Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 617 - 617
Published: June 20, 2024
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is involved in a range of central and peripheral pathways related to appetitive behavior. Hence, this study explored the effects glucagon-like receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on substance behavioral addictions, including alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, cannabis, psychostimulants, compulsive shopping, sex drive/libido. Data were collected from various social platforms. Keywords GLP-1 RAs substance/behavioral addiction used extract relevant comments. The employed mixed-methods approach analyze online discussions posted December 2019 June 2023 using specialized web application. Reddit entries focus here due limited data other platforms, such as TikTok YouTube. A total 5859 threads comments extracted six subreddits, which included about drugs associated brand names. To obtain posts, keywords potential use behavior selected. Further analysis two main steps: (1) manually coding posts based users’ references impact non-substance habits, excluding irrelevant or unclear comments; (2) performing thematic dataset keywords, AI-assisted techniques followed by manual revision generated themes. Second, was performed keyword-related dataset, In total, 29.75% alcohol-related; 22.22% caffeine-related; 23.08% nicotine-related clearly stated cessation intake these substances following start prescription. Conversely, mixed results found for cannabis intake, only limited, anecdotal made available cocaine, entactogens, dissociative drugs’ misuse. Regarding 21.35% reported shopping interruption, whilst sexual drive/libido elements reportedly increased several users. current appeared be useful tool gaining insight into complex topics addiction-related disorders; some RA-related mental health benefits could also inferred here. Overall, it that may show target both craving maladaptive/addictive behaviors, although further empirical research needed.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(20), P. 3412 - 3423.e6
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
Astrocytes are morphologically complex cells that serve essential roles. They widely implicated in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with changes astrocyte morphology and gene expression accompanying disease. In the Sapap3 knockout (KO) mouse model of compulsive anxiety-related behaviors related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), striatal astrocytes display reduced altered actin cytoskeleton Gi-G-protein-coupled receptor (Gi-GPCR) signaling proteins. Here, we show normalizing morphology, cytoskeleton, homeostatic support functions by targeting Gi-GPCR pathway using chemogenetics corrected phenotypes KO mice, including behaviors. Our data portend an astrocytic pharmacological strategy for rescuing brain disorders include compromised tissue support.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(6)
Published: June 1, 2024
Abstract Serotonin (5-HT) regulates working memory within the prefrontal cortex network, which is crucial for understanding obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, mechanisms how network dynamics and serotonin interact in disorder remain elusive. Here, we incorporate 5-HT receptors (5-HT1A, 5-HT2A) dopamine into a multistable model, replicating experimentally observed inverted U-curve phenomenon. We show two antagonize neuronal activity modulate multistability. Reduced binding of 5-HT1A increases global firing, while reduced 5-HT2A deepens attractors. The obtained results suggest reward-dependent synaptic plasticity may attenuate related impairments. Integrating serotonin-mediated release circuit, observe that decreased concentration triggers deep attractor state, expanding domain attraction stable nodes with high firing rate, potentially causing aberrant reverse learning. This suggests hypothesis wherein elevated concentrations might result from primary deficits levels. Findings this work underscore pivotal role serotonergic dysregulation modulating through pathways, contributing to learned obsessions. Interestingly, reuptake inhibitors antidopaminergic potentiators can counteract over-stable state high-firing points, providing new insights treatment.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(22), P. 4809 - 4809
Published: Nov. 17, 2023
As GLP-1 receptor agonists, like semaglutide, emerge as effective treatments for weight management, anecdotal reports from patients and clinicians alike point to a reduction in what has been colloquially termed "food noise", report experiencing less rumination obsessive preoccupation about food. In this narrative review, we discuss concepts used studies investigate human eating behavior that can help elucidate define food noise, particularly cue reactivity. We propose conceptual model summarizes the main factors have shown determine magnitude of reactivity elicited by external internal cues how these affect short- long-term behavioral clinical outcomes. By integrating key research conducted field, Cue-Influencer-Reactivity-Outcome (CIRO) provides framework be future design interpret findings related noise
