The influence of mechanical ventilation and portable air cleaners upon aerosol spread in a hospital outpatients clinic
Aerosol Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 12
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
The
SARS-CoV-2
global
pandemic
has
highlighted
the
risk
of
nosocomial
infections
airborne
viruses
to
patient
populations
around
world.
Increased
use
mechanical
ventilation
and
portable
air
cleaners
(PACs)
have
been
suggested
as
methods
mitigate
this
risk,
but
introduction
new
flows
indoor
areas
can
complex
potentially
unforeseen
consequences.
We
used
particle
counters
investigate
effect
using
built-in
and/or
PACs
in
a
typical
hospital
outpatients'
clinic
upon
spread
aerosols
produced
by
an
aerosol
generator.
A
variety
scenarios
was
investigated,
examining
movement
neighboring
room,
throughout
whole
clinic,
from
one
room
another
at
far
side
clinic.
Whilst
both
may
reduce
migration
some
up
96%,
same
lead
unexpectedly
increased
29%
between
rooms,
supply
increase
across
5.5
times.
These
increases
are
most
likely
due
outlets
these
devices,
providing
with
enough
momentum
traverse
distance
relatively
remote
locations
or
creating
recirculation
regions
that
pull
out
push
them
into
another.
Accordingly,
order
effectively
deploy
useful
mitigations
their
full
potential
not
simply
displace
infection,
careful
consideration
placement
resultant
flow
dynamics
is
required.
Language: Английский
Ultra-scaled deep learning temperature reconstruction in turbulent airflow ventilation
Physics of Fluids,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(6)
Published: June 1, 2024
A
deep
learning
super-resolution
scheme
is
proposed
to
reconstruct
a
coarse,
turbulent
temperature
field
into
detailed,
continuous
field.
The
fluid
mechanics
application
here
refers
an
airflow
ventilation
process
in
indoor
setting.
Large
eddy
simulations
are
performed
from
dense
simulation
grid
and
provide
data
two-dimensional
images.
images
fed
flow
reconstruction
model
after
being
scaled
down
100
times.
Training
testing
on
these
images,
the
learns
map
such
highly
coarse
fields
their
high-resolution
counterparts.
This
computational,
approach
mimics
of
employing
sparse
sensor
measurements
trying
upscale
Notably,
achieves
high
performance
when
input
by
5–20
times
original
dimension,
acceptable
30,
poor
at
higher
scales.
peak
signal-to-noise
ratio,
structure
similarity
index,
relative
error
between
reconstructed
output
given
compared
common
image
processing
techniques,
as
linear
bicubic
interpolation.
pipeline
suggests
high-performance
platform
that
calculates
spatial
values
can
bypass
installation
wide
array,
making
it
cost-effective
solution
for
relevant
applications.
Language: Английский
The corridor effect in droplet and aerosol pathogens transmission
Physics of Fluids,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
37(3)
Published: March 1, 2025
This
study
investigates
the
effect
of
natural
ventilation
on
distribution
airborne
pathogens
in
narrow,
low-ceiling
corridors
typical
hotels,
offices,
or
cruise
ships.
Two
scenarios
are
examined:
a
milder
cough
at
6
m/s
and
stronger
12
m/s.
A
reference
baseline
case
with
no
airflow
is
compared
to
cases
featuring
an
incoming
velocity
1
(3.6
km/h),
examining
differences
dispersal
respiratory
droplets
from
two
individuals
coughing
spaced
5
meters
apart.
Both
direction
airflow,
assuming
one-way
traffic
minimize
pathogen
transmission.
Findings
indicate
that
accelerates
past
door,
exceeding
3
m/s,
gusts
reaching
4
due
interaction
recirculation
zones.
acceleration
affects
droplet
dispersal.
Larger
(>150
μm)
maintain
ballistic
trajectory,
traveling
2–4
m,
potentially
increasing
transmission
risk
but
suggesting
5-m
distancing
policy
could
suffice
for
protection.
Smaller
(<150
μm),
especially
those
<100μm,
spread
extensively
regardless
strength
while
containing
most
viral
mass
overall.
Thus,
alone
insufficient.
The
recommends
additional
safety
measures
be
enforced,
such
as
wearing
masks,
stricter
usage
protocols
by
limiting
corridor
use
one
person
every
20–30
s,
eliminating
when
feasible
effectively
mitigate
risks
environments.
Language: Английский
The effects of ventilation layout on cough droplet dynamics relating to seasonal influenza
Physics of Fluids,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(11)
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
The
primary
aim
of
this
paper
is
to
investigate
airborne
virus
transmission
in
a
typical
meeting
room
relating
the
heating,
ventilation,
and
air
conditioning
(A.C.)
systems.
While
installation
4-way
cassette
A.C.
systems
offices
rooms
has
become
increasingly
common,
their
efficiency
mitigating
short-range
spread
remains
poorly
understood.
Addressing
gap
critical
post-pandemic
era,
where
understanding
limitations
various
ventilation
paramount
for
public
health.
We
systematically
compare
performance
A.C.,
configurations
mixing
displacement
systems,
natural
controlling
respiratory
viruses.
Our
research
uniquely
integrates
evaporation
models
accurately
simulate
cough
clouds'
multiphase
behavior
under
both
quiescent
thermally
influenced
conditions.
study
benchmarks
these
against
two
widely
recognized
standards
(i.e.,
5
changes
per
hour
10
l/s
person),
offering
evidence-based
insights
applicable
across
diverse
indoor
settings.
findings
reveal
significant
thermal
effects
case,
resulting
32.3%,
54.3%,
8.0%
axial,
vertical,
lateral
virus-laden
droplets,
respectively.
Notably,
0.5
m/s
system
demonstrated
superior
performance,
reducing
axial
by
29.6%
compared
other
mechanical
configurations.
Furthermore,
role
exhaust
outlets
or
doors
was
found
be
shaping
pattern
scenarios.
This
work
can
offer
practical
guidance
office
workers,
engineers,
health
officials
on
enhancing
infection
control.
Language: Английский
Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Transmission on Cruise Ships Using Fuzzy Rules
IFIP advances in information and communication technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 336 - 348
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Sensor-Based Fuzzy Inference of COVID-19 Transmission Risk in Cruise Ships
Studies in health technology and informatics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 22, 2024
Cruise
ships
are
densely
populated
ecosystems
where
infectious
diseases
can
spread
rapidly.
Hence,
early
detection
of
infected
individuals
and
risk
assessment
(RA)
the
disease
transmissibility
critical.
Recent
studies
have
investigated
long-term
transmission
on
cruise
ships;
however,
short-term
approaches
limited
by
data
unavailability.
To
this
end,
work
proposes
a
novel
knowledge-based
method
for
RA
based
fuzzy
rules.
These
rules
constructed
using
knowledge
elicited
from
domain
experts.
In
contrast
to
previous
approaches,
proposed
considers
captured
several
sensors
ship
information
system,
according
recently
smart
design.
Evaluation
with
agent-based
simulations
confirms
effectiveness
across
various
cases.
Language: Английский