Depth-dependent responses of soil organic carbon stock under annual and perennial cropping systems

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(28)

Published: June 23, 2022

Microbial communities are found throughout the biosphere, from human guts to glaciers, soil activated sludge. Understanding statistical properties of such diverse can pave way elucidate common mechanisms ...Multiple ecological forces act together shape composition microbial communities. Phyloecology approaches—which combine phylogenetic relationships between species with community ecology—have potential disentangle but often ...

Language: Английский

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Advancing the science and practice of ecological nutrient management for smallholder farmers

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Soil degradation is widespread in smallholder agrarian communities across the globe where limited resource farmers struggle to overcome poverty and malnutrition. This review lays out scientific basis practical management options for an ecologically based approach sustainably managing soil fertility, with particular attention subsistence systems. We seek change trajectory of development programs that continue promote inorganic fertilizers other high input strategies constrained smallholders, despite ample evidence this falling short food security goals contributing degradation. Ecological nutrient (ENM) agroecological biogeochemical cycles govern ecosystem services fertility. The portfolio ENM extends beyond reliance on guided by following five principles: (1) Build organic matter reserves. (2) Minimize size N P pools are most susceptible loss. (3) Maximize agroecosystem capacity use soluble, P. (4) Use functional phylogenetic biodiversity minimize bare fallows maximize presence growing plants. (5) Construct field scale mass balances track net flows over multiple seasons. Strategic increases spatial temporal plant species diversity a core tactic expands multifunctionality meet priorities restoration crop yields. Examples practices include functionally designed polycultures, diversified rotations, reduced fallow periods, increased legumes, integrated crop-livestock production, variety amendments. These foster accrual function, both which underpin resilience. When first implemented, short-term yield outcomes variable; however, long-term, systems employ can increase yields, stability, profitability security. rests solid foundation science, many barriers imposed current agricultural policies, successful being promoted some actors used farmers, promising results.

Language: Английский

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Challenges of Pasture Feeding Systems—Opportunities and Constraints

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 974 - 974

Published: April 28, 2023

Grazing plays an important role in milk production most regions of the world. Despite importance grazing, current trends livestock farming Europe are causing a decline popularity pasture-based feeding dairy cows. This paper aims to provide overview challenges faced by pasture system under climate change. lands ecosystem services including regulation and storage water flows, nutrient cycling, C sequestration. Livestock grazing is factor shaping stabilizing biodiversity. Some opportunities for health-promoting nutritional qualities products, especially from pasture-fed The beneficial effects on animal health welfare not insignificant. Available organizational innovations can help better manage and, above all, understand impact process environment

Language: Английский

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Formation of mineral‐associated organic matter in temperate soils is primarily controlled by mineral type and modified by land use and management intensity

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Abstract Formation of mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM) supports the accumulation and stabilization carbon (C) in soil, thus, is a key factor global C cycle. Little known about interplay mineral type, land use management intensity MAOM formation, especially on subdecadal time scales. We exposed containers with goethite or illite, most abundant iron oxide phyllosilicate clay temperate soils, for 5 years topsoils 150 forest grassland sites three regions across Germany. Results show that irrespective intensity, more accumulated than illite (on average 0.23 ± 0.10 0.06 0.03 mg m −2 surface respectively). Carbon was consistently higher coniferous forests deciduous grasslands. Structural equation models further showed thinning harvesting reduced formation forests. grasslands not affected by grazing. Fertilization had opposite effects positive effect being mediated enhanced plant productivity negative species richness. This highlights caveat applying fertilizers as strategy to increase soil stocks Overall, we demonstrate rate amount primarily driven can be modulated even Our results suggest soils dominated oxides have capacity accumulate store those clays, under circumneutral pH conditions. Therefore, adopting practices inputs into oxide‐rich are their may offer great potential enhance near‐term sequestration.

Language: Английский

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How does soil organic matter stabilize with soil and environmental variables along a black soil belt in Northeast China? An explanation using FTIR spectroscopy data

CATENA, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 228, P. 107152 - 107152

Published: April 12, 2023

Language: Английский

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