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Background: Recent studies suggest that the anterior limb of internal capsule may be an area convergence for multiple compulsion loops. In this study, role different dopaminergic loops in mechanism obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was investigated by selectively damaging neurons or fibers corresponding targets with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and depicting anatomical map various located capsule. Methods: A total 52 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to either saline (1 mL/kg, NS group, n = 6) quinpirole (QNP, dopamine D2-agonist, 0.5 mg/kg, 46) twice weekly 5 weeks. After each injection, placed on open field analyze aspects their behaviour, including number home base visits (NOH), average time between visit (ATBO), distance travelled (TDM). model setup, 46 QNP divided randomly into five groups: 6-OHDA (AC) stereotactic injection group (QNP+AC 10), mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) (QNP+MD accumbens (NAC) (QNP+NAC (QNP+NS-S non-surgical (QNP+Non-S 6). simultaneously received a (NS+6-OHDA-S 6: AC2, MD2, NAC2). All QNP-treated then continued given week 4 weeks, behaviour observed after infusion. immunofluorescence staining used monitor distribution nerve areas intervention loops, quantitative analysis performed. Results: Compulsive declined gradually QNP+AC QNP+NAC groups 3 weeks surgery, decreasing more rapidly. The QNP+MD had decreased surgery but increased almost same level as pre-surgery at post-surgery. Postoperative fluorescence suggested (DA) target significantly reduced compared QNP+Non-S group. Conclusions: damages within OCD loop, which somewhat alleviates compulsive behaviours. results AC might best therapeutic interventions OCD.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110323 - 110323
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 839 - 839
Published: Feb. 11, 2025
This review explores the essential roles of purine metabolism including catabolic product, uric acid, in development dopaminergic neurons substantia nigra pars compacta. The high energy requirements compacta alongside necessary purinergic neurotransmission and influence oxidative stress during makes these uniquely susceptible to changes metabolism. Uric acid's role as a central nervous system antioxidant may help ameliorate effects utero. Understanding mechanisms by which purines acid can further explain neurologic consequences inborn errors metabolism, such Lesch-Nyhan disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(11), P. 113328 - 113328
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is critical for behavioral control; its dysregulation consequently correlated with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the STN successfully alleviates parkinsonian motor symptoms. However, low mood depression are affective side effects. adjoined para-STN, associated appetitive aversive behavior. DBS aimed at might unintentionally modulate causing aversion. Alternatively, mediates To investigate causality between aversion, behavior addressed using optogenetics in mice. Selective promoters allow dissociation of (e.g., Pitx2) vs. para-STN (Tac1). Acute photostimulation results aversion via both para-STN. only stimulation-paired cues cause conditioned avoidance interrupts on-going sugar self-administration. Electrophysiological recordings identify post-synaptic responses pallidal neurons, selective terminals ventral pallidum replicates STN-induced Identifying as a source learning contributes neurobiological underpinnings to emotional affect.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Biomimetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 139 - 139
Published: Feb. 25, 2024
The vertebrate basal ganglia play an important role in action selection—the resolution of conflicts between alternative motor programs. effective operation circuitry is also known to rely on appropriate levels the neurotransmitter dopamine. We investigated reducing or increasing tonic level simulated dopamine a prior model integrated into robot control architecture engaged foraging task inspired by animal behaviour. main findings were that progressive reductions caused slowed behaviour and, at low levels, inability initiate movement. These states partially relieved increased salience (stronger sensory/motivational input). Conversely, distortion robot’s acts through expressed activity relating losing actions. This could lead frequency switching. Levels either significantly lower higher than baseline cause loss behavioural integration, sometimes leaving ‘behavioral trap’. That some analogous traits are observed animals and humans affected dysregulation suggests robotic models prove useful understanding neurotransmission function dysfunction.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18
Published: March 27, 2024
Animals often behave repetitively and predictably. These repetitive behaviors can have a component that is learned ingrained as habits, which be evolutionarily advantageous they reduce cognitive load the expenditure of attentional resources. Repetitive also conscious deliberate, may occur in absence habit formation, typically when are feature normal development children, or neuropsychiatric disorders. They considered pathological interfere with social relationships daily activities. For instance, people affected by obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum Huntington’s disease Gilles de la Tourette syndrome display wide range symptoms like compulsive, stereotyped ritualistic behaviors. The striatum nucleus basal ganglia proposed to act master regulator these through its circuit connections sensorimotor, associative, limbic areas cortex. However, precise mechanisms within striatum, detailing compartmental organization, cellular specificity, intricacies downstream connections, remain an area active research. In this review, we summarize evidence across multiple scales, including circuit-level, cellular, molecular dimensions, elucidate striatal underpinning offer perspectives on implicated We consider close relationship between behavioral output transcriptional changes, thereby structural alterations, those occurring epigenetic processes.
Language: Английский
Citations
3