Phytochemical diversity impacts herbivory in a tropical rainforest tree community DOI Open Access
Xuezhao Wang,

Yunyun He,

Brian E. Sedio

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 1898 - 1910

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Metabolomics provides an unprecedented window into diverse plant secondary metabolites that represent a potentially critical niche dimension in tropical forests underlying species coexistence. Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to evaluate chemical composition of 358 tree and its relationship with phylogeny variation light environment, soil nutrients, insect herbivore leaf damage rainforest plot. We report no phylogenetic signal most compound classes, indicating rapid diversification metabolomes. found locally co-occurring were more chemically dissimilar than random local dispersion metabolite diversity associated lower herbivory, especially specialist herbivores. Our results highlight the role mediating plant-herbivore interactions their potential facilitate differentiation manner contributes Furthermore, our findings suggest pressure is important mechanism promoting phytochemical forests.

Language: Английский

Reintroduction of large herbivores restored plant species richness in abandoned dry temperate grassland DOI
Miroslav Dvorský, Ondřej Mudrák, Jiří Doležal

et al.

Plant Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 223(5), P. 525 - 535

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

29
The rise of hyperabundant native generalists threatens both humans and nature DOI Creative Commons
Jonathan H. Moore,

Luke Gibson,

Zachary Amir

et al.

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(5), P. 1829 - 1844

Published: June 13, 2023

ABSTRACT In many disturbed terrestrial landscapes, a subset of native generalist vertebrates thrives. The population trends these disturbance‐tolerant species may be driven by multiple factors, including habitat preferences, foraging opportunities (including crop raiding or human refuse), lower mortality when their predators are persecuted (the ‘human shield’ effect) and reduced competition due to declines disturbance‐sensitive species. A pronounced elevation in the abundance wildlife can drive numerous cascading impacts on food webs, biodiversity, vegetation structure people coupled human–natural systems. There is also concern for increased risk zoonotic disease transfer humans domestic animals from with high pathogen loads as proximity increases. Here we use field data 58 landscapes document supra‐regional phenomenon hyperabundance community dominance Southeast Asian wild pigs macaques. These two groups were chosen prime candidates capable reaching they edge adapted, gregarious social structure, omnivorous diets, rapid reproduction tolerance proximity. Compared intact interior forests, densities degraded forests 148% 87% higher boar macaques, respectively. >60% oil palm coverage, pig‐tailed macaque estimated abundances 337% 447% than <1% respectively, suggesting marked demographic benefits accrued calorie‐rich subsidies. was extreme forest >20% cover where pig accounted >80% independent camera trap detections, leaving <20% other 85 mammal >1 kg considered. Establishing macaques imperative since linked fauna flora local ecosystems, health, economics (i.e., losses). severity potential negative effects motivate control efforts achieve ecosystem integrity, health conservation objectives. Our review concludes that rise generalists mediated specific types degradation, which influences ecology natural areas, creating both positive detrimental ecosystems society.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Effects of grazing on grassland biomass and biodiversity: A global synthesis DOI

Fengfeng Cao,

Weibin Li,

Yuan Jiang

et al.

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 306, P. 109204 - 109204

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Limited climatic space for alternative ecosystem states in Africa DOI
Steven I. Higgins, Timo Conradi, Laurence Kruger

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6649), P. 1038 - 1042

Published: June 8, 2023

One of the foundational premises ecology is that climate determines ecosystems. This has been challenged by alternative ecosystem state models, which illustrate internal dynamics acting on initial can overwhelm influence climate, and observations suggesting cannot reliably discriminate forest savanna types. Using a novel phytoclimatic transform, estimates ability to support different types plants, we show climatic suitability for evergreen trees C4 grasses are sufficient between in Africa. Our findings reassert dominant ecosystems suggest role feedbacks causing states less prevalent than suggested.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Phytochemical diversity impacts herbivory in a tropical rainforest tree community DOI Open Access
Xuezhao Wang,

Yunyun He,

Brian E. Sedio

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 1898 - 1910

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Metabolomics provides an unprecedented window into diverse plant secondary metabolites that represent a potentially critical niche dimension in tropical forests underlying species coexistence. Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to evaluate chemical composition of 358 tree and its relationship with phylogeny variation light environment, soil nutrients, insect herbivore leaf damage rainforest plot. We report no phylogenetic signal most compound classes, indicating rapid diversification metabolomes. found locally co-occurring were more chemically dissimilar than random local dispersion metabolite diversity associated lower herbivory, especially specialist herbivores. Our results highlight the role mediating plant-herbivore interactions their potential facilitate differentiation manner contributes Furthermore, our findings suggest pressure is important mechanism promoting phytochemical forests.

Language: Английский

Citations

20