Ionic
thermoelectric
materials,
renowned
for
their
high
Seebeck
coefficients,
are
gaining
prominence
potential
in
harvesting
low-grade
waste
heat.
However,
the
theoretical
underpinnings
enhancing
performance
of
these
materials
remain
underexplored.
In
this
study,
Hoffmeister
effect
was
leveraged
to
augment
properties
hydrogel-based
ionic
materials.
A
series
PAAm-x
Zn(CF3SO3)2,
ZnSO4,
and
Zn(ClO4)2
hydrogels
were
synthesized,
using
polyacrylamide
(PAAm)
as
matrix
three
distinct
zinc
salts
with
varying
anion
volumes
impart
effect.
Exceptionally,
most
cost-effective
ZnSO4
yielded
highest
coefficient
among
hydrogels,
PAAm-1
achieving
a
remarkable
value
−3.72
mV
K–1.
To
elucidate
underlying
mechanism,
we
conducted
an
innovative
analysis
correlating
ion
transfer
number.
Additionally,
hydrogel
demonstrated
outstanding
mechanical
properties,
including
elongation
at
break
(>1400%
its
peak),
exceptional
resilience
(virtually
no
hysteresis
loops),
robust
fatigue
resistance
(overlapping
cyclic
tensile
curves).
This
work
not
only
advances
understanding
but
also
showcases
practical
heat
recovery
applications.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Abstract
Mechanical
information
is
a
medium
for
perceptual
interaction
and
health
monitoring
of
organisms
or
intelligent
mechanical
equipment,
including
force,
vibration,
sound,
flow.
Researchers
are
increasingly
deploying
recognition
technologies
(MIRT)
that
integrate
acquisition,
pre‐processing,
processing
functions
expected
to
enable
advanced
applications.
However,
this
also
poses
significant
challenges
acquisition
performance
efficiency.
The
novel
exciting
mechanosensory
systems
in
nature
have
inspired
us
develop
superior
bionic
(MIBRT)
based
on
materials,
structures,
devices
address
these
challenges.
Herein,
first
strategies
pre‐processing
presented
their
importance
high‐performance
highlighted.
Subsequently,
design
considerations
sensors
by
mechanoreceptors
described.
Then,
the
concepts
neuromorphic
summarized
order
replicate
biological
nervous
system.
Additionally,
ability
MIBRT
investigated
recognize
basic
information.
Furthermore,
further
potential
applications
robots,
healthcare,
virtual
reality
explored
with
view
solve
range
complex
tasks.
Finally,
future
opportunities
identified
from
multiple
perspectives.
InfoMat,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Abstract
Hydrogel‐based
sensors
are
recognized
as
key
players
in
revolutionizing
robotic
applications,
healthcare
monitoring,
and
the
development
of
artificial
skins.
However,
primary
challenge
hindering
commercial
adoption
hydrogel‐based
is
their
lack
high
stability,
which
arises
from
water
content
within
hydrogel
structure,
leading
to
freezing
at
subzero
temperatures
drying
issues
if
protective
layer
compromised.
These
factors
result
a
significant
decline
benefits
offered
by
aqueous
gel
electrolytes,
particularly
terms
mechanical
properties
conductivity,
crucial
for
flexible
wearable
electronics.
Previous
reports
have
highlighted
several
disadvantages
associated
with
using
cryoprotectant
co‐solvents
lower
ion‐doped
anti‐freezing
sensors.
In
this
study,
design
optimization
photocrosslinkable
ionic
utilizing
silk
methacrylate
novel
natural
crosslinker
presented.
This
innovative
demonstrates
significantly
enhanced
properties,
including
stretchability
(>1825%),
tensile
strength
(2.49
MPa),
toughness
(9.85
MJ
m
–
3
),
resilience
(4%
hysteresis),
compared
its
non‐ion‐doped
counterpart.
Additionally,
exhibits
exceptional
nonfreezing
behavior
down
−85°C,
anti‐drying
functional
stability
up
2.5
years,
signal
drift
only
5.35%
over
2450
cycles,
whereas
control
variant,
resembling
commonly
reported
hydrogels,
149.8%.
The
successful
application
developed
advanced
robotics,
combined
pioneering
demonstration
combinatorial
commanding
single
sensor,
could
potentially
revolutionize
sensor
design,
elevating
it
next
level
benefiting
various
fields.
image
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 26, 2024
Abstract
Wearable
strain
sensors,
capable
of
continuously
detecting
human
movements,
hold
great
application
prospects
in
sign
language
gesture
recognition
to
alleviate
the
daily
communication
barriers
deaf
and
mute
community.
However,
unsatisfactory
sensing
performance
(such
as
low
sensitivity,
narrow
detection
range,
etc.)
wearing
discomfort
severely
hinder
their
practical
application.
Here,
high‐performance
breathable
hydrogel
sensors
are
proposed
by
introducing
an
adjustable
localized
crack
a
closed‐loop
connected
fiber
encapsulated
porous
elastomer
films.
Upon
loading/unloading
external
strain,
dynamic
opening/closing
pre‐cut
causes
rapid
switching
conductive
path,
resulting
sharp
changes
resistance
high
sensitivity.
Consequently,
hydrogel‐based
crack‐effect
sensor
exhibits
superb
sensitivity
(GF
up
3930),
broad
range
(from
0.02%
80%),
fast
response/recovery
time
(78/52
ms),
repeatability,
structural
stability.
Based
on
capability
accurately
detect
various
strains
across
full
wireless
system
is
developed
achieve
accuracy
98.1%
encoding
decoding
gestures
with
assistance
machine
learning,
providing
robust
platform
for
efficient
intelligibility
barrier‐free
communication.
