Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis: An Effective Tool to Characterize Extracellular Vesicles

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(19), P. 4672 - 4672

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles that have attracted much attention for their potential in disease diagnosis and therapy. However, the clinical translation is limited by dosing consistency due to heterogeneity. Among various characterization techniques, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) offers distinct benefits EV characterization. In this review, we will discuss NTA technique with a focus on factors affecting results; then, review two modes of techniques along suitable applications specific areas studies. EVs typically characterized size, size distribution, concentration, protein markers, RNA cargos. The light-scattering mode accurate concentration information solution, which useful comparing isolation methods, storage conditions, secretion conditions. contrast, fluorescent allows differentiating subgroups based markers. success fluorescence heavily relies tags (e.g., types dyes labeling methods). When labeled disease-specific an effective tool detection biological fluids, such as saliva, blood, serum. Finally, limitations future directions

Language: Английский

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Lipophilicity Modulation of Fluorescent Probes for In Situ Imaging of Cellular Microvesicle Dynamics

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Real-time monitoring of dynamic microvesicles (MVs), vesicles associated with living cells, is great significance in deeply understanding their origin, transport, and function. However, specific labeling MVs poses a challenge due to the lack unique biomarkers that differentiate them from other cellular compartments. Here, we present strategy selectively label by evaluating series lipid layer-sensitive cationic indolium-coumarin fluorescent probes (designated as IC-Cn, n ranging 1 18) feature varying aliphatic side chains (CnH2n+1). Through situ cell imaging analysis, found IC-Cn location highly related lipophilicities phospholipid layer hydrophobic microenvironments In detail, IC-C1 IC-C2 specifically localize both inside outside cells. contrast, IC-C3, IC-C4, IC-C5 mitochondria but distinct fluorescence lifetimes. Using these strategically, have discovered that, addition biogenesis plasma membranes damaged mitochondria, newly formed can undergo fusion fission processes. Moreover, mitochondria-derived MVs, beyond being released parent fuse lysosomes facilitate removal dysfunctional mitochondria. The work not only provides new insights into MV physiology also inspires design strategies for used studies.

Language: Английский

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Fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic resonance contrast and radioactive tracer labelling of extracellular vesicles

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(13), P. 6779 - 6829

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review focusses on the significance of fluorescent, phosphorescent labelling and tracking extracellular vesicles (EVs) for unravelling their biology, pathophysiology, potential diagnostic therapeutic uses. Various labeling strategies, such as lipid membrane, surface protein, luminal, nucleic acid, radionuclide, quantum dot labels, metal complex-based stains, are evaluated visualizing characterizing EVs. Direct with fluorescent lipophilic dyes is simple but generally lacks specificity, while protein offers selectivity may affect EV-cell interactions. Luminal acid strategies have own advantages challenges. Each approach has strengths weaknesses, which require a suitable probe technique based research goals, new tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes probes strong phosphorescence, selective staining, stability. Future should prioritize design novel platforms that can significantly enhance efficiency, accuracy, specificity EV labeling, preserving composition functionality. It crucial to reduce false positive signals explore multimodal imaging techniques gain comprehensive insights into

Language: Английский

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Engineered extracellular vesicles: an emerging nanomedicine therapeutic platform

Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Extracellular vesicles have been deemed as potential drug carriers for treatment of various diseases. Recent advances summarized, including the sources, delivery function, extraction and cargo-loading technology extracellular vesicles.

Language: Английский

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Illuminating extracellular vesicles with advanced fluorescence biosensing technologies

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 118228 - 118228

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles as natural nanocarriers: From in vitro engineering to in situ generation in cancer therapy

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 161653 - 161653

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Targeted intervention in obesity-associated atrial fibrosis using nanoparticle-loaded fusion protein

APOPTOSIS, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Imaging and tracking of tumor extracellular vesicles to unravel the progression of ovarian carcinoma using fluorescent membrane probes

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 415, P. 135975 - 135975

Published: May 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Molecular mapping of neuronal architecture using STORM microscopy and new fluorescent probes for SMLM imaging

Neurophotonics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(01)

Published: March 8, 2024

Imaging neuronal architecture has been a recurrent challenge over the years, and localization of synaptic proteins is frequent in neuroscience. To quantitatively detect analyze structure synapses, we recently developed free SODA software to association pre postsynaptic proteins. fully take advantage spatial distribution analysis complex cells, such as neurons, also selected some new dyes for plasma membrane labeling. Using Icy plugin, could both conventional single molecule microscopy, giving access molecular map at nanoscale level. replace those distributions within three-dimensional (3D) shape, used MemBright probes 3D STORM decipher entire shape various dendritic spine types single-molecule resolution We report here example mask, but these tools have broader spectrum interest since they can be whatever or cellular type. Altogether with thus provide perfect toolkit nanometric context.

Language: Английский

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The fluorescence mKate2 labeling as a visualizing system for monitoring small extracellular vesicles

Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized enclosed in a lipid membrane released by nearly all cell types. sEVs have been considered as reliable biomarkers for diagnostics and effective carriers. Despite the clear importance of sEV functionality, research faces challenges imposed small size precise imaging sEVs. Recent advances live high‐resolution microscopy, combined with efficient labeling strategies, enable us to investigate composition behavior EVs within living organisms. Here, modified was generated near infrared fluorescence protein mKate2 using VSVG viral pseudotyping‐based approach monitoring An observed made that mKate2‐tagged can be incorporated into membranes without altering their physical properties. In vivo demonstrates labeled exhibit excellent brightness high photostability, allowing acquisition long‐term investigation comparable those achieved mCherry labeling. Importantly, show low toxicity favorable safety profile. Furthermore, co‐expression rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptide on enables brain‐targeted visualization, suggesting tag does not alter biodistribution Together, study presents an tracker monitor tissue‐targeting vivo.

Language: Английский

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