Spatial and temporal variation in plant hydraulic traits and their relevance for climate change impacts on vegetation

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 205(3), P. 1008 - 1014

Published: July 2, 2014

Summary Plant hydraulics mediate terrestrial woody plant productivity, influencing global water, carbon, and biogeochemical cycles, as well ecosystem vulnerability to drought climate change. While inter‐specific differences in hydraulic traits are widely documented, intra‐specific variability is less known important for predicting change impacts. Here, I present a conceptual framework this trait variability, reviewing the mechanisms that drive consequences vegetation response performed meta‐analysis on published studies ( n = 33) of variation prominent – water potential at which 50% stem conductivity lost (P50) compared within genera functional types used by dynamic model. found ecologically relevant magnitudes, equivalent c . 33% genus, larger angiosperms than gymnosperms, although limited number highlights more research greatly needed. Furthermore, were poorly situated capture key across species, indicating need approach prediction impacts from trait‐based, rather type‐based perspective.

Language: Английский

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Scaling from Traits to Ecosystems

Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 249 - 318

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Fitness of multidimensional phenotypes in dynamic adaptive landscapes

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 487 - 496

Published: June 30, 2015

Language: Английский

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The compadrePlant Matrix Database: an open online repository for plant demography

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 103(1), P. 202 - 218

Published: Nov. 9, 2014

Summary Schedules of survival, growth and reproduction are key life‐history traits. Data on how these traits vary among species populations fundamental to our understanding the ecological conditions that have shaped plant evolution. Because demographic schedules determine population or decline, such data help us understand different biomes shape ecology, communities respond global change develop successful management tools for endangered invasive species. Matrix models summarize life cycle components reproduction, while explicitly acknowledging heterogeneity classes individuals in population. comparable structures, their emergent measures dynamics, as rate mean expectancy, direct biological interpretations, facilitating comparisons Thousands matrix been parameterized from empirical data, but they largely dispersed through peer‐reviewed grey literature, thus remain inaccessible synthetic analysis. Here, we introduce compadre Plant M atrix D atabase version 3.0, an open‐source online repository containing 468 studies 598 world‐wide (672 hits, when accounting studied more than one source), with a total 5621 matrices. also contains relevant ancillary information (e.g. ecoregion, form, taxonomy, phylogeny) facilitates interpretation numerous metrics can be derived Synthesis . Large collections allow broad questions addressed at scale, example, genetics ( genbank ), functional ecology try, bien, d3 ) grassland community nutnet ). present , similarly data‐rich ecologically resource demography. Open access this information, its frequent updates integration other resources will researchers address timely important evolutionary questions.

Language: Английский

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Intraspecific trait variation in plants: a renewed focus on its role in ecological processes

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127(4), P. 397 - 410

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Investigating the causes and consequences of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants is not novel, as it has long been recognized that such shapes biotic abiotic interactions. While evolutionary population biology have extensively investigated ITV, only last 10 years interest ITV surged within community comparative ecology.

Language: Английский

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An ecological future for weed science to sustain crop production and the environment. A review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(4)

Published: July 8, 2020

Abstract Sustainable strategies for managing weeds are critical to meeting agriculture’s potential feed the world’s population while conserving ecosystems and biodiversity on which we depend. The dominant paradigm of weed management in developed countries is currently founded two principal tools herbicides tillage remove weeds. However, evidence negative environmental impacts from both growing, herbicide resistance increasingly prevalent. These challenges emerge a lack attention how interact with regulated by agroecosystem as whole. Novel technological proposed control, such new herbicides, gene editing, seed destructors, do not address these systemic thus unlikely provide truly sustainable solutions. Combining multiple techniques an Integrated Weed Management strategy step forward, but many integrated still remain overly reliant too few tools. In contrast, advances ecology revealing wealth options manage at level that, rather than aiming eradicate weeds, act regulate populations limit their diversity. Here, review current state knowledge identify this can be translated into practical management. major points following: (1) diversity type crops, actions limiting resources manipulated competitiveness promoting diversity; (2) contrast tools, ecological approaches tend synergistic other functions; (3) there existing practices compatible approach that could systems, alongside explore. Overall, demonstrates integrating systems-level thinking agronomic decision-making offers best route achieving

Language: Английский

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Within‐species patterns challenge our understanding of the leaf economics spectrum

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 734 - 744

Published: March 23, 2018

The utility of plant functional traits for predictive ecology relies on our ability to interpret trait variation across multiple taxonomic and ecological scales. Using extensive data sets within species, species communities, we analysed whether at what scales leaf economics spectrum (LES) show predicted trait-trait covariation. We found that most in LES is often, but not universally, high levels (between families or genera a family). However, covariation shows distinct scale dependence, with some correlations showing opposite signs vs. species. responded independently environmental gradients few shared responses conclude that, small scales, plasticity may obscure reverse the broad evolutionary linkages between traits, meaning cannot always be interpreted as differences resource use strategy.

