Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Blood Cells In Vitro and Cardiovascular Parameters In Vivo, Considering Their Presence in the Human Bloodstream and Potential Impact on Blood Pressure

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 273, P. 121254 - 121254

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The adverse effects of plastics on the environment, wildlife, and human health have been extensively studied, yet their production remains unavoidable due to lack viable alternatives. Environmental fragmentation larger plastic particles generates microplastics (MPs, 0.1-5000 μm) nanoplastics (NPs, 1-100 nm), which can enter bloodstream through inhalation or ingestion. This review examines whether MPs NPs influence blood pressure. To address this question, relevant studies were analyzed based predefined criteria. Due anatomical barriers microcirculatory dynamics, only small are expected under physiological conditions, although pathological states may alter this. In vitro research indicates that negatively affect erythrocytes endothelial cells, while rodent models suggest potential cardiovascular effects. Plastic fibers detected in blood, thrombi, atherosclerotic plaques, various tissues. However, validated data particle-related pressure changes remain lacking. Despite limitations applicability physiology, preclinical circulate bloodstream, interact with contribute vascular damage. Mechanisms such as injury, platelet activation, inflammation, MPs/NPs accumulation plaques elevation but unlikely be exclusive cause hypertension. Further is needed clarify role regulation. Standardized detection methods, real-world scenario-related models, targeted essential assessing risks associated MP NP exposure.

Language: Английский

Interaction of Polystyrene Nanoplastics with Biomolecules and Environmental Pollutants: Effects on Human Hepatocytes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2899 - 2899

Published: March 22, 2025

The inevitable exposure of humans to micro/nanoplastics has become a pressing global environmental issue, with growing concerns regarding their impact on health. While the direct effects human health remain largely unknown, increasing attention is being given potential role as carriers pollutants and organic substances. This study investigates toxicity 500 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) hepatocytes (HepG2) in vitro, both alone combination cadmium (Cd), hazardous heavy metal prevalent pollutant. One-hour 100 µg/mL NPs causes significant increase ROS production (+25% compared control) but cell viability remains unaffected even at concentrations much higher than levels. Interestingly, significantly reduce Cd cytotoxicity LC50 (cell control: 55.4% for 50 µM Cd, 66.9% + 10 NPs, 68.4% NPs). Additionally, do not alter cellular lipid content after short-term (24 h). However, when fatty acids are added medium, appear sequester acids, reducing availability impairing uptake by cells dose-dependent manner. We confirmed Dynamic Light Scattering Scanning Electron Microscopy interaction between free acids. Although exhibited minimal our experimental model, collectively findings suggest that predicting extremely challenging, due specific components biological matrix.

Language: Английский