Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1511 - 1534

Published: June 25, 2020

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers invasive alien species – subset that spread widely areas where they not native, affecting environment or livelihoods increasing. Synergies with other changes exacerbating current facilitating new ones, thereby escalating extent impacts invaders. Invasions have complex often immense long‐term direct indirect impacts. In many cases, such become apparent problematic only when invaders well established large ranges. Invasive break down biogeographic realms, affect native richness abundance, increase risk extinction, genetic composition populations, change animal behaviour, alter phylogenetic diversity across communities, modify trophic networks. Many also ecosystem functioning delivery services by altering nutrient contaminant cycling, hydrology, habitat structure, disturbance regimes. These biodiversity accelerating will further future. Scientific evidence has identified policy strategies to reduce future invasions, but these insufficiently implemented. For some nations, notably Australia New Zealand, biosecurity national priority. There been successes, as eradication rats cats on islands biological control weeds continental areas. However, countries, receive little attention. Improved international cooperation is crucial biodiversity, services, livelihoods. Countries can strengthen their regulations implement enforce more effective management should address interact invasions.

Language: Английский

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Climate change effects on biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and natural resource management in the United States

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 733, P. 137782 - 137782

Published: March 11, 2020

Climate change is a pervasive and growing global threat to biodiversity ecosystems. Here, we present the most up-to-date assessment of climate impacts on biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services in U.S. implications for natural resource management. We draw from 4th National Assessment summarize observed projected changes ecosystems explore linkages important services, discuss associated challenges opportunities find that species are responding through morphology behavior, phenology, geographic range shifts, these mediated by plastic evolutionary responses. Responses populations, combined with direct effects (including more extreme events), resulting widespread productivity, interactions, vulnerability biological invasions, other emergent properties. Collectively, alter benefits can provide society. Although not all negative, even positive require costly societal adjustments. Natural managers need proactive, flexible adaptation strategies consider historical future outlooks minimize costs over long term. Many organizations beginning approaches, but implementation yet prevalent or systematic across nation.

Language: Английский

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Adjusting the lens of invasion biology to focus on the impacts of climate-driven range shifts

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 398 - 405

Published: April 30, 2020

Language: Английский

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Four priority areas to advance invasion science in the face of rapid environmental change

Environmental Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 119 - 141

Published: Dec. 7, 2020

Unprecedented rates of introduction and spread non-native species pose burgeoning challenges to biodiversity, natural resource management, regional economies, human health. Current biosecurity efforts are failing keep pace with globalization, revealing critical gaps in our understanding response invasions. Here, we identify four priority areas advance invasion science the face rapid global environmental change. First, should strive develop a more comprehensive framework for predicting how behavior, abundance, interspecific interactions vary relation conditions receiving environments these factors govern ecological impacts invasion. A second is understand potential synergistic effects multiple co-occurring stressors— particularly involving climate change—on establishment impact species. Climate adaptation mitigation strategies will need consider possible consequences promoting species, appropriate management responses be developed. The third address taxonomic impediment. ability detect evaluate risks compromised by growing deficit expertise, which cannot adequately compensated new molecular technologies alone. Management become increasingly challenging unless academia, industry, governments train employ personnel taxonomy systematics. Fourth, recommend that internationally cooperative bridgehead dispersal networks, organisms tend invade regions from locations where they have already established. Cooperation among countries eradicate or control established yield greater benefit than independent attempts individual exclude arriving establishing.

Language: Английский

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Biotic resistance to invasion is ubiquitous across ecosystems of the United States

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 476 - 482

Published: Dec. 25, 2019

Abstract The biotic resistance hypothesis predicts that diverse native communities are more resistant to invasion. However, past studies vary in their support for this due an apparent contradiction between experimental studies, which resistance, and observational find non‐native species richness positively related at broad scales (small‐scale variable). Here, we present a novel analysis of the using 24 456 observations plant spanning four community types seven ecoregions United States. Non‐native occurrence was negatively across all ecoregions, although strength varied different ecological, anthropogenic climatic contexts. Our results strongly hypothesis, thus reconciling differences providing evidence shared benefits invasive management biodiversity conservation.

Language: Английский

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Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 109175 - 109175

Published: May 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, socio-economic interests. The stages successful are driven by same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation traits influence survival reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, rapid progress field invasion science has resulted predominance species-level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective theory, local adaptation other population-level processes govern invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non-native dynamics at population level employing database European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, investigate spreading speed, abundance impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability speed trends within between biogeographic regions, indicating levels invasiveness differ markedly. Discrepancies inconsistencies risk screenings real data were also identified, highlighting inherent challenges accurately assessing effects through assessments. In recognition importance assessments, urge shift invasive management frameworks, which should account for different populations their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region-specific population-focused approach is imperative, considering diverse ecological contexts varying degrees susceptibility. Such could improve refine while promoting mechanistic understandings risks impacts, thereby enabling development more effective conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Invasive species drive cross-ecosystem effects worldwide

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 1087 - 1097

Published: March 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Risks posed by invasive species to the provision of ecosystem services in Europe

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 10, 2024

Invasive species significantly impact biodiversity and ecosystem services, yet understanding these effects at large spatial scales remains a challenge. Our study addresses this gap by assessing the current potential future risks posed 94 invasive to seven key services in Europe. We demonstrate widespread impacts, particularly on outdoor recreation, habitat maintenance, crop provisioning, soil nitrogen retention. Exposure was higher areas with lower provision of for regulating cultural services. also high where contributions retention were their highest. Notably, regions vital currently have low invasion suitability, but face an average 77% increase area. Here we show that, while high-value service highest risk represent small fraction Europe (0-13%), they are disproportionally important conservation. underscores importance monitoring protecting hotspots align management strategies international targets, considering both vulnerability sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Observed and Potential Range Shifts of Native and Nonnative Species with Climate Change

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(1), P. 23 - 40

Published: June 17, 2024

There is broad concern that the range shifts of global flora and fauna will not keep up with climate change, increasing likelihood population declines extinctions. Many populations nonnative species already have advantages over native species, including widespread human-aided dispersal release from natural enemies. But do also an advantage change? Here, we review observed potential for globally. We show are expanding their ranges orders magnitude faster than reflecting both traits enable rapid spread ongoing human-mediated introduction. further large expansions likely due to a combination introduction broader climatic tolerances. With rates larger persist or expand, decided in changing climate.

Language: Английский

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