Threats of global warming to the world’s freshwater fishes

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 15, 2021

Abstract Climate change poses a significant threat to global biodiversity, but freshwater fishes have been largely ignored in climate assessments. Here, we assess threats of future flow and water temperature extremes ~11,500 riverine fish species. In 3.2 °C warmer world (no further emission cuts after current governments’ pledges for 2030), 36% the species over half their present-day geographic range exposed climatic beyond levels. Threats are largest tropical sub-arid regions increases maximum more threatening than changes extremes. comparison, 9% projected threatened 2 world, which reduces 4% if warming is limited 1.5 °C. Our results highlight need intensify (inter)national commitments limit biodiversity be safeguarded.

Language: Английский

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More than half of data deficient species predicted to be threatened by extinction

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Abstract The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is essential for practical and theoretical efforts to protect biodiversity. However, species classified as “Data Deficient” (DD) regularly mislead practitioners due their uncertain extinction risk. Here we present machine learning-derived probabilities being threatened by 7699 DD species, comprising 17% the entire spatial datasets. Our predictions suggest that a group may in fact be more than data-sufficient species. We found 85% amphibians are likely extinction, well half many other taxonomic groups, such mammals reptiles. Consequently, our indicate that, amongst others, conservation relevance biodiversity hotspots South America boosted up 20% if were acknowledged. predicted highly variable across taxa regions, implying current List-derived indices priorities biased.

Language: Английский

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Adapting agriculture to climate change via sustainable irrigation: biophysical potentials and feedbacks

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 063008 - 063008

Published: May 27, 2022

Abstract Irrigated agriculture accounts for ∼90% of anthropogenic freshwater consumption, is deployed on 22% cultivated land, and provides 40% global food production. Expanding irrigation onto currently underperforming rainfed croplands crucial to meet future demand without further agricultural expansion associated encroachment natural ecosystems. Establishing also a potential climate adaptation solution alleviate heat- water-stress crops reduce variability extremes. Despite being one the land management practices with largest environmental hydroclimatic impacts, role adapt change achieve sustainability goals has just started be quantified. This study reviews biophysical opportunities feedbacks ‘sustainable irrigation’. I describe concept sustainable expansion—where there are increase productivity over water-limited by adopting that do not deplete stocks impair aquatic may avert but create additional externalities often neglected. review highlights major gaps in analysis understanding change. implications (a) security, (b) conditions, (c) water quality, (d) soil salinization, (e) storage infrastructure, (f) energy use. These help explain challenges achieving irrigated thus point toward solutions research needs.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive geospatial database of nearly 100 000 reservoirs in China

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 4017 - 4034

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Abstract. With rapid population growth and socioeconomic development over the last century, a great number of dams/reservoirs have been constructed globally to meet various needs. China has strong economical societal demands for constructing dams reservoirs. The official statistics reported more than 98 000 in China, including nearly 40 % world's largest dams. Despite availability several global-scale dam/reservoir databases (e.g., Global Reservoir Dam database (GRanD), GlObal geOreferenced Database Dams (GOODD), Georeferenced global And Reservoirs (GeoDAR)), these insufficient coverage reservoirs especially small or newly ones. lack reservoir information impedes estimation water budgets evaluation dam impacts on hydrologic nutrient fluxes its downstream countries. Therefore, we presented Dataset (CRD), which contains 97 435 polygons fundamental attribute name storage capacity) based existing products, national basic geographic datasets, multi-source open map data, multi-level governmental yearbooks databases. compiled CRD total maximum inundation area 50 085.21 km2 capacity about 979.62 km3 (924.96–1060.59 km3). quantity decreases from southeast northwest, density hotspots mainly occur hilly regions large plains, with Yangtze River basin dominating count, area, capacity. We found that spatial accumulations are closely related China's implementation major policies. Finally, comparison GOODD, GeoDAR, GRanD significantly increased smaller 1 km2. provides comprehensive is expected benefit resources managements understanding ecological environmental across affected transboundary basins. publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6984619 (Song et al., 2022).

