Long‐term Durability of Seawater Electrolysis for Hydrogen: From Catalysts to Systems

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(47)

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract Direct electrochemical seawater splitting is a renewable, scalable, and potentially economic approach for green hydrogen production in environments where ultra‐pure water not readily available. However, issues related to low durability caused by complex ions pose great challenges its industrialization. In this review, mechanistic analysis of electrolytic discussed. We critically analyze the development electrolysis identify at both anode cathode. Particular emphasis given elucidating rational strategies designing electrocatalysts/electrodes/interfaces with long lifetimes realistic including inducing passivating anion layers, preferential OH − adsorption, employing anti‐corrosion materials, fabricating protective immobilizing Cl on surface electrocatalysts, tailoring adsorption sites, inhibition binding Mg 2+ Ca , hydroxide precipitation adherence, co‐electrosynthesis nano‐sized hydroxides. Synthesis methods electrocatalysts/electrodes innovations electrolyzer are also Furthermore, prospects developing technologies clean generation summarized. found that researchers have rethought role ions, as well more attention cathodic reaction electrolyzers, which conducive accelerate commercialization electrolysis.

Language: Английский

---

4d-Metal Ion Ru³⁺-Incorporation in Prussian Blue Analogue-Derived Anodic NiFe(O)OH and Cathodic NiFe(OH)₂ Nanosheets Promotes Electrochemical Seawater Splitting

ACS Applied Nano Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(13), P. 15754 - 15762

Published: July 3, 2024

Electrochemical seawater splitting is a potential approach to producing H2 and O2. As contains different cations anions, the direct electrochemical of suffers from various challenges like chlorine evolution, corrosion electrodes, poor stability for catalysts. Herein, we have demonstrated incorporation 4d-metal ion Ru3+ in Prussian blue analogue-derived Ru–NiFe(O)OH (at anode) Ru–NiFe(OH)2 cathode) nanosheets splitting. The introduction into active catalysts modulated electronic structure improve cell voltage, reaction kinetics, In real seawater, anodically reconstructed reached 50 mA cm–2 current density at 260 mV overpotential oxygen while cathode attained −50 hydrogen evolution only an 83 overpotential. coupling as anode cathode, respectively, produced voltage 1.58 V overall splitting, outperforming RuO2∥Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, 100 h was also achieved

Language: Английский

---

Surface S-Doped Nanostructured RuO₂ and Its Anion Passivating Effect for Efficient Overall Seawater Splitting

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen (H2) production to harvest clean energy is an appealing approach. In this context, there urgent need catalysts with high activity and durability. RuO2 electrocatalysts have shown efficient in the oxygen evolution reactions (HER OER), but they still suffer from poor stability. Herein, surface S-doped nanostructured (S-RuO2) rationally fabricated overall splitting. Doping S enhances (overpotentials 25 mV HER 243 long-term durability (1000 h at 100 mA cm–2), achieves nearly 100% Faraday efficiency (FE). Moreover, S-RuO2-based anion exchange membrane electrolyzer requires 2.01 V reach 1.0 A cm–2 under demanding industrial conditions. Experimental analysis theoretical calculations indicate that introduction could lower valence state Ru, thereby conferring enhanced Furthermore, S-RuO2 electrocatalyst highly protected by surface, which repels Cl– alkaline seawater. This investigation presents a feasible strategy designing RuO2-based splitting both performance good resistance anodic corrosion.

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Weight Engineering Modulates Lignin‐Metal Supramolecular Framework to Construct Carbon‐Coated CoRu Alloy for Effective Overall Water Splitting

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract To overcome the challenges of low catalytic activity and instability, a molecular weight engineering strategy coupled with oxidative ammonolysis is developed to synthesize CoRu‐based alloy catalysts distinct morphologies properties from biorefinery lignin. This approach effectively modulates intrinsic active sites exposes unsaturated nitrogen‐oxygen structures, thereby tailoring morphology defect structure carbon layers in catalysts. The as‐synthesized CoRu lignin precursors varying weights are designated as CoRu@OALC‐EtOAC, CoRu@OALC‐EtOH, CoRu@OALC‐Residual. featuring defect‐rich graphitic carbon‐coated structure, exhibited exceptional overall water‐splitting performance (1.48 V at 10 mA cm −2 ), significantly surpassing Pt/C || Ru/C (1.58 ). In contrast, CoRu@OALC‐Residual, its amorphous demonstrated remarkable stability (350 h 100 vastly outperforming (6 In‐situ Raman spectroscopy DFT calculations revealed that adsorb * H intermediates, accelerating process. strong adsorption also induces layer rearrangement, leading dissolution oxidation metal particles. provides universal method for biomass‐derived catalysts, establishing direct relationship between weight, catalyst morphology, electrocatalytic performance.

