Conservation and the Genomics of Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Abstract Loss of biodiversity is among the greatest problems facing world today. Conservation and Genomics Populations gives a comprehensive overview essential background, concepts, tools needed to understand how genetic information can be used conserve species threatened with extinction, manage ecological or commercial importance. New molecular techniques, statistical methods, computer programs, principles, methods are becoming increasingly useful in conservation biological diversity. Using balance data theory, coupled basic applied research examples, this book examines phenotypic variation natural populations, principles mechanisms evolutionary change, interpretation from these conservation. The includes examples plants, animals, microbes wild captive populations. This third edition has been thoroughly revised include advances genomics contains new chapters on population genomics, monitoring, genetics practice, as well sections climate emerging diseases, metagenomics, more. More than one-third references were published after previous edition. Each 24 Appendix end Guest Box written by an expert who provides example presented chapter their own work. for advanced undergraduate graduate students genetics, resource management, biology, professional biologists policy-makers working wildlife habitat management agencies. Much will also interest nonprofessionals curious about role

Language: Английский

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Natural hybridization reduces vulnerability to climate change

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Abstract Under climate change, species unable to track their niche via range shifts are largely reliant on genetic variation adapt and persist. Genomic vulnerability predictions used identify populations that lack the necessary variation, particularly at climate-relevant genes. However, hybridization as a source of novel adaptive is typically ignored in genomic studies. We estimated environmental models for closely related rainbowfish ( Melanotaenia spp.) across an elevational gradient Australian Wet Tropics. Hybrid between widespread generalist several narrow endemic exhibited reduced projected climates compared pure endemics. Overlaps introgressed regions were consistent with signal introgression. Our findings highlight often-underappreciated conservation value hybrid indicate introgression may contribute evolutionary rescue ranges.

Language: Английский

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Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 165 - 183

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish species' potential adapt future environments. Understanding monitoring how organisms respond human-driven change is therefore major priority for conservation rapidly changing environment. Recent developments genomic, transcriptomic epigenomic technologies enabling unprecedented insights into evolutionary processes molecular bases adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply integrate omics tools experimentally investigate, monitor predict species communities wild cope with change, which by genetically adapting new conditions, through range shifts or phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages limitations each method discuss research avenues would improve our understanding responses highlighting need holistic, multi-omics approaches ecosystem during Species can shifting their these responses.

Language: Английский

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Genome of the estuarine oyster provides insights into climate impact and adaptive plasticity

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Nov. 12, 2021

Abstract Understanding the roles of genetic divergence and phenotypic plasticity in adaptation is central to evolutionary biology important for assessing adaptive potential species under climate change. Analysis a chromosome-level assembly resequencing individuals across wide latitude distribution estuarine oyster ( Crassostrea ariakensis ) revealed unexpectedly low genomic diversity population structures shaped by historical glaciation, geological events oceanographic forces. Strong selection signals were detected genes responding temperature salinity stress, especially expanded solute carrier families, highlighting importance gene expansion environmental adaptation. Genes exhibiting high showed strong upstream regulatory regions that modulate transcription, indicating favoring plasticity. Our findings suggest variation structure marine bivalves are heavily influenced history physical forces, may enhance critical rapidly changing environments.

Language: Английский

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Study on habitat suitability and environmental variable thresholds of rare waterbirds

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 785, P. 147316 - 147316

Published: April 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Critical thermal maxima in aquatic ectotherms

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 106856 - 106856

Published: Sept. 15, 2020

Critical Thermal Maxima (CTMax) is one of the main used techniques to infer thermal tolerance a certain organism. Aquatic animals, which are mainly ectotherms, believed present growing CTMax from poles towards equator while their tolerance, in relation environmental temperature would opposite trend. In this work such pattern analysed global scale by performing metanalysis with previous data. Also, differences between organisms living fresh and saltwater ecosystems different taxa were assessed. Finally, effect other stressors over compiled discussed. It was possible prove that, as it has been proposed, values have an inverse being tropical closer limit than climates. temperate present, general, highest tolerance. Marine animals region presented lower Safety Margin (TSM) freshwater same region. Such not verified on The two mollusc classes: Gastropoda Bivalvia, TSM values. Several stress factors works significant effect. An analysis nefarious effects performed.

Language: Английский

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Putting plasticity into practice for effective conservation actions under climate change

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 632 - 647

Published: July 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Climate is changing, are European bats too? A multispecies analysis of trends in body size

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Animal size, a trait sensitive to spatial and temporal variables, is key element in ecological evolutionary dynamics. In the context of climate change, there evidence that some bat species are increasing their body size via phenotypic responses higher temperatures at maternity roosts. To test generality this response, we conducted >20‐year study examining changes 15 Italy, analysing data from 4393 individual bats captured since 1995. addition effect, considered potential influence sexual dimorphism and, where relevant, included latitude altitude as drivers change. Contrary initial predictions widespread increase our findings challenge assumption, revealing nuanced interplay factors contributing complexity Specifically, only three ( Myotis daubentonii , Nyctalus leisleri Pipistrellus pygmaeus ) out exhibited discernible over studied period, prompting reassessment reliable indicators change based on alterations size. Our investigation into influencing highlighted significance temperature‐related with emerging crucial drivers. cases, mirrored patterns consistent Bergmann's rule, larger recorded progressively latitudes Plecotus auritus mystacinus Miniopterus schreibersii or altitudes kuhlii ). We also observed clear effect most species, females consistently than males. The time suggests occurrence plasticity, raising questions about long‐term selective pressures individuals. unresolved question whether reflect microevolutionary processes plastic adds further understanding space.

Language: Английский

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Synergistic response to climate stressors in coral is associated with genotypic variation in baseline expression

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2019)

Published: March 27, 2024

As environments are rapidly reshaped due to climate change, phenotypic plasticity plays an important role in the ability of organisms persist and is considered especially acclimatization mechanism for long-lived sessile such as reef-building corals. Often, this a single genotype display multiple phenotypes depending on environment modulated by changes gene expression, which can vary response environmental via two mechanisms: baseline expression plasticity. We used transcriptome-wide profiling eleven genotypes common-gardened Acropora cervicornis explore genotypic variation thermal acidification stress, both individually combination. show that combination these stressors elicits synergistic response, stress variation. Additionally, we demonstrate frontloading large module coexpressed genes associated with greater retention algal symbionts under combined stress. These results illustrate individuals change even when have shared histories, affecting their performance future scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Rising temperatures, falling fisheries: causes and consequences of crossing the tipping point in a small-pelagic community

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 1511 - 1530

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Abstract Global change has profound effects on marine species, communities, and ecosystems. Among these impacts, small pelagics have emerged as valuable indicators for detecting regime shifts in fish stocks. They exhibit swift responses to changes ocean variables, including decreased abundances, accelerated juvenile growth rates, early maturation, reduced adult sizes warm waters. However, each pelagic species occupies a unique local ecological niche, that reflects the sum of all environmental conditions. Consequently, their manifest distinct ways. We explore here how global affects Madeira Archipelago (NE Atlantic Ocean) at (i) community level, by studying climate over 40-year (1980–2019) period landings, (ii) population life-history traits two most abundant Scomber colias Trachurus picturatus . Our study demonstrated anomalies Sea Surface Temperature North Oscillation caused shift within community. Both predictors explained 88.9% landings oscillations. S. appears relatively more favorable adaptive response compared T. Understanding species-specific is crucial effective management conservation efforts face ongoing scenarios. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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