Language: Английский

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Hydrological Intensification Will Increase the Complexity of Water Resource Management

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3)

Published: March 1, 2022

Abstract Global warming intensifies the hydrological cycle by altering rate of water fluxes to and from terrestrial surface, resulting in an increase extreme precipitation events longer dry spells. Prior intensification work has largely focused on without joint consideration evaporative demand changes how plants respond these changes. Informed state‐of‐the‐art climate models, we examine projected its role complicating resources management using a framework that accounts for surplus demand. Using metric combines difference between daily (surplus events) consecutive days when exceeds (deficit time), show that, globally, will become larger (+11.5% +18.5% moderate high emission scenarios, respectively) duration them (+5.1%; +9.6%) end century, with largest northern latitudes. The intra‐annual occurrence extremes stress existing infrastructure major river basins, where over one third years during 2070–2100 under emissions scenario be hydrologically intense (large increases intensity deficit tripling historical baseline. Larger are found basins large reservoir capacity (e.g., Amazon, Congo, Danube River Basins), which have significant populations, irrigate considerable farmland, support threatened endangered aquatic species. Incorporating flexibility into resource paramount continued intensification.

Language: Английский

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Global Dam Tracker: A database of more than 35,000 dams with location, catchment, and attribute information

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Abstract We present one of the most comprehensive geo-referenced global dam databases to date. The Global Dam Tracker (GDAT) contains 35,000 dams with cross-validated geo-coordinates, satellite-derived catchment areas, and detailed attribute information. Combining GDAT fine-scaled satellite data spanning three decades, we demonstrate how improves upon existing enable inter-temporal analysis costs benefits construction on a scale. Our findings show that over past have contributed dramatic increase in surface water coverage, especially developing countries Asia South America. This is an important step toward more systematic understanding worldwide impact local communities. By filling gap, would help inform sustainable equitable approach energy access economic development.

Language: Английский

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The evolution of dam induced river fragmentation in the United States

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 28, 2023

Abstract It is established that dams decrease river connectivity; however, previous global scale studies of fragmentation focused on a small subset the largest dams. In United States, mid-sized dams, which are too for databases, account 96% major anthropogenic structures and 48% reservoir storage. We conduct national evaluation evolution bifurcation over time includes more than 50,000 nationally inventoried Mid-sized 73% anthropogenically created stream fragments nationally. They also contribute disproportionately to short (less 10 km), particularly troubling aquatic habitats. Here we show dam construction has essentially reversed natural patterns in States. Prior human development, smaller less connected networks occurred arid basins while today humid most fragmented due structures.

Language: Английский

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Hydropower impacts on riverine biodiversity

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(11), P. 755 - 772

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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One-quarter of freshwater fauna threatened with extinction

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse 1 and important for livelihoods economic development 2 , but under substantial stress 3 . To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods 4,5 used to guide environmental policy 6 conservation prioritization 7 whereas recent proposals target setting freshwaters use abiotic factors 8–13 However, there is evidence 14–17 that such insufficient represent the needs freshwater species achieve biodiversity goals 18,19 Here we present results a multi-taxon fauna assessment The IUCN Red List Threatened Species covering 23,496 decapod crustaceans, fishes odonates, finding one-quarter threatened with extinction. Prevalent threats include pollution, dams water extraction, agriculture invasive species, overharvesting also driving extinctions. We examined degree surrogacy both (water nitrogen) species. good surrogates when prioritizing sites maximize rarity-weighted richness, poorer based on most range-restricted they much better than factors, which perform worse random. Thus, although priority regions identified tetrapod broadly reflective those faunas, given differences key habitats, meeting cannot be assumed sufficient conserve at local scales.

Language: Английский

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Dams for hydropower and irrigation: Trends, challenges, and alternatives

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 114439 - 114439

Published: May 13, 2024

Hydropower and irrigation are essential for achieving human development objectives climate mitigation adaptation. These sectors depend on the same grey infrastructure, such as dammed reservoirs, which has created negative socio-ecological externalities sectoral conflicts in past. Yet, future needs infrastructure both their interdependencies remain unclear. We address this gap by applying data-fusion machine-learning approaches provide a comprehensive global overview new dataset that elucidates role of existing dams reservoirs hydropower irrigation. then review projected demands storage 2050 analyze how growth aligns with identified potential dams. Globally, projections point to an increased demand order 400 GW 2050, amounts around 60 %–64 % +35 compared today. For irrigation, fully leveraging sustainable water resources would require 460 km3/yr stored water, or +70 Projected larger than what could many regions, especially Europe, South Asia, Africa. In conditions, will be increasingly competition infrastructure. Our findings also highlight need study alternative solutions, other forms renewable energy nature-based solutions storage, meet societal while avoiding associated

Language: Английский

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