Integrative and inclusive genomics to promote the use of underutilised crops

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Underutilised crops are important for diversifying food systems. The genomics of these should not be done in isolation but align with their breeding and capacity building strategies while leveraging advances made major crops. or orphan our systems towards nutrition security. Here, the authors discuss how development underutilised crop genomic resource strategies, leverage

Language: Английский

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Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Wheat Breeding for Sustainable Food Security

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 5688 - 5688

Published: July 3, 2024

In agriculture, especially in crop breeding, innovative approaches are required to address the urgent issues posed by climate change and global food security. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a revolutionary technology wheat breeding that provides new improve ability of crops withstand produce higher yields response changing circumstances. This review paper examines incorporation artificial into conventional methods, with focus on contribution AI tackling intricacies contemporary agriculture. aims assess influence technologies enhancing efficiency, precision, sustainability projects. We conduct thorough analysis recent research evaluate several applications intelligence, such as machine learning (ML), deep (DL), genomic selection (GS). These expedite swift interpretation extensive datasets, augmenting process selecting varieties well-suited wide range environmental The findings from examined demonstrate notable progress result intelligence. ML algorithms have enhanced precision predicting phenotypic traits, whereas has reduced duration cycles. Utilizing high-throughput phenotyping allows for meticulous examination plant characteristics under different stress environments, facilitating identification robust varieties. Furthermore, AI-driven models exhibited superior predicted accuracies productivity disease resistance comparison methods. play crucial role modernization providing significant enhancements performance adaptability. integration not only facilitates growth cultivars provide large can stressful conditions but also strengthens security context change. Ongoing study collaboration across fields improving optimizing these applications, ultimately their sustainable

Language: Английский

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Harnessing crop diversity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(14)

Published: March 27, 2023

Microbial communities are found throughout the biosphere, from human guts to glaciers, soil activated sludge. Understanding statistical properties of such diverse can pave way elucidate common mechanisms ...Multiple ecological forces act together shape composition microbial communities. Phyloecology approaches—which combine phylogenetic relationships between species with community ecology—have potential disentangle but often ...

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum, Desf) Germplasm as Revealed by Morphological and SSR Markers

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1155 - 1155

Published: May 26, 2023

Ethiopia is considered a center of origin and diversity for durum wheat endowed with many diverse landraces. This research aimed to estimate the extent pattern genetic in Ethiopian germplasm. Thus, 104 genotypes representing thirteen populations, three regions, four altitudinal classes were investigated their diversity, using 10 grain quality- yield-related phenotypic traits 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) makers. The analysis revealed high mean Shannon index (H' = 0.78) among indicated level variation. principal component (PCA) classified into groups. SSR markers showed value polymorphic information content (PIC 0.50) gene (h 0.56), moderate number alleles per locus (Na 4). Analysis molecular variance (AMOVA) variation within classes, accounting 88%, 97%, 97% total variation, respectively. Pairwise differentiation Nei's distance analyses identified that cultivars are distinct from landrace populations. distance-based (Discriminant Principal Component (DAPC) Minimum Spanning Network (MSN)) model-based population stratification (STRUCTURE) methods clustering grouped two clusters. Both data-based PCA DAPC MSN defined groupings highlighted pool. SSRs significant associations one or more target traits. identify landraces yield quality study highlights usefulness cultivar development, contributing food security region beyond.

Language: Английский

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Is CRISPR/Cas9-based multi-trait enhancement of wheat forthcoming?

Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 341, P. 112021 - 112021

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Conservation of Common Carp Genetic Diversity in an Agroecosystem by Indigenous Farmers

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The conservation of crop genetic diversity by farmers has been well studied, but little documented for farmed fish. Here, we show how indigenous conserve the a fish species—the common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ), locally known as paddy field (PF‐carp)—within ecosystem. PF‐carp have cocultured with rice in fields (i.e., rice‐fish coculture) multiethnic thousands years southwestern China. Although converging to similar morphological shape an adaptation ecosystem, diverged into diverse phenotypes, displaying high and distinct structure pattern. Farmers from different ethnic groups showed preferences fish, resulting phenotypic variation. A large number participated propagation, thereby maintaining level PF‐carp. Our results highlight critical role preserving local mitigating degradation.

