Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes

Cell, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 178(4), P. 795 - 806.e12

Published: Aug. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Nutrients, Foods, and Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 148(6), P. 1244 - 1260.e16

Published: Jan. 6, 2015

Language: Английский

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Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic

Microbial Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1109 - 1125

Published: April 21, 2019

Summary Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. ), an intestinal symbiont colonizing in the mucosal layer, is considered to be a promising candidate as probiotics. known have important value improving host metabolic functions and immune responses. Moreover, may modifying cancer treatment. However, most of current researches focus on correlation between diseases, little about causal relationship them. Few intervention studies are limited animal experiments, explored its safety efficacy humans. Therefore, critical analysis knowledge will play foundation for it defined new beneficial microbe. This article review bacteriological characteristics , well with disorders, diseases therapy.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota induce IGF-1 and promote bone formation and growth

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 113(47)

Published: Nov. 7, 2016

Significance New interventions are needed to improve bone health and reduce the risk for osteoporosis fracture. Dysbiosis is increasingly linked metabolic abnormalities, although effect of microbiota on skeletal poorly understood. Previous studies suggest detrimental by increasing resorption. In this report, we show that gut resident promote formation, as well resorption, with long-term exposure resulting in net growth. Microbiota induce hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which promotes remodeling. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced when ferment fiber, also IGF-1, suggesting a mechanism affect health. Manipulating microbiome or its metabolites may afford opportunities optimize

Language: Английский

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Patterned progression of bacterial populations in the premature infant gut

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 111(34), P. 12522 - 12527

Published: Aug. 11, 2014

Significance It is increasingly apparent that bacteria in the gut are important determinants of health and disease humans. However, we know remarkably little about how this organ transitions from a sterile/near-sterile state at birth to one soon harbors highly diverse biomass. We show premature infants patterned progression bacterial community only minimally influenced by mode delivery, antibiotics, or feeds. The pace most strongly gestational age, with microbial population assembling slowest for born prematurely. These data raise possibility host biology, more than exogenous factors such as feeds, route drives populations newborn infant gut.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal transport and metabolism of bile acids

Journal of Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 1085 - 1099

Published: Sept. 11, 2014

In addition to their classical roles as detergents aid in the process of digestion, bile acids have been identified important signaling molecules that function through various nuclear and G protein-coupled receptors regulate a myriad cellular molecular functions across both metabolic nonmetabolic pathways. Signaling via these pathways will vary depending on tissue concentration chemical structure acid species. Important determinants size composition pool are efficient enterohepatic recirculation, host microbial metabolism, homeostatic feedback mechanisms connecting hepatocytes, enterocytes, luminal microbiota. This review focuses mammalian intestine, discussing physiology transport, metabolism gut, new developments our understanding how intestinal particularly by gut microbiota, affects signaling.

Language: Английский

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Transplantation of fecal microbiota from patients with irritable bowel syndrome alters gut function and behavior in recipient mice

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(379)

Published: March 1, 2017

Fecal microbiota transplants from patients with irritable bowel syndrome and anxiety alter gut function behavior in germ-free mice.

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion alters metabolic homeostasis by affecting gut signaling and colonic metabolism

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 16, 2018

Abstract Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) has been used frequently to study the role of gut in pathological conditions. However, unlike germ-free mice, effects AIMD on host metabolism remain incompletely understood. Here we show elucidate its homeostasis, luminal signaling, and metabolism. We demonstrate that AIMD, which decreases Firmicutes Bacteroidetes species, baseline serum glucose levels, reduces surge a tolerance test, improves insulin sensitivity without altering adiposity. These changes occur setting decreased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate, secondary bile acid pool, affects whole-body In alters cecal gene expression glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling. Extensive tissue remodeling availability SCFAs shift colonocyte toward utilization. suggest homeostasis by potentially shifting energy utilization from glucose.

Language: Английский

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Effects of polystyrene microplastics on the composition of the microbiome and metabolism in larval zebrafish

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 217, P. 646 - 658

Published: Nov. 12, 2018

Language: Английский

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Sodium butyrate attenuates high-fat diet-induced steatohepatitis in mice by improving gut microbiota and gastrointestinal barrier

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 60 - 60

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

To investigate whether gut microbiota metabolite sodium butyrate (NaB) is an effective substance for attenuating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the internal mechanisms.Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups, normal control fed standard chow model group a high-fat diet (HFD) 16 wk, intervention HFD wk treated with NaB 8 wk. Gut from each detected at baseline histology evaluated gastrointestinal barrier indicator such as zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) by immunohistochemistry realtime-PCR, further serum or endotoxin determined ELISA inflammation- metabolism-associated genes quantified real-time PCR.NaB corrected HFD-induced imbalance in mice, while it considerably elevated abundances of beneficial bacteria Christensenellaceae, Blautia Lactobacillus. These can produce butyric acid what seems like virtuous circle. And restored induced intestinal mucosa damage, increased expression ZO-1 small intestine, decreased levels compared HF group. Endotoxin-associated TLR4 Myd88, pro-inflammation MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 IFN-γ epididymal fat obviously downregulated after intervention. Liver inflammation accumulation ameliorated, TG cholesterol intervention, NAS score was significantly decreased, metabolic indices FBG HOMA-IR function indicators ALT AST improved group.NaB may restore dysbiosis to attenuate steatohepatitis, which suggested be potential modulator therapeutic NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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