Veterinary Pathology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
Amyloidosis
is
a
group
of
diseases
in
which
proteins
become
amyloid,
an
insoluble
fibrillar
aggregate,
resulting
organ
dysfunction.
Amyloid
deposition
has
been
reported
various
animal
species.
To
diagnose
and
understand
the
pathogenesis
amyloidosis,
it
important
to
identify
amyloid
precursor
protein
involved
each
disease.
Although
42
have
humans,
little
known
about
amyloidosis
animals,
except
for
few
well-described
proteins,
including
A
(AA),
light
chain
(AL),
β
(Aβ),
islet
polypeptide-derived
amyloid.
Recently,
several
types
novel
identified
animals
using
immunohistochemistry
mass
spectrometry-based
proteomic
analysis.
Certain
species
are
predisposed
specific
suggesting
genetic
background
its
pathogenesis.
Age-related
also
emerged
due
increased
longevity
captive
animals.
In
addition,
experimental
studies
shown
that
some
amyloids
may
be
transmissible.
Accurate
diagnosis
understanding
necessary
appropriate
therapeutic
intervention
comparative
pathological
studies.
This
review
provides
updated
classification
associated
misfolding
disorders
central
nervous
system,
current
their
Pathologic
features
presented
together
with
state-of-the-art
diagnostic
methods
can
applied
routine
identification
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Feb. 10, 2021
Recombinant
proteins
are
becoming
increasingly
important
for
industrial
applications,
where
Escherichia
coli
is
the
most
widely
used
bacterial
host
their
production.
However,
formation
of
inclusion
bodies
a
frequently
encountered
challenge
producing
soluble
and
functional
recombinant
proteins.
To
overcome
this
hurdle,
different
strategies
have
been
developed
through
adjusting
growth
conditions,
engineering
strains
E.
,
altering
expression
vectors,
modifying
interest.
These
approaches
will
be
comprehensively
highlighted
with
some
new
developments
in
review.
Additionally,
unique
features
protein
bodies,
mechanism
influencing
factors
formation,
potential
advantages
also
discussed.
Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
18(1), P. 10 - 28
Published: May 31, 2021
Reported
prevalence
estimates
of
sporadic
cerebral
amyloid
angiopathy
(CAA)
vary
widely.
CAA
is
associated
with
cognitive
dysfunction
and
intracerebral
hemorrhage,
linked
to
immunotherapy-related
side-effects
in
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Given
ongoing
efforts
develop
AD
immunotherapy,
accurate
are
important.
can
be
diagnosed
neuropathologically
or
during
life
using
MRI
markers
including
strictly
lobar
microbleeds.
In
this
meta-analysis
170
studies
over
73,000
subjects,
we
show
that
patients
AD,
based
on
pathology
(48%)
twice
presence
microbleeds
(22%);
the
general
population
difference
three-fold
(23%
vs
7%).
Both
methods
yield
similar
estimated
prevalences
cognitively
normal
elderly
(5%
7%),
hemorrhage
(19%
24%),
(50%
57%).
However,
observed
large
heterogeneity
among
neuropathology
protocols,
which
calls
for
standardized
assessment
reporting
CAA.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
25(5), P. 1195 - 1195
Published: March 6, 2020
The
aggregation
of
a
polypeptide
chain
into
amyloid
fibrils
and
their
accumulation
deposition
insoluble
plaques
intracellular
inclusions
is
the
hallmark
several
misfolding
diseases
known
as
amyloidoses.
Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's
Huntington's
are
some
approximately
50
described
to
date.
identification
characterization
molecular
species
critical
for
formation
disease
development
have
been
focus
intense
scrutiny.
Methods
such
X-ray
electron
diffraction,
solid-state
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
spectroscopy
(ssNMR)
cryo-electron
microscopy
(cryo-EM)
extensively
used
they
contributed
shed
new
light
onto
structure
amyloid,
revealing
multiplicity
polymorphic
structures
that
generally
fit
cross-β
motif.
rational
therapeutic
approaches
against
these
debilitating
increasingly
frequent
requires
thorough
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
cascade.
Here,
we
review
current
knowledge
on
fibril
proteins
peptides
from
kinetic
thermodynamic
point
view,
involved
in
amyloidogenic
process,
origin
cytotoxicity.
FEBS Journal,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
290(3), P. 554 - 583
Published: Dec. 4, 2021
Disrupted
protein
folding
or
decreased
stability
can
lead
to
the
accumulation
of
(partially)
un-
misfolded
proteins,
which
ultimately
cause
formation
aggregates.
Much
interest
in
aggregation
is
associated
with
its
involvement
a
wide
range
human
diseases
and
challenges
it
poses
for
large-scale
biopharmaceutical
manufacturing
formulation
therapeutic
proteins
peptides.
On
other
hand,
aggregates
also
be
functional,
as
observed
nature,
triggered
use
development
biomaterials
therapeutics
well
improvement
food
characteristics.
