Low-Temperature Mineralization of Fluorotelomers with Diverse Polar Head Groups DOI

Richard J. Monsky,

Yuli Li, K. N. Houk

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(25), P. 17150 - 17157

Published: June 13, 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants linked to harmful health effects. Currently employed PFAS destruction methods energy-intensive often produce shorter-chain recalcitrant partially fluorinated byproducts. We report the mineralization of five fluorotelomer compounds via a base-mediated degradation using NaOH mild temperatures (120 °C) in mixture DMSO:H2O (8:1 v/v). The studied fluorotelomers have varying polar head groups–carboxylic acids, sulfonic alcohols, phosphonic which most common groups used commercial industrial applications. intermediates byproducts were characterized 1H, 13C, 19F NMR spectroscopy. Density functional theory computations at M06-2X/6-311 + G(2d,p)-SMD-(DMSO) level consistent with observed guided an overall mechanistic hypothesis. Degradation each occurs through similar process, nonfluorinated carbons first carbon cleaved from remaining perfluoroalkyl fragment, degrades previously identified pathways. These findings provide important insight into processes suggest that containing least one C–H bond within or adjacent its fluoroalkyl chain can be degraded under these conditions. Many current use as well generated other candidates for this approach.

Language: Английский

Low-temperature mineralization of perfluorocarboxylic acids DOI Open Access
Brittany Trang, Yuli Li, Xiao‐Song Xue

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6608), P. 839 - 845

Published: Aug. 18, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent, bioaccumulative pollutants found in water resources at concentrations harmful to human health. Whereas current PFAS destruction strategies use nonselective mechanisms, we that perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) could be mineralized through a sodium hydroxide-mediated defluorination pathway. PFCA decarboxylation polar aprotic solvents produced reactive ion intermediates degraded fluoride ions (78 ~100%) within 24 hours. The carbon-containing products were inconsistent with oft-proposed one-carbon-chain shortening instead computationally identified pathways consistent many experiments. Degradation was also observed for branched ether might extended degrade other classes as methods activate their headgroups identified.

Language: Английский

Citations

219
PFAS: forever chemicals—persistent, bioaccumulative and mobile. Reviewing the status and the need for their phase out and remediation of contaminated sites DOI Creative Commons
H. Brunn,

Gottfried Arnold,

Wolfgang Körner

et al.

Environmental Sciences Europe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(1)

Published: March 23, 2023

Abstract Background Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) have received increasing scientific political attention in recent years. Several thousand commercially produced compounds are used numerous products technical processes. Due to their extreme persistence the environment, humans all other life forms are, therefore, increasingly exposed these substances. In following review, PFAS will be examined comprehensively. Results The best studied carboxylic sulfonic acids with chain lengths of C4 C14, particularly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) perfluorooctane (PFOS). These harmful aquatic fauna, insects, amphibians at concentrations a few µg/L or less, accumulate organisms, biomagnify food webs. Humans, as final link chains, subjected uptake primarily through drinking water. multiple toxic effects, affecting liver, kidney, thyroid, immune system. latter effect is basis for establishment tolerable weekly dose only 4.4 ng/kg body weight sum four representatives PFOA, PFOS, perfluorononanoic (PFNA) perfluorohexane (PFHxS) by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2020. Exposure estimates human biomonitoring show that this value frequently reached, many cases exceeded. major challenge analysis, especially waste: single-substance analyses capture fragment large, diverse family PFAS. As consequence, parameters gained importance. high mobility per makes soil groundwater pollution contaminated sites problem. general, short-chain more mobile than long-chain ones. Processes purification water treatment often ineffective expensive. Recycling PFAS-containing such paper packaging leads carryover contaminants. Incineration requires temperatures completely destroy After PFOS perfluorinated were regulated internationally, manufacturers users switched PFAS: representatives, per- oxo acids, telomeric alcohols acids. Analytical studies an increase environmental chemicals. Ultra-short (chain length C1–C3) not been well studied. Among others, trifluoroacetic (TFA) present globally rapidly concentrations. Conclusions substitution individual recognized hazardous possibly equally virtually unknown chronic toxicity can, solution. answer switch fluorine-free alternatives applications which essential.

Language: Английский

Citations

157
Oily Wastewater Treatment: Methods, Challenges, and Trends DOI Open Access

Alexandre D’Lamare Maia de Medeiros,

Cláudio José Galdino da Silva, Júlia Didier Pedrosa de Amorim

et al.

