Ruthenium‐Catalyzed α‐Alkylation of Arylacetonitriles with Primary Alcohols: N‐heterocyclic Carbene‐Amine's Promotional Influence

ChemistrySelect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(7)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Transition‐metal‐catalyzed α‐alkylation of nitriles with alcohols is an environmentally benign reaction, and the development simple efficient catalysts for this transformation a growing area research. In study, we report serial bidentate N ‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ruthenium complexes different extra donors alcohols. Through adjusting backbone NHC ligands, catalytic activities these could be controlled. The complex ( Ru3 ) bearing amine donor benzimidazolium exhibited highest activity. A large variety α‐alkylated were obtained in 30%–88% yields, by using 1 mol% amount Cs 2 CO 3 (20 mol%). Detailed control experiments deuterium‐labeling suggested that reaction proceeds via borrowing hydrogen pathway.

Language: Английский

Heterogeneous Mn@CeO₂ Catalyst for α-Alkylation of Ketones with Alcohols via Hydrogen-Borrowing Strategy

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 9649 - 9660

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Construction of a C-C bond via alkylation ketones with alcohol as the alkylating source by employing hydrogen-borrowing strategy is attracting significant attention and highly appealing due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, environmental benefits, fact that water only byproduct. The development heterogeneous catalysts based on nonprecious base metals progressing rapidly. Our newly disclosed manganese-doped cerium oxide nanocomposite (10 wt % Mn@CeO2) stands out cost-efficient air-stable catalyst, synthesized through straightforward coprecipitation method employed for α-alkylation primary alcohols strategy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms high crystallinity CeO2, while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) high-resolution transmission (HR-TEM) images reveal MnO2 nanoparticles, measuring 19 nm in size, uniformly decorated rod-shaped CeO2 which have size 33 nm. photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) uncovers presence Mn4+ species embedded nanorods. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) further indicates surface defects contribute impressive catalytic yield, ranges from 70 98% α-alkylated ketones. Thermogravimetric (TGA) demonstrates remarkable thermal stability maintaining up 800 °C. Additionally, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) no leaching Mn ions, emphasizing heterogeneity catalyst. Remarkably, 10 Mn@CeO2 recycled six cycles loss activity. This study underscores synergistic effect between metal redox pair key exceptional activity reactions, making promising catalyst sustainable efficient formation.

Language: Английский

Copper-Catalyzed Borrowing Hydrogen Reaction for α-Alkylation of Amides with Alcohols

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89(13), P. 9654 - 9660

Published: June 20, 2024

We report the first example of copper-catalyzed α-alkylation acetamides with alcohols via a borrowing hydrogen strategy. Catalyzed by in situ-generated copper particles, and various substituted benzyl or alkyl were transformed into functionalized amides good yields excellent selectivity. Compared previous work, this process is simple using commercially available Cu(OAc)2 as precatalyst, without an additional ligand metal complex, easier. Mechanistic studies revealed that aldehyde α,β-unsaturated intermediates reaction also disclosed role alcohol dehydrogenation C═C bond hydrogenation.

Language: Английский