

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 477, P. 147284 - 147284

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethane with closed-loop recyclability and its potential application

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 475, P. 146398 - 146398

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

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Reprocessible Triketoenamine‐Based Vitrimers with Closed‐Loop Recyclability

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(34)

Published: June 14, 2023

Development of thermosets that can be repeatedly recycled via both chemical route (closed-loop) and thermo-mechanical process is attractive remains an imperative task. In this work, we reported a triketoenamine based dynamic covalent network derived from 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol secondary amines. The resulting does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonds, thus reducing its π-electron delocalization, lowering the stability tautomer structure, enabling feature. By virtue highly reversible bond exchange, novel enables easy construction crosslinked chemically reprocessable networks commercially available monomers. as-made polymer monoliths exhibit high mechanical properties (tensile strength 79.4 MPa Young's modulus 571.4 MPa) undergo monomer-network-monomer (yields up to 90 %) recycling mediated by aqueous solution, with new-generation capable restoring material original state. addition, owing nature, catalyst-free low-temperature reprogrammable adaptable (vitrimer) was achieved. design concept herein applied development other vitrimers repressibility recyclability, sheds light on future sustainable polymers minimal environmental impact.

Language: Английский

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Next‐Generation Vitrimers Design through Theoretical Understanding and Computational Simulations

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5)

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract Vitrimers are an innovative class of polymers that boast a remarkable fusion mechanical and dynamic features, complemented by the added benefit end‐of‐life recyclability. This extraordinary blend properties makes them highly attractive for variety applications, such as automotive sector, soft robotics, aerospace industry. At their core, vitrimer materials consist crosslinked covalent networks have ability to dynamically reorganize in response external factors, including temperature changes, pressure variations, or shifts pH levels. In this review, aim is delve into latest advancements theoretical understanding computational design vitrimers. The review begins offering overview fundamental principles underlie behavior these materials, encompassing structures, behavior, reaction mechanisms. Subsequently, recent progress vitrimers explored, with focus on employment molecular dynamics (MD)/Monte Carlo (MC) simulations density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Last, existing challenges prospective directions field critically analyzed, emphasizing necessity additional advancements, coupled experimental validation.

Language: Английский

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Non-isocyanate Polythiourethane Network from Biowaste: Achieving Circularity via Multidimensional Chemical Recycling with Valuable Small-Molecule Recovery and Reprocessability by Understanding the Dynamic Chemistry

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(2), P. 490 - 502

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

We studied and established the dual nature of non-isocyanate polythiourethane (NIPTU) dynamic chemistry capitalized on our understanding to achieve multidimensional chemical recycling a cross-linked NIPTU, also known as poly(mercapto-thiourethane). This NIPTU includes first demonstration recovery valuable small molecules in addition reprocessability with full cross-link density recovery. In particular, we performed investigation using small-molecule analogues. identified two types chemistry: reversible cyclic thiocarbonate aminolysis, where thiourethane (NITU) groups reversibly dissociate into thiocarbonates amines, trans(thio)carbamoylation, thionourethane linkages within NITU undergo exchange reactions alcohol. synthesized renewable glycerol-based (GNIPTU) high biowaste-derivable content. Capitalizing recovered pure di(thiocarbamate) 94 mol % yield, one highest yields among reported studies polymers. The GNIPTU network exhibited property after reprocessing, providing another effective method recycling. With robust properties, content, capability excellent recovery, reprocessability, exemplifies how low-cost, renewable, polyurethane-like materials can be developed both high-performance characteristics potential contribute meaningfully polymer circularity.

Language: Английский

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Preparation and Properties of a Phosphorus-Free Intrinsic Flame-Retardant and High Thermal Resistant Polybenzoxazine with Good Degradability

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(7), P. 3985 - 3995

Published: April 2, 2024

Polybenzoxazines are a type of thermosetting resin with good thermal resistance. A flame-retardant and degradable polybenzoxazine (ERY-a) was synthesized by special bisphenol containing bridging diacetal structure (ERY) aniline. systematic comparative study conducted between ERY-a A/aniline-type benzoxazine (BA-a). Their chemical structures were confirmed Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The curing behaviors polymerization reactions analyzed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) FTIR Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) thermogravimetric (TGA) used to investigate their properties, the results showed that cured ERY-a, referred as P(ERY-a), exhibited notable glass transition temperature Tg 297 °C char yield 51% under N2 at 800 °C, both which significantly higher than those BA-a. Furthermore, flame retardancy P(ERY-a) ERY-a-based composites assessed through microcalorimetry (MCC) vertical combustion testing. findings highlighted superior low heat release capacity (HRC) due presence structure. More importantly, cross-linked can be degraded in solvent via cleavage structure, optimal degradation conditions systematically studied. Moreover, carbon fiber from composite easily recycled ERY-a.

Language: Английский

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