Processes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 743 - 743

Published: April 12, 2022

The growing interest in innovations regarding the treatment of oily wastewater stems from fact that oil industry is largest polluter environment. harm caused by this seen all countries. Companies produce such are responsible for its prior to disposal or recycling into their production processes. As emulsions difficult manage and require different types even combined methods, a range environmental technologies have been proposed oil-contaminated effluents, as gravity separation, flotation, flocculation, biological treatment, advanced oxidation processes, membranes. Natural materials, biopolymers, constitute novel, sustainable solution with considerable potential effluent separation. present review offers an overview wastewater, describing current trends latest applications. This also points further research needs major concerns, especially regards sustainability, discusses biotechnological

Language: Английский

Citations

146
A Review of PFAS Destruction Technologies DOI Open Access
Jay N. Meegoda, Bruno Bezerra de Souza,

Melissa Monteiro Casarini

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(24), P. 16397 - 16397

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a family of highly toxic emerging contaminants that have caught the attention both public private sectors due to their adverse health impacts on society. The scientific community has been laboriously working two fronts: (1) adapting already existing effective technologies in destroying organic for PFAS remediation (2) developing new remediate PFAS. A common characteristic areas is separation/removal PFASs from other or media, followed by destruction. widely adopted separation can remove being contact with humans; however, they remain environment continue pose risks. On hand, destructive discussed here effectively destroy compounds fully address society's urgent need this harmful chemical compounds. This review reports compare accepted as well destruction technologies. Some presented still under development at lab scale, while others tested field.

Language: Английский

Citations

85
Effective PFAS degradation by electrochemical oxidation methods-recent progress and requirement DOI
Maryam Mirabediny, Jun Sun, Tsz Tin Yu

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 321, P. 138109 - 138109

Published: Feb. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Estimated scale of costs to remove PFAS from the environment at current emission rates DOI
Alison L. Ling

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170647 - 170647

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

16
A Review on Removal and Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Novel Membranes DOI Creative Commons
Suman Das, Avner Ronen

Membranes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 662 - 662

Published: June 27, 2022

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals consisting of thousands individual species. PFAS consists a fully or partly fluorinated carbon-fluorine bond, which is hard to break requires high amount energy (536 kJ/mole). Resulting from their unique hydrophobic/oleophobic nature chemical mechanical stability, they highly resistant thermal, chemical, biological degradation. have been used extensively worldwide since the 1940s in various products such as non-stick household items, food-packaging, cosmetics, electronics, firefighting foams. Exposure may lead health issues hormonal imbalances, compromised immune system, cancer, fertility disorders, adverse effects on fetal growth learning ability children. To date, very few novel membrane approaches reported effective removing destroying PFAS. Therefore, this article provides critical review treatment removal by separation systems. We discuss recently techniques for include detailed discussion parameters affecting destruction. Moreover, an estimation cost analysis also included each technology. Additionally, technology still growing, we incorporated several future directions efficient treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

67
Application of Hydrothermal Alkaline Treatment for Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Contaminated Groundwater and Soil DOI
Shilai Hao, Youn Jeong Choi, Rula A. Deeb

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(10), P. 6647 - 6657

Published: May 6, 2022

Hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT) can effectively degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) present in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF). However, information is lacking regarding the of PFASs actual groundwater soil from AFFF-impacted sites, especially for complex matrices. Given lack studies on direct PFAS destruction, we herein applied HALT to two samples three sites characterized destruction using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results showed that 148 identified all collected field samples, including 10 cationic, 98 anionic, 40 zwitterionic PFASs, were mostly degraded nondetectable levels within 90 min when treated with 5 M NaOH at 350 °C. The near-complete defluorination, as evidenced by fluoride release measurements, confirmed complete PFASs. While many structures, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids polyfluorinated substances, readily degraded, sulfonates (PFSAs, CnF2n+1–SO3–), most notably short chain lengths (n = 3–5), more recalcitrant. Rates PFSA similar those measured laboratory water solutions, but reactions slow, presumably due base-neutralizing properties soil. Further, degradation groundwaters soils was found be a function reaction temperature, concentration, time. These findings have important implications remediation sites.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Review: Hydrothermal treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) DOI
Jianna Li, Brian R. Pinkard, Shuzhong Wang

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 307, P. 135888 - 135888

Published: Aug. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

48
PFOS destruction in a continuous supercritical water oxidation reactor DOI Creative Commons
Jianna Li, Conrad Austin, Stuart Moore

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 451, P. 139063 - 139063

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

42