Toward Circular Polymer Materials and Manufacturing: Dynamic Bonding Strategies for Upcycling Thermoplastics and Thermosets DOI

Leila Shahriari,

Sungjin Kim

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Abstract The global production of plastics has reached unprecedented levels, with <10% being recycled and even fewer more than once. This lack circularity poses critical environmental threats. However, upcycling—recycling materials while improving their properties functionality—through dynamic bonding strategies offers a promising approach to enhancing polymer sustainability. Dynamic bonds enable polymeric structures reconfigure under specific conditions, thermal, chemical, mechanical resilience controllability facilitating recyclability. review specifically takes the viewpoint upcycling existing thermoplastics thermosets develop sustainable covalent networks (DCNs). Integrating these DCN into design additive manufacturing (AM) feedstocks creates unique benefits compared traditional systems. is briefly highlighted in extrusion‐based light‐based AM, assessing potential for improved material processability, recyclability, creation high‐value customized products. combination technologies AM techniques presents significant opportunity advance sustainability macromolecular science.

Language: Английский

Current State-of-the-Art and Perspectives in the Design and Application of Vitrimeric Systems DOI Creative Commons
Diego Pugliese, Giulio Malucelli

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(3), P. 569 - 569

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

To fulfill the current circular economy concept, academic and industrial communities are devoting significant efforts to plastic materials’ end-of-life. Unlike thermoplastics, which easy recover re-valorize, recycling thermosets is still difficult challenging. Conversely, because of their network structure, thermosetting polymer systems exhibit peculiar features that make these materials preferable for several applications where high mechanical properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, among others, demanded. In this view, vitrimers have quite recently attracted attention scientific community, as they can form dynamic covalent adaptive networks provide properties typical while keeping possibility being processed (and, therefore, mechanically recycled) beyond a certain temperature. This review aims an overview vitrimers, elucidating most recent advances posing some perspectives forthcoming years.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Qualification of the Vitrimeric Matrices in Industrial-Scale Wet Filament Winding Processes for Type-4 Pressure Vessels DOI Open Access
Jonathan Alms, Anna Katharina Sambale, J. Fuchs

et al.

Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1146 - 1146

Published: April 23, 2025

The production of fibre-reinforced composites for use in applications such as type-4 pressure vessels hydrogen storage is achieved through the a thermoset matrix. However, recycling thermosets presents significant challenge due to lack established methods. Epoxy-based vitrimers show characteristics during manufacturing and utilisation phases but exhibit thermoplastic behaviour at elevated temperatures 190 °C. This study investigates industrial-scale carbon fibre reinforced via wet filament winding, exemplified by vessel demonstrator. Processing conditions industrial processes have yet be applied vitrimers; therefore, two vitrimer formulations are compared conventional epoxy thermoset. processability resulting composite quality wound using these materials matrices compared. mechanical properties an interlaminar shear strength test, demonstrating that vitrimeric 19.8% (23 °C) 49.2% (140 improved strength. Consequently, epoxy-based investigated this can employed direct replacement matrix applications, with potential composite. To increase qualities, winding process must adapted vitrimers, since pore free could not achieved.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Toward Circular Polymer Materials and Manufacturing: Dynamic Bonding Strategies for Upcycling Thermoplastics and Thermosets DOI

Leila Shahriari,

Sungjin Kim

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Abstract The global production of plastics has reached unprecedented levels, with <10% being recycled and even fewer more than once. This lack circularity poses critical environmental threats. However, upcycling—recycling materials while improving their properties functionality—through dynamic bonding strategies offers a promising approach to enhancing polymer sustainability. Dynamic bonds enable polymeric structures reconfigure under specific conditions, thermal, chemical, mechanical resilience controllability facilitating recyclability. review specifically takes the viewpoint upcycling existing thermoplastics thermosets develop sustainable covalent networks (DCNs). Integrating these DCN into design additive manufacturing (AM) feedstocks creates unique benefits compared traditional systems. is briefly highlighted in extrusion‐based light‐based AM, assessing potential for improved material processability, recyclability, creation high‐value customized products. combination technologies AM techniques presents significant opportunity advance sustainability macromolecular science.

Language: Английский

Citations

0