The global distribution of seagrass meadows

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 074041 - 074041

Published: March 5, 2020

Abstract Seagrass meadows globally are under pressure with worldwide loss and degradation, but there is a growing recognition of the global importance seagrass ecosystem services, particularly as major carbon sink fisheries habitat. Estimates spatial distribution differ greatly throughout published literature, ranging from 177 000 to 600 km 2 models suggesting potential an order magnitude higher. The requirements Paris Climate Agreement by outlining National Determined Contributions (NDC’s) reduce emissions placing increased focus on extent, restoration meadows. Now more than ever need provide accurate consistent measure seagrass. There also be able assess spread other services in their extension, values these services. In this study, rationalising updating range existing datasets around globe, we have estimated Moderate High confidence area date 160 387 , possibly 266 562 lower confidence. We break estimate down national level detailed analysis current state mapped estimates per country. Accurate estimates, however, challenged large areas remaining unmapped inconsistent measures being used. Through examination maps, propose pathway forward for improving mapping important resource. More #seagrass distribution, critical assessing trends

Language: Английский

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The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements

Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Abstract The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network is expected to integrate the terrestrial, aerial, and maritime communications into a robust which would be more reliable, fast, can support massive number of devices with ultra-low latency requirements. researchers around globe are proposing cutting edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML), quantum communication/quantum machine (QML), blockchain, tera-Hertz millimeter waves communication, tactile Internet, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), small cells fog/edge computing, etc., key in realization beyond 5G (B5G) 6G communications. In this article, we provide detailed overview dimensions air interface associated potential technologies. More specifically, highlight use cases applications proposed networks various dimensions. Furthermore, also discuss performance indicators (KPI) for B5G/6G network, challenges, future research opportunities domain.

Language: Английский

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Remote sensing of shallow waters – A 50 year retrospective and future directions

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 240, P. 111619 - 111619

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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UAV remote sensing applications in marine monitoring: Knowledge visualization and review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 838, P. 155939 - 155939

Published: May 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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The Drone Revolution of Shark Science: A Review

Drones, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 8 - 8

Published: Jan. 21, 2021

Over the past decade, drones have become a popular tool for wildlife management and research. Drones shown significant value animals that were often difficult or dangerous to study using traditional survey methods. In five years drone technology has commonplace shark research with their use above, more recently, below water helping minimise knowledge gaps about these cryptic species. enhanced our understanding of behaviour are critically important tools, not only due importance conservation in ecosystem, but also help encounters humans. To provide some guidance future relation sharks, this review provides an overview how currently used critical context monitoring. We show been fill around fundamental behaviours movements, social interactions, predation across multiple species scenarios. further detail advancement sensors, automation, artificial intelligence improving abilities data collection analysis opening opportunities shark-related beach safety. An investigation shark-based potential underwater (ROV/AUV) is provided. Finally, baseline observations pioneered recommendations might be enhance future.

Language: Английский

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Deep learning for visual recognition and detection of aquatic animals: A review

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 409 - 433

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

Abstract The ocean is an important ecosystem, and aquatic animals play role in the biological world, especially aquaculture. How to accurately intelligently recognise detect one of urgent problems field underwater detection. wide applications artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), provide new opportunities challenges for efficient intelligent exploration animals. DL has been widely used visual recognition detection terrestrial animals, but it early stages use due complexity environment difficulty data acquisition. Here, this article reviews current application status potential future directions. key advances algorithms applied are generalised, including datasets, performance. summarised image detection, video species classification, biomass estimation, behaviour analysis food safety. Furthermore, summed up classified object domain Finally, further research direction discussed conclusions drawn. will help excavate extend marine exploration.

Language: Английский

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Riverine Plastic Litter Monitoring Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(17), P. 2045 - 2045

Published: Aug. 30, 2019

Plastic debris has become an abundant pollutant in marine, coastal and riverine environments, posing a large threat to aquatic life. Effective measures mitigate prevent marine plastic pollution require thorough understanding of its origin eventual fate. Several models have estimated that land-based sources are the main source pollution, although field data substantiate these estimates remain limited. Current methodologies measure transport availability infrastructure accessible riverbanks, but, obtain measurements on higher spatial temporal scale, new monitoring methods required. This paper presents methodology for quantifying using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), including first application Klang River, Malaysia. Additional were done parallel with UAV-based approach make comparisons between two methods. The spatiotemporal distribution plastics obtained both show similar patterns variations. With this, we promising alternative currently available approaches transport, especially remote inaccessible areas.

Language: Английский

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Operational Protocols for the Use of Drones in Marine Animal Research

Drones, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 64 - 64

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

The use of drones to study marine animals shows promise for the examination numerous aspects their ecology, behaviour, health and movement patterns. However, responses some phyla presence varies broadly, as do general operational protocols used them. Inconsistent methodological approaches could lead difficulties comparing studies can call into question repeatability research. This review draws on current literature researchers with a wealth practical experience outline idiosyncrasies studying various taxa drones. We also best practice drone operation in environments based our field. outlined herein will be interested incorporating tool research help form consistent drone-based future.

Language: Английский

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Accuracy of sand beach topography surveying by drones and photogrammetry

Geo-Marine Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(2), P. 255 - 268

Published: Jan. 23, 2020

Abstract Beaches are characterized by high morphodynamic activity, and high-frequency measurements needed to understand their states rates of change. Ideally, beach survey methods should be at once accurate, rapid low-cost. Recently, unmanned aerial systems (drones) have been increasingly utilized measure topography. In this paper, we present a review the state art in drones photogrammetry for surveys respective achieved measurement quality (where reported). We then show how with minimal configuration low-cost setup can meet accuracy rapidity required surveys. To test drone ground control point configuration, used consumer-grade equipment perform same flight path different cameras altitudes. produce digital elevation models beach. Using GNSS-RTK system, collected 2950 independent points evaluate models. Results that, few potential sources uncertainties final model taken into account, average RMSE(z) was ~5 cm, efficiency ca. 3 m 2 min −1 . Digital times were calculate before–after sediment budget following storm that hit sandy coast Sylt Island German North Sea coast.

Language: Английский

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Assessing variation in assemblages of large marine fauna off ocean beaches using drones

Marine and Freshwater Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 68 - 68

Published: Jan. 21, 2019

The turbulent waters off ocean beaches provide habitat for large marine fauna, including dolphins, sharks, rays, turtles and game fish. Although, historically, these assemblages have proven difficult to quantify, we used a new drone-based approach assess spatial temporal variation in of fauna four exposed New South Wales, Australia. In total, 4388 individual animals were identified from 216 drone flights. most common taxa, bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) Australian cownose rays (Rhinoptera neglecta), occurred 25.5 19.9% flights respectively. White (Carcharodon carcharias), bull (Carcharhinus leucas) other whaler sharks observed <1% There was significant the structure among beaches, with those adjacent riverine estuaries having greater richness abundance wildlife. Overall, surveys successful documenting spatio-temporal dynamics an impressive suite fauna. We contend that emerging technology can make valuable contribution ecological information required ensure long-term sustainability sandy-beach ecosystems associated

Language: Английский

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