From Traditional Efficacy to Drug Design: A Review of Astragali Radix

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 413 - 413

Published: March 14, 2025

Astragali Radix (AR), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is derived from the dried roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (A. mongholicus, AMM) or Bge membranaceus, AM). According to medicine (TCM) theory, AR believed tonify qi, elevate yang, consolidate body’s surface reduce sweating, promote diuresis and swelling, generate body fluids, nourish blood. It has been widely used treat general weakness chronic illnesses improve overall vitality. Extensive research identified various medicinal properties AR, including anti-tumor, antioxidant, cardiovascular-protective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective effects. With advancements in technology, methods such as computer-aided drug design (CADD) artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly being applied development TCM. This review summarizes progress on over past decades, providing comprehensive overview its efficacy, botanical characteristics, distribution, chemical constituents, phytochemistry. aims enhance researchers’ understanding pharmaceutical potential, thereby facilitating further utilization.

Language: Английский

Bacillus safensis from Sauerkraut Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus through the Regulation of M2 Macrophage Polarization via Its Metabolite Esculin

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Sauerkraut contains various fermentative microorganisms that produce active metabolites, enhancing immunity and resistance to infections. However, its effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. Using RAW264.7 cells a mouse model, we demonstrated Bacillus safensis SK14 (BS SK14), an understudied bacterium, has immunomodulatory effect MRSA-induced ALI. BS significantly reduced the inflammatory responses. Supplementation with live or culture supernatant increased survival rates, damage, attenuated inflammation in ALI model mice. LC–MS/MS analysis identified esculin as key metabolite responsible for these effects. produces via gut–lung axis, inhibiting TLR2–MyD88–NF-κB pathway, reducing Keap1 levels, activating Nrf2–ARE pathway. This decreased M1 polarization M2 polarization, antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities Collectively, results reveal exert therapeutic through multifactorial strategy.

Language: Английский