Language: Английский

---

Long‐term Durability of Seawater Electrolysis for Hydrogen: From Catalysts to Systems

Angewandte Chemie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136(47)

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract Direct electrochemical seawater splitting is a renewable, scalable, and potentially economic approach for green hydrogen production in environments where ultra‐pure water not readily available. However, issues related to low durability caused by complex ions pose great challenges its industrialization. In this review, mechanistic analysis of electrolytic discussed. We critically analyze the development electrolysis identify at both anode cathode. Particular emphasis given elucidating rational strategies designing electrocatalysts/electrodes/interfaces with long lifetimes realistic including inducing passivating anion layers, preferential OH − adsorption, employing anti‐corrosion materials, fabricating protective immobilizing Cl on surface electrocatalysts, tailoring adsorption sites, inhibition binding Mg 2+ Ca , hydroxide precipitation adherence, co‐electrosynthesis nano‐sized hydroxides. Synthesis methods electrocatalysts/electrodes innovations electrolyzer are also Furthermore, prospects developing technologies clean generation summarized. found that researchers have rethought role ions, as well more attention cathodic reaction electrolyzers, which conducive accelerate commercialization electrolysis.

Language: Английский

---

Achievements, challenges and opportunities in hydrogen production from water/seawater splitting using boron-based materials

Science China Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Design strategies of electrocatalyst for improving durability and selectivity of seawater splitting

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 160362 - 160362

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Tailoring the electronic structure of an exfoliated layered double hydroxide using a lanthanide for chloride-ion blocking in seawater splitting

EES Catalysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The Lewis acidity of Ni 2+ and Fe 3+ ions in a layered double hydroxide (LDH) was enhanced by incorporating the lanthanide dopant Ce, tuning surface electronic configurations to prefer OH* adsorption over Cl* adsorption.

Language: Английский

---

Regulating the Co-Spin State in a CoP/Co₂P Heterojunction by Phosphorus Vacancies for Efficient Seawater Hydrogen Evolution

Chemistry of Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Hydrogen energy production through seawater splitting is an essential route for a sustainable society; however, it impeded by chlorine corrosion. Therefore, the rational design of highly efficient electrocatalysts hydrogen evolution repelling ion effects key to unlocking its wide operation. Herein, we report facile construction cobalt phosphide heterojunction with phosphorus vacancies evolution, which needs overpotentials 82/287 mV and 75/237 achieve current density 10/100 mA cm–2 in 1 M KOH simulated (1 + 0.5 NaCl), respectively, outperforming numerous reported non-noble-metal-based water/seawater systems. Additionally, catalyst demonstrates long-time stability over 120 h period seawater. More profoundly, both experimental computational results demonstrate that induce higher spin state atoms within phosphides, accelerates desorption species creates significant repulsive effect on Cl–, consequently contributing significantly enhanced

Language: Английский

---

Anion Exchange Membrane Seawater Electrolysis at 1.0 A cm⁻² With an Anode Catalyst Stable for 9000 H

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Abstract Hydrogen production through seawater electrolysis is promising but challenging due to severe anode corrosion by chlorine (Cl − ) ions. Herein, a corrosion‐resistant NiFe layered double hydroxide electrode (CAPist‐S1) reported as high‐performance electrocatalyst for oxidation, achieving an industrial‐level current density of 1.0 A cm −2 at overpotentials 200 and 220 mV in alkaline simulated (1 M KOH + 0.5 NaCl) natural seawater) seawater, respectively, along with extraordinary long‐term stability over 9000 h under seawater. dense LDH interlayer generated between the nanosheets metal substrate found efficiently retard penetration Cl ions surface, improving resistance corrosion. Furthermore, this essential prerequisite establishing dynamic equilibrium Fe leaching redeposition situ formed FeOOH, can turn stabilize interlayer, maintaining activity CAPist‐S1 during prolonged electrolysis. Using anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzer, obtained electrolyzer stably functions 700 room temperature, indicating prospects industrial application.

Language: Английский

---