Language: Английский

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Adjustments and coordination of hydraulic, leaf and stem traits along a water availability gradient

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 223(2), P. 632 - 646

Published: Jan. 13, 2019

Trait variability in space and time allows plants to adjust changing environmental conditions. However, we know little about how this is distributed coordinated at different organizational levels. For six dominant tree species northeastern Spain (three Fagaceae three Pinaceae) quantified the inter- intraspecific of a set traits along water availability gradient. We measured leaf mass per area (LMA), nitrogen (N) concentration, carbon isotope composition leaves (δ13 C), stem wood density, Huber value (Hv, ratio cross-sectional sapwood area), sapwood-specific leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity, vulnerability xylem embolism (P50 ) turgor loss point (Ptlp ). Differences between families explained largest amount for most traits, although was also relevant. Species occupying wetter sites showed higher N, P50 Ptlp , lower LMA, δ13 C Hv. when trait relationships with were assessed within they held only Hv . Overall, our results indicate that adjustments gradient relied primarily on changes resource allocation relations.

Language: Английский

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Will among‐population variation in seed traits improve the chance of species persistence under climate change?

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 12 - 24

Published: Oct. 10, 2014

Abstract Aim Seed traits related to recruitment have direct relevance for plant fitness and persistence. Trait variation in time among populations may increase species resilience ultimately reduce the risk of extinction. However, patterns among‐population critical remain poorly known are often disregarded when considering extinction under future climates. Location Global. Methods In this paper we review synthesize current knowledge about physiological morphological recruitment. We outline consequences that persistence climate change, discuss implications conservation, management restoration. Results The evaluated studies provide compelling evidence underpinning seedling emergence, growth establishment is widespread. Contrary expectations, environmental gradients do not appear be reliable predictors responses individualistic. Likewise, well‐established cross‐species consistently reflected within a species. As pattern unpredictable, cannot make simple generalizations how allocated across geographic ranges or extent versus fixed genetic differences. Nor these clearly elucidate potential mitigate negative effects change. Main conclusions If ignore seed traits, assume it will follow clines, so at our own peril. such an approach likely include biased forecasts range dynamics, hindering identification material most appropriate restoration management. Further research integrates ecology emerging evolutionary techniques identify distribution foundation mechanisms driving them urgently required guide maintenance systems face rapidly changing

Language: Английский

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COMADRE: a global data base of animal demography

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 85(2), P. 371 - 384

Published: Jan. 27, 2016

Summary The open‐data scientific philosophy is being widely adopted and proving to promote considerable progress in ecology evolution. Open‐data global data bases now exist on animal migration, species distribution, conservation status, etc. However, a gap exists for population dynamics spanning the rich diversity of kingdom world‐wide. This information fundamental our understanding conditions that have shaped variation life histories their relationships with environment, as well determinants invasion extinction. Matrix models ( MPM s) are among most used demographic tools by ecologists. s project based reproduction, survival development individuals over cycle. outputs from direct biological interpretations, facilitating comparisons different Caenorhabditis elegans , Loxodonta africana Homo sapiens . Thousands records form s, but they dispersed throughout literature, rendering comparative analyses difficult. Here, we introduce COMADRE Animal Database, an online repository, which its version 1.0.0 contains 345 world‐wide, 402 studies total 1625 projection matrices. also ancillary (e.g. ecoregion, taxonomy, biogeography, etc.) facilitates interpretation numerous metrics can be derived s. We provide R code some these examples. Synthesis : resource demography. Its nature, together information, will facilitate analysis, growing availability databases focusing other aspects diversity, query combine them. Through future frequent updates integration resources, encourage ecologists tackle ecological evolutionary questions unprecedented sample size.

Language: Английский

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