Cells,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
8(9), P. 1083 - 1083
Published: Sept. 14, 2019
Initially
believed
to
be
a
disease
of
deregulated
cellular
and
genetic
expression,
cancer
is
now
also
considered
the
tumor
microenvironment.
Over
past
two
decades,
significant
rapid
progress
has
been
made
understand
complexity
microenvironment
its
contribution
shaping
response
various
anti-cancer
therapies,
including
immunotherapy.
Nevertheless,
it
become
clear
that
one
main
hallmarks
cancer.
Therefore,
major
challenge
identify
key
druggable
factors
pathways
in
can
manipulated
improve
efficacy
current
therapies.
Among
different
microenvironmental
factors,
this
review
will
focus
on
hypoxia
as
process
evolved
We
briefly
describe
our
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
by
which
negatively
affects
immunity
shapes
anti-tumor
immune
response.
believe
such
provide
insight
into
therapeutic
value
targeting
assist
design
innovative
combination
approaches
Science,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
352(6282), P. 175 - 180
Published: April 7, 2016
Metastatic
disease
is
the
leading
cause
of
cancer-related
deaths
and
involves
critical
interactions
between
tumor
cells
microenvironment.
Hypoxia
a
potent
microenvironmental
factor
promoting
metastatic
progression.
Clinically,
hypoxia
expression
hypoxia-inducible
transcription
factors
HIF-1
HIF-2
are
associated
with
increased
distant
metastasis
poor
survival
in
variety
types.
Moreover,
HIF
signaling
malignant
influences
multiple
steps
within
cascade.
Here
we
review
research
focused
on
elucidating
mechanisms
by
which
hypoxic
microenvironment
promotes
These
studies
have
identified
potential
biomarkers
therapeutic
targets
regulated
that
could
be
incorporated
into
strategies
aimed
at
preventing
treating
disease.
Cancer Discovery,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 933 - 959
Published: April 1, 2021
Abstract
Strategies
to
therapeutically
target
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
approach
for
cancer
treatment
in
recent
years
due
critical
roles
of
TME
regulating
progression
and
modulating
response
standard-of-care
therapies.
Here,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
regarding
most
advanced
TME-directed
therapies,
which
either
been
clinically
approved
or
are
currently
being
evaluated
trials,
including
immunotherapies,
antiangiogenic
drugs,
treatments
directed
against
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
extracellular
matrix.
We
also
discuss
some
challenges
associated
with
future
perspectives
this
evolving
field.
Significance:
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
therapies
targeting
TME,
combining
discussion
underlying
basic
biology
clinical
evaluation
different
therapeutic
approaches,
highlighting
perspectives.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
113(14)
Published: March 21, 2016
Significance
Pluripotency
factors,
such
as
NANOG,
play
a
critical
role
in
the
maintenance
and
specification
of
cancer
stem
cells,
which
are
required
for
primary
tumor
formation
metastasis.
In
this
study,
we
report
that
exposure
breast
cells
to
hypoxia
(i.e.,
reduced
O
2
availability),
is
feature
microenvironment,
induces
N
6
-methyladenosine
(m
A)
demethylation
stabilization
NANOG
mRNA,
thereby
promoting
cell
(BCSC)
phenotype.
We
show
inhibiting
expression
AlkB
homolog
5
(ALKBH5),
demethylates
m
A,
or
hypoxia-inducible
factors
(HIFs)
HIF-1α
HIF-2α,
activate
ALKBH5
gene
transcription
hypoxic
an
effective
strategy
decrease
target
BCSCs
vivo.
Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
276(1), P. 145 - 164
Published: March 1, 2017
Summary
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
including
those
targeting
CTLA
‐4/B7
and
the
PD
‐1/
‐L1
inhibitory
pathways,
are
now
available
for
clinical
use
in
cancer
patients,
with
other
interesting
inhibitors
being
currently
development.
Most
of
these
have
purpose
to
promote
adaptive
T
cell‐mediated
immunity
against
cancer.
Here,
we
review
another
acting
potentiate
activity
innate
immune
cells
towards
This
is
composed
what
has
become
known
as
‘don't‐eat
me’
signal
CD
47,
which
a
protein
broadly
expressed
on
normal
often
overexpressed
cells,
its
counter‐receptor,
myeloid
immunoreceptor
SIRP
α.
Blocking
47‐
α
interactions
been
shown
destruction
by
phagocytes,
macrophages
neutrophils.
Furthermore,
there
growing
evidence
that
axis
may
also
antigen‐presenting
cell
function
thereby
stimulate
anti‐cancer
immunity.
The
development
potential
side
effects
discussed.
Collectively,
this
identifies
promising
cancer,
data
first
studies
expected
within
coming
years,
an
exciting
rapidly
developing
field.
