A unifying framework for studying and managing climate-driven rates of ecological change

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 17 - 26

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Combining marine macroecology and palaeoecology in understanding biodiversity: microfossils as a model

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 199 - 215

Published: Sept. 30, 2015

There is growing interest in the integration of macroecology and palaeoecology towards a better understanding past, present, anticipated future biodiversity dynamics. However, empirical basis for this has thus far been limited. Here we review prospects macroecology–palaeoecology analyses with focus on marine microfossils [i.e. small (or parts of) organisms high fossilization potential, such as foraminifera, ostracodes, diatoms, radiolaria, coccolithophores, dinoflagellates, ichthyoliths]. Marine represent useful model system integrative research because their abundance, large spatiotemporal coverage, good taxonomic temporal resolution. The microfossil record allows quantitative cross-scale designs, which help answering fundamental questions about biodiversity, including causes behind similarities patterns latitudinal longitudinal variation across taxa, degree constancy observed gradients over time, relative importance hypothesized drivers that may explain past or present patterns. inclusion deep-time perspective based high-resolution records be an important step further maturation macroecology. An improved would aid our balance ecological evolutionary mechanisms have shaped biosphere inhabit today affect how it change future.

Language: Английский

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Recommendations for the Next Generation of Global Freshwater Biological Monitoring Tools

Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 615 - 636

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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Establishing the ecological basis for conservation of shallow marine life using Reef Life Survey

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 252, P. 108855 - 108855

Published: Nov. 5, 2020

Language: Английский

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The Anthropocene: a conspicuous stratigraphical signal of anthropogenic changes in production and consumption across the biosphere

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 34 - 53

Published: Feb. 3, 2016

Abstract Biospheric relationships between production and consumption of biomass have been resilient to changes in the Earth system over billions years. This relationship has increased its complexity, from localized ecosystems predicated on anaerobic microbial a global biosphere founded primary oxygenic photoautotrophs, through evolution Eukarya, metazoans, complexly networked microbes, animals, fungi, plants that characterize Phanerozoic Eon (the last ∼541 million years history). At present, one species, Homo sapiens , is refashioning this with unknown consequences. left distinctive stratigraphy biomass, natural resources, produced goods. can be traced stone tool technologies geochemical signals, later unfolding into diachronous signal technofossils human bioturbation across planet, leading stratigraphically almost isochronous signals developing by mid‐20th century. These latter may provide an invaluable resource for informing constraining formal Anthropocene chronostratigraphy, but are perhaps yet more important as tracers state characterized geologically unprecedented pattern energy flow now pervasively influenced mediated humans, which necessary maintaining complexity modern societies.

Language: Английский

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Temporal changes in spatial variation: partitioning the extinction and colonisation components of beta diversity

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 1063 - 1072

Published: March 14, 2021

Abstract The last two decades have witnessed unprecedented changes in beta diversity, the spatial variation species composition, from local to global scales. However, analytical challenges hampered empirical ecologists quantifying extinction and colonisation processes behind these changing diversity patterns. Here, we develop a novel numerical method additively partition temporal into components that reflect extinctions colonisations. By applying this datasets, revealed spatiotemporal community dynamics were otherwise undetectable. In mature forests, found resulted tree communities becoming more spatially heterogeneous, while colonisations simultaneously caused them homogenise. coral communities, detected non‐random disassembly reassembly following an environmental perturbation, with temporally varying balance between Partitioning dynamic underlie can provide mechanistic insights organisation of biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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What is conservation paleobiology? Tracking 20 years of research and development

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Conservation paleobiology has coalesced over the last two decades since its formal coining, united by goal of applying geohistorical records to inform conservation, management, and restoration biodiversity ecosystem services. Yet, field is still attempting form an identity distinct from academic roots. Here, we ask a deceptively simple question: What conservation paleobiology? To track development as field, synthesize complementary perspectives survey scientific community that familiar with systematic literature review publications use term. We present overview paleobiology’s research scope compare participants’ perceptions what it should be field. find paleobiologists variety data in their work, although typified near-time marine molluscs terrestrial mammals collected local regional spatial scales. Our results also confirm field’s broad disciplinary basis: participants indicated can incorporate information wide range disciplines spanning biology, ecology, historical paleontology, archaeology. Finally, show have yet reach consensus on how applied practice. The revealed many thought more but most do not currently engage Reflecting developed decades, discuss opportunities promote cohesion, strengthen collaborations within science, align training priorities continues crystallize.

