Chiral
α-amino
nitriles,
derived
from
their
canonical
acids,
can
be
attached
to
the
peptide
C-terminus
and
undergo
biocompatible
cyclisation
with
an
N-terminal
cysteine
residue,
yielding
macrocyclic
thiazole
peptides
after
mild
oxidation.
Communications Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: June 27, 2024
Abstract
Genetically
encoded
libraries
play
a
crucial
role
in
discovering
structurally
rigid,
high-affinity
macrocyclic
peptide
ligands
for
therapeutic
applications.
Bicyclic
peptides
with
metal
centres
like
bismuth
were
recently
developed
as
new
type
of
constrained
notable
affinity,
stability
and
membrane
permeability.
This
study
represents
the
genetic
encoding
peptide-bismuth
peptide-arsenic
bicycles
phage
display.
We
introduce
tripotassium
dicitrate
(gastrodenol)
water-soluble
bismuth(III)
reagent
library
modification
situ
bicyclic
preparation,
eliminating
need
organic
co-solvents.
Additionally,
we
explore
arsenic(III)
an
alternative
thiophilic
element
that
is
used
analogously
to
our
previously
introduced
core.
The
these
elements
instantaneous
entirely
biocompatible,
offering
advantage
over
conventional
alkylation-based
methods.
In
pilot
display
screening
campaign
aimed
at
identifying
biotin-binding
protein
streptavidin,
demonstrate
enrichment
dissociation
constants
two
orders
magnitude
lower
than
those
their
linear
counterparts,
underscoring
impact
structural
constraint
on
binding
affinity.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(21), P. 12213 - 12241
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Technological
advances
and
breakthrough
developments
in
the
pharmaceutical
field
are
knocking
at
door
of
"undruggable"
fortress
with
increasing
insistence.
Notably,
21st
century
has
seen
emergence
macrocyclic
compounds,
among
which
cyclic
peptides
particular
interest.
This
new
class
potential
drug
candidates
occupies
vast
chemical
space
between
classic
small-molecule
drugs
larger
protein-based
therapeutics,
such
as
antibodies.
As
research
toward
clinical
targets
that
have
long
been
considered
inaccessible,
well-suited
to
tackle
these
challenges
a
post-rule
5
landscape.
Facilitating
their
discovery
is
an
arsenal
high-throughput
screening
methods
exploit
massive
randomized
libraries
genetically
encoded
compounds.
These
techniques
benefit
from
incorporation
non-natural
moieties,
non-
proteinogenic
amino
acids
or
stabilizing
hydrocarbon
staples.
Exploiting
features
for
strategic
architectural
design
challenging
protein–protein
interactions,
resisted
efforts.
Review
summarizes
basic
principles
recent
main
focuses
on
specific
deployment
targeting
undruggable
space.
A
focus
placed
development
guidelines
cyclization
structural
stabilization
resulting
success
stories
achieved
against
well-known
inaccessible
targets.
Expanding
the
chemical
and
structural
complexity
of
genetically
encoded
peptides
remains
a
challenge
in
peptide
therapeutics
discovery.
Here
we
report
that
linear
with
reactive
β-
or
γ-keto
amide
at
their
N-termini
can
be
synthesized
ribosomally
using
vitro
translation
methods.
We
show
carrying
an
N-terminal
β-keto
converted
into
diverse
heterocyclic
quinoline-peptide
hybrids
via
Friedländer
reactions
variety
2-aminoarylcarbonyl
co-substrates.
Reactions
appropriately
substituted
2-aminobenzophenones
generated
stable
biaryl
atropisomeric
axes.
In
vitro-translated
both
internal
2-aminoacetophenone
motif
undergo
intramolecular
macrocyclization
embed
quinoline
pharmacophore
directly
within
macrocyclic
backbone.
The
introduction
ketide
building
blocks
materials
post-translational
derivatization
carbonyl
chemistry
simultaneously
expands
diversity
provides
paradigm
for
programmed
synthesis
peptide-derived
more
closely
resemble
complex
natural
products.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
31(8)
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Abstract
Constrained
peptides
possess
excellent
properties
for
identifying
lead
compounds
in
drug
discovery.
