Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 2, 2025
Abstract
Developing
high-performance,
sustainable
adhesives
for
automotive,
aerospace,
and
industrial
applications
remains
a
major
challenge
due
to
the
inherent
trade-off
between
mechanical
strength
thermal
stability
in
bio-based
materials.
While
previous
studies
have
explored
polyurethane
(PU)
adhesives,
achieving
superior
adhesion
durability
challenging
when
compared
petroleum-based
counterparts.
This
study
presents
novel
adhesive
system
utilizing
polypropylene
glycol
(PPG2000),
isophorone
diisocyanate
(IPDI),
renewable
polyols
(isosorbide-derived
polyols,
diglycerol,
glycerol).
The
were
synthesized
via
controlled
one-shot
polymerization
process
with
4-tert-butylphenol
as
an
end-capping
agent,
enabling
precise
modulation
of
crosslink
density
molecular
architecture.
Fourier-transform
infrared
(FT-IR)
spectroscopy
confirmed
complete
urethane
bond
formation,
isocyanate
group
(NCO%)
titration
validated
stoichiometric
conversion.
Gel
permeation
chromatography
(GPC)
revealed
distinct
weight
distributions,
which
influence
performance
by
affecting
density,
elasticity,
depending
on
polyol
structure.
Thermal
analysis
showed
that
isosorbide-derived
formulations
exhibited
up
25°C
higher
degradation
onset
temperature
10°C
increase
glass
transition
(Tg)
adhesives.
Meanwhile,
containing
diglycerol
glycerol
demonstrated
39%
shear
(32.5
MPa)
77%
improved
impact
resistance
(36.8
relative
reference
system,
attributed
optimized
segmental
mobility
crosslinking
effects.
work
establishes
strategic
framework
designing
while
acknowledging
limitations
such
potential
variability
raw
material
sources
suggesting
future
research
into
long-term
environmental
performance,
not
only
surpasses
conventional
systems
but
also
aligns
principles
green
chemistry
innovation.
These
findings
offer
pathway
next-generation
structural
applications.
