Biocarbon graphenization processes and energy assessment. A review

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 496, P. 153795 - 153795

Published: July 6, 2024

Reducing energy consumption and environmental impact in the graphenic material production is of foremost importance. While using lignocellulosic biomass gaining momentum, processing such a non-graphitizable resource consuming as it requires thermal treatment above 2000 °C. Three alternative carbonization routes are analyzed: catalytic, hydrothermal pre-treatment solar. We discuss sustainability biocarbon compared to conventional high temperature carbonization. The mechanisms graphenization unveiled variety characterization methods from macroscopic nanoscopic scale. In catalytic graphenization, showed that metal carbides play crucial role intermediate phases mechanism. Solar-driven pyrolysis focused intense radiative flux resulting an improve growth flattening graphene layers biocarbon. For each process considered, operating conditions can finely be tuned control degree, successfully convert into This review provides new insights on relation assessment. calcium-doped we estimate saving 22 % when working at 1600 °C raw attributed formation calcium carbide around 1300 Hydrothermal carbon pre-structuration which could save up 85 input by lowering 1200 °C, while solar consumes half one. drastically reduces production.

Language: Английский

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Sucrose‐Based Dense, Pure, and Highly‐Crystalline Graphitic Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 31, 2024

Abstract At present, most synthetic graphite materials commonly used as anode active ingredients in lithium‐ion cells are produced by graphitization of petroleum cokes. The carbon footprint associated with production is significant. Thus, bio‐derived and cheap precursors, such saccharides, would be an attractive alternative for the sustainable graphitic carbons. However, they non‐graphitizing at temperatures high 3000 °C, preserving curved, fullerene‐like structure graphene layers microporosity. Consequently, many lithium ions consumed during formation solid electrolyte interphase films passivated nanovoids. Here, a method pure, crystalline, based on sucrose disposed microporosity presented, which also works variety saccharides other organic precursors hard carbons—generally considered incapable transformation. This process employs catalytic Si particles temperatures. electrochemical response derived sucrose‐based Li‐ion half‐cells demonstrated its feasibility to serve material rechargeable batteries.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Salt Variability on the Low-Temperature Metal-Catalyzed Graphitization of PAN/DMSO Solutions for the Synthesis of Nanostructured Graphitic Carbon

Inorganics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 212 - 212

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Graphitic carbon plays a pivotal role in numerous technological applications, including energy storage, conversion, and different fields of material science. The transformation amorphous into graphitic carbon, process known as graphitization, is important for optimizing the properties materials. In this study, we explore catalytic graphitization polyacrylonitrile (PANs) using various metal salts (LiNO3, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O). We prepared dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions PAN with salt concentrations 5, 10, 15 wt.%. salt-mixed PAN/DMSO were dried at 45 °C was followed by carbonization processes 950 °C, heating rate 1 min−1 h under an N2 atmosphere. resulting characterized to determine influence type concentration on degree graphitization. Our findings provide valuable insights PAN-derived carbon’s structural compositional properties. This work underscores process, offering pathway design facile cost-effective

Language: Английский

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Harnessing biomass derived carbon material with heteroatoms for sensitive and selective detection of mercury (II) ions in waste water

Microchemical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111767 - 111767

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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