Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and its link to cancer

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 160, P. 156004 - 156004

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Associations of semaglutide with first‐time diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: Target trial emulation using nationwide real‐world data in the US

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract INTRODUCTION Emerging preclinical evidence suggests that semaglutide, a glucagon‐like peptide receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, protects against neurodegeneration neuroinflammation. However, real‐world its ability to protect Alzheimer's disease (AD) is lacking. METHODS We conducted emulation target trials based on nationwide database of electronic health records (EHRs) 116 million US patients. Seven were emulated among 1,094,761 eligible patients with T2DM who had no prior AD diagnosis by comparing semaglutide seven other antidiabetic medications. First‐ever occurred within 3‐year follow‐up period was examined using Cox proportional hazards Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. RESULTS Semaglutide associated significantly reduced risk first‐time diagnosis, most strongly compared insulin (hazard ratio [HR], 0.33 [95% CI: 0.21 0.51]) weakly GLP‐1RAs (HR, 0.59 0.37 0.95]). Similar results seen across obesity status, gender, age groups. DISCUSSION These findings support further studies assess semaglutide's potential in preventing AD. HIGHLIGHTS 40% 70% risks medications, including GLP‐1RAs. lower AD‐related medication prescriptions. reductions Our provide supporting the clinical benefits mitigating initiation development T2DM. delaying or

Language: Английский

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Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists and Liver Outcomes in Patients With MASLD and Type 2 Diabetes

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated long‐term liver benefits in patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic disease (MASLD) type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, no direct comparison between these therapies has been conducted. This study aimed to compare major adverse outcomes (MALOs) GLP‐1 RAs SGLT2is MASLD T2D. Methods Using the TriNetX Research Network, a multinational multi‐institutional database, we identified adults T2D who received their first prescription for either RA or an SGLT2i January 2010 June 2023. We conducted propensity score‐matched (PSM) cohort comparing new users of SGLT2is. The primary outcome was risk MALOs, composite endpoint consisting decompensated cirrhosis events, hepatocellular carcinoma, transplantation. Secondary included all‐cause mortality individual components outcome. Results 15,176 pairs treated SGLT2i. adjusted hazard ratio (HR) MALO associated relative 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73–0.97; incidence rate: 88.9 versus 105.3 events per 10,000 person‐years), primarily driven by reduction (adjusted HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.71–0.96). were lower 0.84, 0.75–0.94). Conclusion are better compared

Language: Английский

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Association of Semaglutide With Tobacco Use Disorder in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 177(8), P. 1016 - 1027

Published: July 29, 2024

Reports of reduced desire to smoke in patients treated with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, have raised interest about its potential benefit tobacco use disorders (TUDs).

Language: Английский

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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 107401 - 107401

Published: Sept. 7, 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are commonly used for glucose lowering and weight-loss. However, their association with gastrointestinal cancer remains uncertain. This meta-analysis assesses the risk of in patients treated GLP-1 RAs.

Language: Английский

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Impact of GLP‐1RA on the Risk of Adverse Liver Outcomes Among Patients With Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Liver International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

ABSTRACT Background and Aims We sought to characterise the impact of GLP‐1RA on adverse liver outcomes (ALO) among patients with alcohol‐associated disease (ALD) Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Patients T2DM newly diagnosed ALD between 2013 2020 were identified using IBM MarketScan database categorised by exposure. Overlap propensity score weighting (OPSW) followed Poisson regression models was used analyse adjusted risk ALO, a composite endpoint defined first occurrence hepatic decompensation (HD), portal hypertension (PH), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or transplantation (LT) relative GLP‐1RA. Results Among 14 730 patients, most individuals male ( n = 9752, 66.2%) median age 57 (IQR 52–61) years; 2.2% 317) had Overall, 32.0% 4717) experienced HD, 15.9% 2345) PH, 3.8% 563) developed HCC, while 2.5% 374) underwent transplantation. Non‐GLP‐1RA higher incidence HD (32.2% vs. 22.4%) HCC (3.9% 0.3%) versus taking (both p < 0.001); in contrast, there no difference PH (14.5% 16.0%) LT (1.3% 2.6%) > 0.05). After OPSW, overall ALO lower cohort (GLP‐1RA: 12.0%, 95%CI 9.0–16.0 non‐GLP‐1RA: 21.0%, 20.0–22.0) an absolute reduction 9.0% (95%CI 3.0%–15.0%) associated strongly likelihood reduced rate 0.56 0.36–0.86) non‐GLP‐1RA individuals. Conclusions may have hepatoprotective T2DM.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Clinics in Liver Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(4), P. 633 - 646

Published: July 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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An updated overview on hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Trends, pathophysiology and risk-based surveillance

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156080 - 156080

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Influence of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists on hepatic events in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

Abstract Background and Aim Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is intrinsically linked to various etiologies of liver disease, with 69% patients having concomitant metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic disease (MASLD). Studies suggest glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) can ameliorating disease. With this analysis, we address the gap in knowledge about effectiveness these agents preventing different major adverse outcomes (MALOs). Methods PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Central Trials were searched for articles reporting MALOs T2DM patients. Publication bias‐identifying methods, quality assessment sensitivity analyses (subgroup analyses, leave‐one‐out meta‐analyses, meta‐regression) employed. Statistical performed R using “meta” “metafor” packages. Results Nine cohort studies from 535 identified encompassing 579 256 included main analyses. GLP‐1RA use was associated reduced risks hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56–0.96) cirrhosis decompensation 0.68, 0.65–0.72). Within latter, variceal bleeding hepatic encephalopathy prevention found be significantly reduced. Egger's test, Begg's funnel‐plot analysis yielded no publication bias. No significant differences observed or failure. Meta‐regression revealed a positive correlation between incidence both male sex longer follow‐up duration. Conclusions This meta‐analysis improves our understanding hepatoprotective effects GLP‐1RAs supports existing research, exhibiting superiority over other antidiabetic medications hepatoprotection subgroup. Additional long‐term are necessary further validate findings.

Language: Английский

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GLP-1 receptor agonists and pancreatic cancer risk: target trial emulation using real-world data

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Abstract Background Data on the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) pancreatic cancer incidence are limited and inconsistent. Here we evaluate association GLP-1RAs, alone in combinations, with incident risk a real-world population, stratified by obesity smoking status. Methods This retrospective cohort included patients type 2 diabetes mellitus who were prescribed GLP-1RAs or other nonglucagon-like agonist antidiabetes medications between January 2013 March 2019 had no prior diagnosis cancer. The (first-time) during 5-year follow-up was compared propensity-score matched cohorts vs medications. Subgroup analyses performed status tobacco use disorder. We also GLP-1RA combination therapies monotherapies. Time-to-first-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, hazard ratio 95% confidence interval calculated. Results study population comprised 1 636 056 eligible including 167 091 468 965 associated statistically significant decreased for each 6 ratios ranging from 0.42 to 0.82. reduction greater disorder than those without. lower Conclusions reduced mellitus. Further studies trials needed explore mechanisms confirm causal effects.

Language: Английский

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