Thus,
unmasking
various
steps
involved
critical
obtain
better
understanding
underlying
mechanism
amyloid
formation.
This
knowledge
will
allow
more
tailored
diagnostic
methods
treatments
amyloid-associated
diseases,
applications
fields
new
(bio)materials,
technology
therapeutics.
However,
complex
dynamic
nature
process
makes
study
challenging.
To
provide
guidance
on
how
analyse
aggregation,
this
review
we
summarize
most
commonly
investigated
aspects
some
popular
corresponding
methods.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
181, P. 582 - 604
Published: March 23, 2021
Many
neurodegenerative
diseases
are
rooted
in
the
activities
of
amyloid-like
proteins
which
possess
conformations
that
spread
to
healthy
proteins.
These
include
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD),
Huntington's
(HD)
and
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS).
While
their
clinical
manifestations
vary,
protein-level
mechanisms
remarkably
similar.
Aberrant
monomeric
undergo
conformational
shifts,
facilitating
aggregation
formation
solid
fibrils.
However,
there
is
growing
evidence
intermediate
oligomeric
stages
key
drivers
neuronal
toxicity.
Analysis
protein
dynamics
complicated
by
fact
nucleation
growth
not
a
linear
pathway.
Feedback
within
this
pathway
results
exponential
acceleration
aggregation,
but
exerted
oligomers
fibrils
can
alter
cellular
interactions
environment
as
whole.
The
resulting
cascade
effects
likely
contributes
late
onset
accelerating
progression
disorders
widespread
they
have
on
body.
In
review
we
explore
associated
with
AD,
PD,
HD
ALS,
well
common
aggregation.
From
this,
identify
core
elements
pathological
been
targeted
for
therapies,
may
become
future
therapeutic
targets.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Sept. 14, 2021
The
accumulation
of
protein
aggregates
in
human
tissues
is
a
hallmark
more
than
40
diseases
called
amyloidoses.
In
seven
these
disorders,
the
aggregation
associated
with
neurodegenerative
processes
central
nervous
system
such
as
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
and
Huntington’s
(HD).
occurs
when
certain
soluble
proteins
lose
their
physiological
function
become
toxic
amyloid
species.
assembly
consists
filament
interactions,
which
can
form
fibrillar
structures
rich
β-sheets.
Despite
frequent
incidence
among
elderly,
available
treatments
are
limited
at
best
palliative,
new
therapeutic
approaches
needed.
Among
many
natural
compounds
that
have
been
evaluated
for
ability
to
prevent
or
delay
amyloidogenic
process
epigallocatechin-3-gallate
(EGCG),
an
abundant
potent
polyphenolic
molecule
present
green
tea
has
extensive
biological
activity.
There
evidence
EGCG’s
inhibit
α-synuclein,
amyloid-β,
huntingtin
proteins,
respectively
PD,
AD,
HD.
It
prevents
fibrillogenesis
(
vitro
vivo
),
reduces
cytotoxicity,
remodels
fibrils
non-toxic
amorphous
species
lack
seed
propagation.
Although
it
antioxidant,
EGCG
oxidized
state
promote
fibrils’
remodeling
through
formation
Schiff
bases
crosslinking
fibrils.
Moreover,
microparticles
drug
delivery
were
synthesized
from
loaded
second
anti-amyloidogenic
molecule,
obtaining
synergistic
effect.
Here,
we
describe
several
pre-clinical
clinical
studies
involving
related
mechanisms.
Neurobiology of Disease,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
176, P. 105966 - 105966
Published: Dec. 15, 2022
Synucleinopathies,
including
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
dementia
with
Lewy
Bodies
(DLB),
and
multiple
system
atrophy
(MSA),
are
characterized
by
the
misfolding
subsequent
aggregation
of
alpha-synuclein
(α-syn)
that
accumulates
in
cytoplasmic
inclusions
bodies
cells
affected
brain
regions.
Since
seminal
report
likely-aggregated
α-syn
presence
within
Spillantini
et
al.
1997,
keyword
"synuclein
aggregation"
has
appeared
over
6000
papers
(Source:
PubMed
October
2022).
Studying,
observing,
describing,
quantifying
is
therefore
paramount
importance,
whether
it
happens
tubo,
vitro,
post-mortem
samples,
or
vivo.
The
past
few
years
have
witnessed
tremendous
progress
understanding
mechanisms
identifying
various
polymorphs.
In
this
context
growing
complexity,
utmost
importance
to
understand
what
tools
we
possess,
exact
information
they
provide,
may
be
applied.
Nonetheless,
also
crucial
rationalize
relevance
limitations
these
methods
for
gauging
final
result.
review,
present
main
techniques
shaped
current
views
about
structure
dynamics,
particular
emphasis
on
recent
breakthroughs
change
our
synucleinopathies.