Microbiology and predictors of mortality in haematological malignancy patients with gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections DOI Creative Commons
Jing Zheng, Jinlian Li, Xuejun Xu

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 31, 2024

Abstract Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) in haematological malignancy patients caused by gram-negative bacteria (GNB) poses a clinical challenge, which is exacerbated the increased dissemination of carbapenem-resistant GNB (CRGNB). In this study, we investigated prevalence and factors for BSI mortality population. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who developed between 2015 2023 at tertiary teaching hospital southern China. Risk CRGNB were identified using multivariate logistic analyses. The randomly divided into training validation cohorts ratio 7:3 to establish model 30-day mortality. C-indices, calibration plots, decision curve analyses generated evaluate model. A nomogram was established. Results: Among 351 with BSIs, acute myeloid leukaemia (51.3%) most common. Escherichia coli (28.8%) Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.7%) common pathogens BSI, respectively. risk chronic liver disease, previous exposure carbapenems, platelet count < 30×109/l an albumin concentration 30 g/l before BSI. neutropenia as well septic shock mechanical ventilation after C-indices 0.942 0.931 cohorts, plots curves indicated that had good performance. Conclusions: allow stratification greatest poor prognosis could help facilitating timely effective intervention.

Language: Английский

NAFLD (MASLD)/NASH (MASH): Does It Bother to Label at All? A Comprehensive Narrative Review DOI Open Access
Consolato Sergi

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8462 - 8462

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD), is a condition that linked to overweight, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and syndrome. steatohepatitis (NASH), (MASH), form of NAFLD/MASLD progresses over time. While steatosis prominent histological characteristic recognizable grossly microscopically, biopsies individuals with NASH/MASH may exhibit several other abnormalities, such as mononuclear inflammation in the portal lobular regions, hepatocellular damage characterized by ballooning programmed cell death (apoptosis), misfolded hepatocytic protein inclusions (Mallory-Denk bodies, MDBs), megamitochondria hyaline inclusions, fibrosis. Ballooning remains defining feature NASH/MASH. The fibrosis pattern initial expression perisinusoidal ("chicken wire") surrounding central veins. Children have an alternative progressive steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, mainly Rappaport zone 1 acinus. To identify, synthesize, analyze scientific knowledge produced regarding implications using score for evaluating comprehensive narrative review. search articles was conducted between January 2000 31 December 2023, on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web Science, Cochrane databases. This complemented gray search, including internet browsers (e.g., Google) textbooks. following research question guided study: "What are basic data NAFLD/MASLD?" All stages selection process were carried out single author. Of 1783 found, 75 included sample analysis, which implemented additional 25 from references literature. studies analyzed indicated beneficial effects scoring biopsies. Although similarity alcoholic (ASH) occurs, some patterns seen do not happen NASH/MASH, cholestatic featuring steatohepatitis, foamy degeneration, sclerosing predominant necrosis. Generally, neutrophilic-rich cellular infiltrates, MDBs, cholestasis, obvious pericellular sinusoidal should favor diagnosis alcohol-induced injury Multiple grading staging methods available implementation investigations clinical trials, each possessing merits drawbacks. systems primarily used Brunt, NASH CRN (NASH Clinical Research Network), SAF (steatosis, activity, fibrosis) systems. utilized approaches link laboratory demographic observations histology findings optimal platforms trials rapidly commercialized drugs. It promising machine learning procedures (artificial intelligence) be critical developing new evaluate benefits current future drug formulations.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Regulatory role of S1P and its receptors in sepsis-induced liver injury DOI Creative Commons
Bin Wang, Xiaoyu Wu,