Language: Английский

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Agroecological genomics and participatory science: optimizing crop mixtures for agricultural diversification

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Crops based on mixtures of species or genotypes support yield stability by providing multiple ecosystem services. However, the genetic, molecular, and evolutionary dynamics underlying co-adaptation within such must be understood to optimize beneficial plant-plant interactions. We therefore propose agroecological genomics as an integrated quantitative population genetics approach that can combined with cutting-edge omics methods participatory science. This strategy embraces heterogeneity agroecosystems derived from interactions between biotic physical environmental components climate, crop management, socio-cultural factors exploiting decentralized research. The integration results will reveal whole-genome patterns in mixtures, leading greater knowledge key traits drive adaptation well development innovative tools for mixed-crop breeding.

Language: Английский

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gosset: An R package for analysis and synthesis of ranking data in agricultural experimentation

SoftwareX, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 101402 - 101402

Published: May 1, 2023

To derive insights from data, researchers working on agricultural experiments need appropriate data management and analysis tools. ensure that workflows are reproducible can be applied a routine basis, programmatic tools needed. Such increasingly necessary for rank-based type of is generated in on-farm experimentation synthesis exercises, among others. address this need, we developed the R package gosset, which provides functionality models. The gosset facilitates preparation, modeling results presentation stages. It introduces novel functions not available existing packages analyzing ranking data. This paper demonstrates using case study decentralized trial common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties Nicaragua.

Language: Английский

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Ethnobotanical studies on rice landraces under on-farm conservation in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province, China

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Background A complex interaction and mutual influence exists among landscapes, cultures, landraces, with rice culture being a typical embodiment of this relationship. The conservation landraces operates alongside preserving traditional practices. Xishuangbanna region stands out as hub for the genetic diversity boasting rich resources. Despite diverse resources in region, comprehensive systematic study has not been undertaken. Methods From October to November 2023, we collected under on-farm 18 townships including Menghai, Mengla Jinghong Xishuangbanna. Employing semi-structured interviews various methods, investigated factors influencing preservation loss region. Statistical analysis was applied agronomic traits local rice, encompassing indica or japonica, glutinous non-glutinous, grain shape, hull color second category traits. included quantitative like thousand weight length. Rice different regions, traits, ethnic groups assessed using Shannon–Wiener index. Additionally, clustering via UPGMA method depicted distribution characteristics Results total 70 were each exhibiting distinct characteristics. Differences observed across trait, naming, groups. Diversity revealed that had highest diversity, followed by while exhibited lowest diversity. displayed broader than first, Dai people’s showcasing greater other Cluster categorized samples into seven at distance 1.15. Ethnobotanical emphasized rapid Xishuangbanna, indigenous cultures playing vital role landraces. traditions, particular, played crucial protecting resources, dependence between rice. Conclusions natural environment have given rise Dai, primary cultivators higher intertwine their At same time, promotes inheritance culture. However, are facing risk loss. Hence, collecting documenting is crucial. Encourage communities sustain expand cultivation, promoting conservation. These measures contribute valuable germplasm genes breeding serve means cultural preservation.

Language: Английский

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Future of durum wheat research and breeding: Insights from early career researchers

The Plant Genome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 17, 2024

Abstract Durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum ssp. durum ) is globally cultivated for pasta, couscous, and bulgur production. With the changing climate growing world population, need to significantly increase production meet anticipated demand paramount. This review summarizes recent advancements in research, encompassing exploitation of existing novel genetic diversity, exploration potential new diversity sources, breeding climate‐resilient varieties, enhancements management practices, utilization modern technologies cultivar development. In comparison bread T. aestivum ), community area are considerably smaller, often comprising many small‐family farmers, notably African Asian countries. Public programs such as International Maize Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Agricultural Research Dry Areas (ICARDA) play a pivotal role providing adapted cultivars these small‐scale growers. We spotlight contributions others this review. Additionally, we offer our recommendations on key areas research explore addressing challenges posed by change while striving enhance sustainability. As part Initiative, Expert Working Group Genomics Breeding recognizes significance collaborative efforts advancing toward shared objective. hope insights presented stimulate future deliberations trajectory genomics breeding.

Language: Английский

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