Individual differences in neural event segmentation of continuous experiences

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(13), P. 8164 - 8178

Published: March 29, 2023

Abstract Event segmentation is a spontaneous part of perception, important for processing continuous information and organizing it into memory. Although neural behavioral event show degree inter-subject consistency, meaningful individual variability exists atop these shared patterns. Here we characterized differences in the location boundaries across four short movies that evoked variable interpretations. boundary alignment subjects followed posterior-to-anterior gradient was tightly correlated with rate segmentation: slower-segmenting regions integrate over longer time periods showed more locations. This relationship held irrespective stimulus, but to which particular were versus idiosyncratic depended on certain aspects movie content. Furthermore, this behaviorally significant similarity locations during movie-watching predicted how ultimately remembered appraised. In particular, identified subset are both aligned encoding predictive stimulus interpretation, suggesting may be mechanism by narratives generate memories appraisals stimuli.

Language: Английский

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Neural connectivity patterns explain why adolescents perceive the world as moving slow

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 22, 2024

Abstract That younger individuals perceive the world as moving slower than adults is a familiar phenomenon. Yet, it remains an open question why that is. Using event segmentation theory, electroencephalogram (EEG) beamforming and nonlinear causal relationship estimation using artificial neural network methods, we studied activity while adolescent adult participants segmented movie. We show when were instructed to segment movie into meaningful units, adolescents partitioned incoming information fewer encapsulated segments or episodes of longer duration adults. Importantly, directed communication between medial frontal lower-level perceptual areas occipito-temporal regions in specific oscillation spectrums explained behavioral differences groups. Overall, study reveals different organization brain inefficient transmission are key understand people slow.

Language: Английский

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Functional networks in the infant brain during sleep and wake states

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(21), P. 10820 - 10835

Published: Sept. 16, 2023

Functional brain networks are assessed differently earlier versus later in development: infants almost universally scanned asleep, whereas adults typically awake. Observed differences between infant and adult functional may thus reflect differing states of consciousness rather than or addition to developmental changes. We explore this question by comparing magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans during natural sleep awake movie-watching. As a reference, we also rest Whole-brain connectivity was more similar within the same state (sleep movie infants; adults) compared with across states. Indeed, classifier trained on patterns robustly decoded even generalized adults; interestingly, did not generalize as well infants. Moreover, overall similarity modulated (stronger for rest) but (same movie). Nevertheless, connections that drove similarity, particularly frontoparietal control network, were state. In sum, differs states, highlighting value fMRI studying over development.

Language: Английский

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Movies reveal the fine-grained organization of infant visual cortex

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Studying infant minds with movies is a promising way to increase engagement relative traditional tasks. However, the spatial specificity and functional significance of movie-evoked activity in infants remains unclear. Here we investigated what can reveal about organization visual system. We collected fMRI data from 15 awake toddlers aged 5–23 months who attentively watched movie. The evoked by movie reflected profile areas. Namely, homotopic areas two hemispheres responded similarly movie, whereas distinct dissimilarly, especially across dorsal ventral cortex. Moreover, maps that typically require time-intensive complicated retinotopic mapping could be predicted, albeit imprecisely, both data-driven analyses (i.e., independent components analysis) at individual level using alignment into common low-dimensional embedding generalize participants. These results suggest system already structured process dynamic, naturalistic information fine-grained cortical discovered data.

Language: Английский

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Aberrant neural event segmentation during a continuous social narrative in trauma-exposed older adolescents and young adults

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Neural Correlates of Narrative Reading Development: A Comparative fMRI Study of Adults and Children Using Time‐Locked Inter‐Subject Correlation Analyses

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The naturalistic paradigm and analytical methods present new approaches that are particularly suitable for research concentrating on narrative reading development. We analyzed fMRI data from 44 adults 42 children engaged in story using time‐locked inter‐subject correlation (ISC), representation similarity analysis (IS‐RSA), functional (ISFC). ISC results indicated both adults, recruited not only traditional areas but also regions sensitive to long‐time‐scale information, such as the medial prefrontal cortex hippocampus, which increased involvement adults. of IS‐RSA during reading, exhibited greater uniqueness neural patterns, while demonstrated similarity. reading‐level subgroups with ISFC reveals differences development span especially semantic processing. These indicate maturity experience play a crucial role

Language: Английский

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Metacontrol Instructions Lead to Adult-Like Event Segmentation in Adolescents

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 101521 - 101521

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Movies reveal the fine-grained organization of infant visual cortex

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 6, 2025

Studying infant minds with movies is a promising way to increase engagement relative traditional tasks. However, the spatial specificity and functional significance of movie-evoked activity in infants remains unclear. Here, we investigated what can reveal about organization visual system. We collected fMRI data from 15 awake toddlers aged 5–23 months who attentively watched movie. The evoked by movie reflected profile areas. Namely, homotopic areas two hemispheres responded similarly movie, whereas distinct dissimilarly, especially across dorsal ventral cortex. Moreover, maps that typically require time-intensive complicated retinotopic mapping could be predicted, albeit imprecisely, both data-driven analyses (i.e. independent component analysis) at individual level using alignment into common low-dimensional embedding generalize participants. These results suggest system already structured process dynamic, naturalistic information fine-grained cortical discovered data.

Language: Английский

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First-Person Spoken Narratives Elicit Consistent Event Structures in the Angular Gyrus.

Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Face processing in the infant brain after pandemic lockdown

Developmental Psychobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 65(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Abstract The role of visual experience in the development face processing has long been debated. We present a new angle on this question through serendipitous study that cannot easily be repeated. Infants viewed short blocks faces during fMRI repetition suppression task. same identity was presented multiple times half (repeat condition) and different identities were once each other (novel condition). In adults, fusiform area (FFA) tends to show greater neural activity for novel versus repeat such designs, suggesting it can distinguish identities. As part an ongoing study, we collected data before COVID‐19 pandemic after initial local lockdown lifted. resulting sample 12 infants (9–24 months) divided equally into pre‐ post‐lockdown groups with matching ages quantity/quality. had strikingly FFA responses: pre‐lockdown showed > repeat), whereas opposite novel), often referred as enhancement. These findings provide speculative evidence altered lockdown, or correlated environmental changes, may have affected infant brain.

Language: Английский

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