Advances in marketing, customer relationship management, and e-services book series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 151 - 182
Published: Dec. 13, 2024
Sustainable
marketing
promotes
products
and
services
that
prioritize
environmental
social
responsibility.
in
the
aviation
industry
is
not
just
a
trend
but
necessity
face
of
growing
concerns.
The
industry,
pillar
global
connectivity
economic
progress,
under
increasing
pressure
to
address
its
impact.
challenge
balance
demand
for
air
travel
with
need
reduce
carbon
footprints
degradation.
This
chapter
will
cover
theoretical
foundations,
existing
practices,
methodology
establishing
effective
sustainable
strategies,
thereby
providing
road
map
navigate
complicated
landscape
sustainability.
implications
these
strategies
are
far-reaching,
offering
only
benefits,
also
gains,
goodwill,
revolutionary
impact
on
whole
industry.
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(10), P. 6071 - 6093
Published: May 27, 2024
Abstract.
The
current
best-estimate
of
the
global
annual
mean
radiative
forcing
(RF)
attributable
to
contrail
cirrus
is
thought
be
3
times
larger
than
RF
from
aviation's
cumulative
CO2
emissions.
Here,
we
simulate
for
2019–2021
using
reanalysis
weather
data
and
improved
engine
emission
estimates
along
actual
flight
trajectories
derived
Automatic
Dependent
Surveillance–Broadcast
telemetry.
Our
2019
net
(62.1
mW
m−2)
44
%
lower
best
2018
(111
[33,
189]
m−2,
95
confidence
interval).
Regionally,
largest
over
Europe
(876
USA
(414
m−2),
while
values
East
Asia
(64
China
(62
are
close
average,
because
fewer
flights
in
these
regions
form
persistent
contrails
resulting
cruise
altitudes
limited
ice
supersaturated
subtropics
due
Hadley
Circulation.
Globally,
COVID-19
reduced
distance
flown
2020
(−43
−56
%,
respectively,
relative
2019)
2021
(−31
−49
respectively)
with
significant
regional
variations.
Around
14
all
formed
a
warming
effect,
yet
only
2
caused
80
energy
forcing.
spatiotemporal
patterns
most
strongly
cooling
segments
can
attributed
scheduling,
particle
number
emissions,
tropopause
height,
background
radiation
fields.
sensitive
corrections
applied
humidity
fields,
followed
by
assumptions
on
least
heating
effects
plume
contrail–contrail
overlapping.
Using
this
sensitivity
analysis,
estimate
that
could
range
between
34.8
74.8
m−2.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(24), P. 10548 - 10557
Published: June 10, 2024
Concerns
about
civil
aviation's
air
quality
and
environmental
impacts
have
led
to
recent
regulations
on
nonvolatile
particulate
matter
(nvPM)
mass
number
emissions.
Although
these
do
not
mandate
measuring
particle
size
distribution
(PSD),
understanding
PSDs
is
vital
for
assessing
the
of
aviation
nvPM.
This
study
introduces
a
comprehensive
data
set
detailing
PSD
characteristics
42
engines
across
19
turbofan
types,
ranging
from
unregulated
small
business
jets
regulated
large
commercial
aircraft.
Emission
tests
were
independently
performed
by
using
European
Swiss
reference
nvPM
sampling
measurement
systems
with
parallel
measurements.
The
geometric
mean
diameter
(GMD)
at
engine
exit
strongly
correlated
number-to-mass
ratio
(N/M)
thrust,
varying
7
52
nm.
engine-exit
standard
deviation
ranged
1.7
2.5
(mean
2.05).
proposes
empirical
correlations
predict
GMD
N/M
emissions-certified
engines.
These
predictions
are
expected
be
effective
conventional
rich-burn
might
extended
novel
combustor
technologies
if
additional
become
available.
findings
support
refinement
emission
models
help
in
non-CO
Aerospace,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 121 - 121
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Aviation’s
non-CO2
effects
account
for
approximately
66%
of
the
sector’s
Effective
Radiative
Forcing
(ERF).
However,
emissions
and
their
climate
are
particularly
challenging
to
assess
due
number
variables
involved.
This
research
provides
a
framework
characterizing
full
impact
individual
real-world
flights
in
terms
global
surface
temperature
change
(ΔT)
with
aid
validated
CFM56-7B26/3
engine
model
spatially
temporally
resolved
meteorological
data.
Different
modelling
methods
were
used
evaluate
NOx
soot
relative
differences
between
them
quantified,
while
contrail
formation
was
implemented
quantify
distances
travelled
where
persistent
contrails
formed.
The
ΔT
evaluated
over
77
years
using
Linear
Temperature
Response
Model
(LTR).
results
show
that
NOx-induced
such
as
increase
short-term
ozone
had
highest
on
first
year
emissions,
CO2
more
detrimental
long
term.
Unlike
mid
long-range
examined,
climb
segment
short-range
flight
significant
than
cruise
segment.
sensitivity
studies
different
emission
showed
up
13%
14%
soot.
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 2687 - 2703
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract.
Aviation
emissions
cause
global
changes
in
air
quality
which
have
been
estimated
to
result
∼
58
000
premature
mortalities
per
year,
but
this
number
varies
by
an
order
of
magnitude
between
studies.
The
causes
uncertainty
include
differences
the
assessment
ozone
exposure
impacts
and
how
are
simulated,
as
well
possibility
that
low-resolution
(∼
400
km)
models
may
overestimate
compared
finer-resolution
50
regional
models.
We
use
GEOS-Chem
High-Performance
chemistry-transport
model
at
a
km
resolution,
finer
than
recent
assessments
same
scope,
quantify
aviation
with
single
internally
consistent
approach.
find
2015
resulted
21
200
(95
%
confidence
interval
due
health
response
uncertainty:
19
400–22
900)
particulate
matter
53
100
(36
000–69
exposure.
Compared
prior
estimate
6800
ozone-related
for
2006
our
central
is
increased
5.6
times
updated
epidemiological
data,
includes
effects
during
winter,
1.3
fuel
burn.
fine
(50
resolution
increases
on
both
particulate-matter-related
mortality
further
20
coarse-resolution
(400
simulation,
intermediate
(100
sufficient
capture
98
impacts.
This
part
role
aviation-attributable
ozone,
long-lived
enough
mix
through
Northern
Hemisphere
2.5
much
impact
PM2.5.
work
shows
civil
dominated
hemisphere-scale
tropospheric
NOx
rather
local
simulations
provide
similar
results
those
2
spatial
scale.
However,
overall
quantification
sensitive
assumptions
regarding
human
exposure,
additional
research
needed
reduce
physical
atmosphere
emissions.
Abstract
Commercial
aviation’s
contribution
to
climate
change
is
growing,
but
the
global
role
of
private
aviation
not
well
quantified.
Here
we
calculate
sector’s
CO
2
emissions,
using
flight
tracker
data
from
ADS-B
Exchange
platform
for
period
2019
2023.
Flight
times
25,993
aircraft
and
18,655,789
individual
flights
in
2019-2023
are
linked
72
models
their
average
fuel
consumption.
We
find
that
contributed
at
least
15.6
Mt
direct
emissions
2023,
or
about
3.6
t
per
flight.
Almost
half
all
(47.4%)
shorter
than
500
km.
Private
concentrated
USA,
where
68.7%
registered.
pattern
analysis
confirms
extensive
travel
leisure
purposes,
cultural
political
events.
Emissions
increased
by
46%
between
2019-2023,
with
industry
expectations
continued
strong
growth.
Regulation
needed
address
growing
impact.
