Genetic basis of variation in thermal developmental plasticity for Drosophila melanogaster body pigmentation

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(6)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract Seasonal differences in insect pigmentation are attributed to the influence of ambient temperature on development. This thermal plasticity is adaptive and heritable, thereby capable evolving. However, specific genes contributing variation that can drive its evolution remain largely unknown. To address this, we analysed Drosophila melanogaster . We measured two components thorax abdomen: overall darkness proportion length covered by darker pattern elements (a trident bands abdomen) females from developmental temperatures (17 or 28°C) 191 genotypes. Using a GWAS approach identify genetic basis response temperature, identified numerous dispersed QTLs, including some mapping melanogenesis ( yellow , ebony tan ). Remarkably, observed limited overlap between QTLs for within those influencing plasticity, as well minimal across body parts. For most traits, consistent with selection favouring retention found lower alleles were often at frequencies. The functional analysis selected candidate confirmed their contributions and/or plasticity. Overall, our study reveals existence underlying extensive trait‐specific offering rich reservoir raw material natural shape these traits independently.

Language: Английский

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Oligonucleotide insecticides and RNA-based insecticides: 16 years of experience in contact using of the next generation pest control agents

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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GAF-dependent chromatin plasticity determines promoter usage to mediate locust gregarious behavior

The EMBO Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 7, 2025

Abstract Locusts, as devastating pests, can reversibly transform between solitary individuals and gregarious swarms with markedly different behaviors. Epigenetic regulation orchestrated by changes in chromatin openness modulates behavioral plasticity controlling gene expression. However, the mechanisms which controls remain largely unknown. Here, we explored regulatory function of modulating plasticity, remodeler GAF regulated brain-specific promoter usage locusts. The increased locusts initiated transcription henna , a critical dopamine synthesis behavior mediation. Furthermore, GAF-dependent responded coordinately to population density changes. Fragment mutagenesis abolished activity due dysfunction GAF-binding site. Mechanistically, three sites played synergetic role remodeling activating initiation. Our study reveals novel epigenetic mechanism linking polyphenism insects during environmental

Language: Английский

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Sensory perception of rivals has trait-dependent effects on plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: April 23, 2024

The social environment has myriad effects on individuals, altering reproduction, immune function, cognition, and aging. Phenotypic plasticity enables animals to respond heterogeneous environments such as the but requires that they assess those accurately. It been suggested combinations of sensory cues allow rapidly accurately changeable environments, it is unclear whether same inputs are required in all traits a particular environmental cue.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Variants Underlying Plasticity in Natural Populations of Spadefoot Toads: Environmental Assessment versus Phenotypic Response

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 611 - 611

Published: May 11, 2024

Many organisms facultatively produce different phenotypes depending on their environment, yet relatively little is known about the genetic bases of such plasticity in natural populations. In this study, we describe variation underlying an extreme form plasticity––resource polyphenism––in Mexican spadefoot toad tadpoles, Spea multiplicata. Depending these tadpoles develop into one two drastically forms: a carnivore morph or omnivore morph. We collected both morphs from ponds that differed which had adaptive advantage and performed genome-wide association studies phenotype (carnivore vs. omnivore) (adaptive maladaptive environmental assessment). identified four quantitative trait loci associated with nine plasticity, exhibited signatures minor allele dominance (one locus locus) did not occur as homozygotes. Investigations genetics plastic traits populations promise to provide novel insights how complex, arise evolve.

Language: Английский

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Temperature-mediated dynamics: unravelling the impact of temperature on cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, mating behaviour, and life history traits in three Drosophila species

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(17), P. e36671 - e36671

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

In a world grappling with climate change, understanding the enduring impact of changes in temperatures on insect adult traits is crucial. It proposed that cold- and warm-adapted species exhibit specialized behavioural physiological responses to their respective temperature ranges. contrast, generalist maintain more stable metabolic developmental rates across broader range temperatures, reflecting ability exploit diverse thermal niches. Here, we explored this intricate response exposure three

Language: Английский

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Larval growth rate is not a major determinant of adult wing shape and eyespot size in the seasonally polyphenic butterfly Melanitis leda

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e18295 - e18295

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Insects often show adaptive phenotypic plasticity where environmental cues during early stages are used to produce a phenotype that matches the environment experienced by adults. Many tropical satyrine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) seasonally polyphenic and distinct wet- dry-season form adults, providing tight environment-phenotype matching in seasonal environments. In studied Mycalesina butterflies, forms can be induced laboratory growing larvae at low temperatures or on poor food quality. Since both these factors also tend reduce larval growth rate, rate may an internal cue translates into expression of phenotypes. If this is case, we predict slower-growing would more likely develop phenotype.

Language: Английский

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Temperature-mediated dynamics: unraveling the impact of temperature on cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, mating behavior, and life history traits in threeDrosophilaspecies

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract In a world grappling with climate change, understanding the enduring impact of changes in temperature on insect adult traits is crucial. Here, we explored intricate dynamics exposure to different temperatures three Drosophila species: ezoana originating Arctic regions, D. novamexicana arid, hot environments, and cosmopolitan species virilis . Rearing these flies at 15, 20, 25, 30°C revealed striking variations their cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, known mediate mate recognition prevent water loss insects. The cold-adapted consistently exhibited reduced CHC levels increasing temperatures, while warm-adapted displayed more nuanced responses. Additionally, observed significant influence rearing mating behavior flies, where those reared extreme tempreatures, 15 30°C, exhibiting success. Consequently, this led decrease production offspring. Also offspring underwent notable alterations life history traits, reaching adulthood rapidly 25 but lower weight longevity. Furthermore, among offspring, produced by were vulnerable desiccation starvation compared from summary, our research underscores interplay between temperature, ecological adaptation various distinct agro-ecological regions. behavior, fertility responses environmental stressors collectively provide valuable insights into how conditions shape biology ecology

Language: Английский

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Intragenomic conflict underlies extreme phenotypic plasticity in queen-worker caste determination in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 10, 2024

Abstract Caste determination of honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) is a prime example developmental plasticity, where differences in larval diet will result identical genotypes yielding either long-lived, reproductive queens or short-lived, facultatively sterile workers. Beyond environmental factors, intragenomic conflict between genes inherited from the mother (matrigenes) versus father (patrigenes) also hypothesized to generate this plasticity. In bees, Kinship Theory Intragenomic Conflict predicts selection on patrigenes enhance traits that fitness gained through reproduction, and thus should favor queen caste fate. Here, we conducted allele-specific transcriptome analyses queen-destined larvae (QL) worker-destined (WL) at 192 hours post-fertilization (hpf), critical stage for determination. Our findings reveal hundreds with parent-of-origin effects (POEs), significant patrigene-biased transcription QL. Genes POEs resemble imprinted other taxa terms genomic clustering, recombination rate, intron length CpG density, subset are maintained 24hpf eggs. Previous studies demonstrated DNA methylation, canonical regulatory mechanism underlying transcriptional placental mammals, angiosperms, some insects, not operating social insects. We use ChIP-seq demonstrate caste-specific histone post-translational modification (HPTM) profiles H3K27me3, H3K4me3 H3K27ac associated transcription. Together, these suggest conflicts may contribute broadly phenotypic plasticity be HPTMs, suggesting “non-canonical” imprinting-like system

Language: Английский

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Genetic and environmental effects on morphological traits of social phenotypes in wasps

Heredity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 133(2), P. 126 - 136

Published: June 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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