Language: Английский

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Resilient biotic response to long‐term climate change in the Adriatic Sea

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(13), P. 4041 - 4053

Published: April 12, 2022

Abstract Preserving adaptive capacities of coastal ecosystems, which are currently facing the ongoing climate warming and a multitude other anthropogenic impacts, requires an understanding long‐term biotic dynamics in context major environmental shifts prior to human disturbances. We quantified responses nearshore mollusk assemblages sea‐level changes using 223 samples (~71,300 specimens) retrieved from latest Quaternary sediment cores Adriatic systems. These provide rare chance study systems that existed during glacial lowstands. The fossil record indicates penultimate interglacial (Late Pleistocene) shifted their faunal composition subsequent ice age, then reassembled again with return Holocene. point climate‐driven habitat filtering modulated by dispersal processes. resilient, rather than persistent or stochastic, response over at least 125 thousand years highlights historically unprecedented nature stressors (e.g., pollution, eutrophication, bottom trawling, invasive species) shifting regions into novel system states far outside range natural variability archived record.

Language: Английский

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Mass extinctions and their rebounds: a macroevolutionary framework

Paleobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Abstract Mass extinctions are natural experiments on the short- and long-term consequences of pushing biotas past breaking points, often with lasting effects structure function biodiversity. General properties mass extinctions—exceptionally severe, taxonomically broad, global losses taxa—are starting to come into focus through comparisons among dimensions biodiversity, including morphological, functional, phylogenetic diversity. Notably, functional diversity tends persist despite severe taxonomic diversity, whereas taxic morphological may or not be coupled. One biggest challenges in synthesizing extracting general these events has been that they driven by multiple, interacting pressures, taxa their traits vary events, making it difficult link single stressors specific traits. Ongoing improvements stratigraphic resolution for multiple clades will sharpen tests selectivity help isolate hitchhiking effects, whereby organismal carried differential survival extinction owing other higher-level attributes, such as geographic-range size. Direct comparative analyses across also clarify impacts particular drivers taxa, traits, morphologies. It is just filter deserves attention, longer-term impact derives part from ensuing rebounds. More work needed uncover biotic abiotic circumstances spur some re-diversification while relegating others marginal shares Combined insights filters rebounds bring a macroevolutionary view approaching biodiversity crisis Anthropocene, helping pinpoint clades, groups, morphologies most vulnerable failed

Language: Английский

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A nineteenth- and twentieth-century reproductive regime shift in benthic foraminifera from the Santa Barbara Basin, California

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2045)

Published: April 1, 2025

Long-term records that span the past several centuries and capture within-population variation are critical for distinguishing ephemeral ecosystem changes from regime shifts. Using an approximately 2 kyr record of reproductive life history central Santa Barbara Basin, we examined population trends in mode accumulation rate (i.e. output) across four species biserial benthic foraminiferan genus Bolivina. Bolivina populations were consistently dominated by asexually produced individuals until mid-nineteenth century, after which they exhibit increase variance a decrease mean proportion individuals. At same time, underwent order-of-magnitude decline rate. The magnitude persistence these suggest nineteenth twentieth represent life-history shift. compounding effects anthropogenic impacts long-term California Current System (such as heightened deoxygenation altered sedimentation regimes) may have pushed Basin towards increased investment sexual reproduction.

Language: Английский

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