Cheng Jiang-feng

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

As an immune and metabolic organ, the liver affects progression prognosis of sepsis. Despite severe adverse effects sepsis injury on body, treatment options remain limited. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widely distributed lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PR) regulate downstream pathways involved in pathophysiological processes sepsis, including endothelial permeability, cytokine release, vascular tone. This review summarizes current research role S1P normal biology describes mechanisms by which changes S1P/S1PR affect development liver-related diseases. At same time, pathological underlying injury, as evidenced clinical manifestations during were comprehensively reviewed. paper focused mechanistic through its modulate immunity, bile acid metabolism, liver-intestinal circulation septic injury. Finally, relationships between with inflammation metabolism use related drugs for examined. By elucidating receptor pathogenesis this established molecular targeting framework, providing novel insights into drug development.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
CLICs Inhibitor IAA94 Alleviates Inflammation and Injury in Septic Liver by Preventing Pyroptosis in Macrophages DOI Creative Commons
Jing Liu, Jingwen Hu,

Xulei Yao

et al.

Inflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Macrophage pyroptosis represents a pivotal mechanism underlying acute liver injury during sepsis. Chloride intracellular channel proteins (CLICs) have been linked to inflammatory reflexes, with IAA94 serving as an inhibitor of formation characteristic CLICs. In mouse model, demonstrated efficacy in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines tissues, decreasing macrophage the liver, inhibiting development pro-fibrosis phenotype, and alleviating tissue injury. Additionally, exhibited inhibitory effects on activation NLRP3 inflammasome, leading suppression J774A.1 cells liver. was observed impede interaction between NEK7 NLRP3. Furthermore, it that conditioned medium pyroptotic macrophages treated induced attenuated response hepatocytes comparison by macrophages. However, overexpression impeded beneficial IAA94. conclusion, has capacity inflammasome formation-mediated blocking CLICs-mediated chloride efflux inhibition NEK7-NLRP3 interactions, thereby establishing CLICs promising therapeutic target against inflammation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The dysfunction of complement and coagulation in diseases: the implications for the therapeutic interventions DOI Creative Commons

Honghong Jiang,

Yiming Guo,

Qihang Wang

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract The complement system, comprising over 30 proteins, is integral to the immune and coagulation system critical for vascular homeostasis. activation of systems involves an organized proteolytic cascade, overactivation these a central pathogenic mechanism in several diseases. This review describes role illness, particularly sepsis. complexities sepsis reveal significant knowledge gaps that can be compared profound abyss, highlighting urgent need further investigation exploration. It well recognized inflammatory network, coagulation, are mechanisms through which multiple factors contribute increased susceptibility infection may result disordered response during septic events patients. Given overlapping sepsis, immunomodulatory therapies currently under development beneficial patients with who have concurrent infections. Herein, we present recent findings regarding molecular relationships between pathways advancement propose potential intervention targets related crosstalk complement, aiming provide more valuable treatment

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Microbiology and predictors of mortality in haematological malignancy patients with gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections DOI Creative Commons
Jing Zheng, Jinlian Li, Xuejun Xu

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 31, 2024

Abstract Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) in haematological malignancy patients caused by gram-negative bacteria (GNB) poses a clinical challenge, which is exacerbated the increased dissemination of carbapenem-resistant GNB (CRGNB). In this study, we investigated prevalence and factors for BSI mortality population. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who developed between 2015 2023 at tertiary teaching hospital southern China. Risk CRGNB were identified using multivariate logistic analyses. The randomly divided into training validation cohorts ratio 7:3 to establish model 30-day mortality. C-indices, calibration plots, decision curve analyses generated evaluate model. A nomogram was established. Results: Among 351 with BSIs, acute myeloid leukaemia (51.3%) most common. Escherichia coli (28.8%) Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.7%) common pathogens BSI, respectively. risk chronic liver disease, previous exposure carbapenems, platelet count < 30×109/l an albumin concentration 30 g/l before BSI. neutropenia as well septic shock mechanical ventilation after C-indices 0.942 0.931 cohorts, plots curves indicated that had good performance. Conclusions: allow stratification greatest poor prognosis could help facilitating timely effective intervention.

Language: Английский

Citations

0