Current Opinion in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2012,
Volume and Issue:
26(1), P. 45 - 51
Published: Dec. 19, 2012
The
discovery
of
a
new
class
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
revealed
their
superior
role
for
various
nonvisual
biological
functions,
including
the
pupil
light
reflex,
and
circadian
photoentrainment.Recent
works
have
identified
characterized
several
anatomically
functionally
distinct
ipRGC
subtypes
added
strong
evidence
accessory
ipRGCs
in
visual
system
humans.This
review
summarizes
current
concepts
related
to
morphology,
central
connections
behavioural
functions
highlights
recent
studies
having
clinical
relevance
ipRGCs.
Clinical
implications
melanopsin
are
widespread,
particularly
as
chronobiology.
Stress,
Journal Year:
2013,
Volume and Issue:
16(5), P. 483 - 492
Published: June 27, 2013
The
cortisol
awakening
response
(CAR)
is
a
much
studied
but
poorly
understood
aspect
of
the
circadian
pattern
secretion.
A
Scopus
search
"cortisol"
and
"awakening"
reveals
666
publications
in
this
area
since
1997
when
it
was
first
identified
by
Pruessner
colleagues
as
"reliable
biomarker
adrenocortical
activity".
primary
focus
majority
these
studies
centered
on
its
utility
associated
with
range
psychosocial,
physical
mental
health
variables.
Such
typically
examine
differences
CAR
(studied
1
or
2
days)
between
healthy
participants
other
comparator
groups
interest.
Fewer
(25
our
estimation)
have
examined
correlates
day-to-day
variation
participants,
informing
role
regulation
within
This
review
to
which,
although
limited
number,
offer
relatively
coherent
emerging
story
about
state
factors
that
influence
impact
daily
functioning.
Greater
understanding
issues
helps
illuminate
promising
psychophysiological
epidemiological
research.
also
highlights
areas
require
greater
clarification
points
potentially
fruitful
further
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
111(16), P. 6087 - 6091
Published: March 10, 2014
Significance
Light
is
a
powerful
stimulant
for
human
alertness
and
cognition
that
can
be
easily
administered
to
improve
performance
or
counteract
the
negative
impact
of
sleepiness,
even
during
day.
Here,
we
show
prior
exposure
longer
wavelength
light
(orange),
relative
shorter
(blue),
enhances
subsequent
on
executive
brain
responses.
These
findings
emphasize
importance
cognitive
function
constitute
compelling
evidence
in
favor
role
melanopsin.
This
recently
discovered
photopigment
may
therefore
provide
unique
form
“photic
memory”
play
broader
than
previously
apprehended.
Ultimately,
these
support
idea
integration
over
long
periods
time
help
optimize
function.
Current Opinion in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2012,
Volume and Issue:
26(1), P. 45 - 51
Published: Dec. 19, 2012
The
discovery
of
a
new
class
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
revealed
their
superior
role
for
various
nonvisual
biological
functions,
including
the
pupil
light
reflex,
and
circadian
photoentrainment.Recent
works
have
identified
characterized
several
anatomically
functionally
distinct
ipRGC
subtypes
added
strong
evidence
accessory
ipRGCs
in
visual
system
humans.This
review
summarizes
current
concepts
related
to
morphology,
central
connections
behavioural
functions
highlights
recent
studies
having
clinical
relevance
ipRGCs.
Clinical
implications
melanopsin
are
widespread,
particularly
as
chronobiology.