While
it
has
become
increasingly
straightforward
to
discover
selective
high‐affinity
peptide
ligands,
especially
through
genetically
encoded
libraries,
their
stability
and
bioavailability
remain
significant
challenges.
By
integrating
macrocyclization
chemistry
with
bismuth
binding,
we
generated
series
of
linear,
cyclic,
bicyclic,
tricyclic
identical
sequences.
Utilizing
rigidify
the
structure
allows
a
better
comparison
different
constraint
levels,
reducing
confounding
effects
interactions
often
seen
hydrophobic
stapling
reagents.
Our
study
facilitated
identification
peptide–bismuth
tricycle
that
fully
withstands
cellular
levels
glutathione,
acts
as
nanomolar
protease
inhibitor
without
being
proteolytically
digested
by
its
target,
is
stable
human
plasma.
Importantly,
this
multicyclic
does
not
any
non‐canonical
amino
acid
modifications.
Using
oxime
ligation,
conjugated
an
analogue
N‐terminus
two
nanobodies
demonstrate
potential
applications
targeted
therapy.
Materials Advances,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Cyclic
peptides
targeting
Bax
were
designed
and
evaluated
via
MD
simulations.
The
bind
with
high
affinity,
potentially
modulating
its
apoptotic
function.
This
approach
offers
a
foundation
for
peptide-based
therapeutics.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(7), P. 3117 - 3117
Published: March 28, 2025
Protein-protein
interactions
(PPIs)
form
an
intricate
cellular
network
known
as
the
interactome,
which
is
essential
for
various
processes,
such
gene
regulation,
signal
transduction,
and
metabolic
pathways.
The
dysregulation
of
this
has
been
closely
linked
to
disease
states.
In
cancer,
these
aberrant
PPIs,
termed
oncogenic
PPIs
(OncoPPIs),
are
involved
in
tumour
formation
proliferation.
Therefore,
inhibition
OncoPPIs
becomes
a
strategy
targeted
cancer
therapy.
Small
molecule
inhibitors
have
dominant
PPI
owing
their
small
size
ability
cross
cell
membranes.
However,
peptide-based
emerged
compelling
alternatives,
offering
distinct
advantages
over
inhibitors.
Peptides,
with
larger
flexible
backbones,
can
effectively
engage
broad
interfaces
PPIs.
Their
high
specificity,
lower
toxicity,
ease
modification
make
them
promising
candidates
Over
past
decade,
significant
advancements
made
developing
This
review
discusses
critical
aspects
targeting
emphasizes
significance
therapy,
explores
using
therapeutic
agents.
It
also
highlights
recent
progress
peptide
design
aimed
at
overcoming
limitations
therapeutics,
comprehensive
overview
current
landscape
potential
treatment.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(38)
Published: May 6, 2024
Macrocyclic
peptides
containing
a
thiazole
or
thiazoline
in
the
backbone
are
considered
privileged
structures
both
natural
compounds
and
drug
discovery,
owing
to
their
enhanced
bioactivity,
stability,
permeability.
Here,
we
present
biocompatible
synthesis
of
macrocyclic
from
N-terminal
cysteine
C-terminal
nitrile.
While
is
incorporated
during
solid-phase
peptide
synthesis,
nitrile
introduced
cleavage
with
aminoacetonitrile,
utilizing
cleavable
benzotriazole
linker.
This
method
directly
yields
fully
functionalized
linear
precursor.
The
cyclization
reaction
occurs
buffer
at
physiological
pH
room
temperature.
resulting
heterocycle
remains
stable
but
hydrolyzes
under
acidic
conditions.
such
hydrolysis
enables
access
complete
amide
backbone,
mild
oxidation
leads
peptide.
conventional
strategies
involve
metals,
developed
protocol
simply
relying
on
alkaline
salt
air.
Therefore,
offer
rapid
metal-free
pathway
peptides,
featuring
key
step.
Chemical Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(25), P. 9649 - 9656
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
We
report
a
sortase-based
macrocyclization
strategy
in
which
low-reactive
electrophiles
are
introduced
into
the
SrtA
recognition
sequence
(LPXTG)
to
enable
construction
of
phage-displayed
peptide
macrocycle
libraries
for
ligand
discovery.