ChemistrySelect,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(15)
Published: April 15, 2024
Abstract
Fixing
the
greenhouse
gas
CO
2
through
epoxide
helps
to
mitigate
worldwide
ecological
troubles.
The
applications
of
metal‐free
and
solvent‐free
catalysts
remain
a
challenge
for
catalytic
conversion.
In
this
work,
an
array
quaternary
ammonium
salts
derived
from
polyethyleneimine
with
hydroxyl
groups
([PEI‐GDMAB‐C
n
]Br)
were
constructed
by
reaction
branched
PEI
molecular
weight
10000
glycidyl
alkyl
dimethylammonium
bromide.
A
range
experiments
designed
demonstrate
that
[PEI‐GDMAB‐C
]Br
can
be
considered
as
valid
homogeneous
catalyst
‐epoxide
cycloaddition
reaction.
Among
]Br,
18
catalyzed
model
epichlorohydrin
under
optimized
conditions
(T=80
°C,
1.0
atm
,
1
mol%,
ECH
15
mmol,
16
h)
conversion
achieved
at
97.5
%.
Moreover,
exhibited
stable
reusability
broad
substrate
applicability,
which
was
used
in
following
cycle
succinctly,
because
self‐separated
properties
temperature
control.
process
detected
pseudo‐first‐order
after
kinetic
studies
E
calculated
50.65
kJ/mol.
combinatorial
mechanism
hydrogen
bonding
bromide
ions
is
suggested
explain
remarkable
performance
bifunctional
catalyst.
Inorganic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
62(34), P. 13722 - 13730
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
Carbon
dioxide
cycloaddition
into
fine
chemicals
is
prospective
technology
to
solve
energy
crisis
and
environmental
issues.
However,
high
temperature
pressure
are
usually
required
in
the
conventional
reactions
of
CO2
with
epoxides.
Moreover,
metal
active
sites
play
a
vital
role
cycloaddition,
but
it
still
unclear.
Herein,
we
select
isostructural
MOF-919-Cu-Fe
MOF-919-Cu-Al
as
models
promote
performance
clarify
effects
type
on
cycloaddition.
The
exposed
Fe
Cu
Lewis
acid
reaches
over
99.9%
conversion
selectivity
at
room
1
bar
atmosphere,
3.0-
52.6-fold
higher
than
those
Al
(33.8%)
1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic
acid,
Fe,
mixed
system
(1.9%),
respectively.
proposed
mechanism
demonstrated
that
Fe3+
facilitate
ring
opening
epoxide
activation
boost
reaction.
This
work
provides
new
insight
tune
catalytic
MOFs
achieve
for
fixation.
The
preparation
of
methyl-substituted
amines
by
direct
N-methylation
with
CO2/H2
is
an
important
reaction
for
CO2
utilization
and
organic
synthesis.
However,
the
design
construction
effective
stable
non-noble-metal
catalysts
this
remain
challenging.
Here,
a
cheap
non-noble-Cu-based
catalyst
was
prepared
applied
in
N-methylaniline
H2.
5%Cu-ZnO(3.75%)/TiO2
showed
98.8%
yield
initial
TOF
7.7
h–1
after
24
h
under
453
K,
1.5
MPa
CO2,
4.5
H2,
which
superior
to
5%Cu/TiO2,
5%Cu/ZnO,
reported
Cu-based
catalysts.
Furthermore,
can
be
reused
at
least
four
times
various
excellent
selectivity.
characterizations
experimental
results
that
Cu0
active
site,
exhibited
largest
surface
amount,
thereby
contributing
catalytic
performance.
mechanism
H2
proposed
based
on
spectroscopic
studies,
kinetic
control
experiments.
proceeded
HCHO
N-methylformanilide
intermediates,
formation
from
rate-determining
step.
New Journal of Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
A
cobalt
complex
with
a
tetradentate
aminopyridine
ligand
catalyzes
the
cycloaddition
reactions
of
CO
2
and
epoxides,
constituting
single-component,
efficient
solvent-free
system.
Chinese Journal of Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(6), P. 652 - 685
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Comprehensive
Summary
Polyhydroxyurethanes
(PHUs)
have
received
considerable
attention
in
the
last
decade
as
potential
alternatives
to
traditional
phosgene‐based
polyurethanes
(PUs).
The
development
of
suitable
5CC
(five
membered‐ring
cyclic
carbonate)
precursors
bearing
multiple
carbonate
moieties
(multi‐5CCs)
is
a
key
requisite
for
preparing
PHUs
by
polyaddition
reaction
with
bis‐
or
polyamines.
Producing
sustainable
from
CO
2
‐based
five‐membered
carbonates
(5CCs)
obtained
biobased
epoxides
valuable
strategy
bridge
utilization
and
upcycling
renewable
substrates.
In
this
context,
while
many
multi‐5CC
monomers
reported
literature
are
oil‐based,
recent
efforts
led
large
variety
multifunctional
5CCs
that
produced
combination
resources
such
fatty
acids
vegetable
oils,
lignin,
terpenes,
sugars.
work,
crucial
advances
(2019—2023)
on
prepared
multi‐5CCs
(partially/potentially)
substrates
reviewed
respect
their
synthesis,
thermal
mechanical
properties,
recent,
emerging
applications.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(32), P. 21279 - 21287
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Tea
saponin-derived
porous
carbon
bearing
abundant
–OH/–COOH
groups,
N-doping
and
atomically
dispersed
Zn–N
4
sites
is
designed
for
CO
2
fixation
to
cyclic
carbonates.
Synthesis,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
Abstract
Carbon
dioxide
based
degradable
polycarbonate
can
be
obtained
through
the
copolymerization
reaction
of
carbon
with
epoxide
in
presence
a
catalyst.
This
polymer
has
attracted
much
attention
recent
years
owing
to
its
environmentally
friendly
and
sustainable
characteristics,
excellent
material
properties.
Due
unique
properties,
CO2-based
wide
range
applications
many
fields
such
as
electronic
electrical
parts,
automotive
medical
devices,
aerospace
equipment,
power
radiation
protection
products.
Therefore,
numerous
catalytic
systems
have
been
explored
for
CO2/epoxide
process,
which
zinc
catalyst
longest
history
greatest
variety.
In
this
short
review,
significant
advances
catalysts
transformation
CO2
are
demonstrated,
covering
both
heterogeneous
homogeneous
catalysts.
Moreover,
benefits
drawbacks
system
described,
outlook
large-scale
industrial
applicati
ons
future
is
also
represented.
1
Introduction
2
Heterogeneous
Zinc
Catalysts
3
Homogeneous
4
Overview
5
Conclusion
