Floral presence and flower identity alter cereal aphid endosymbiont communities on adjacent crops

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 60(7), P. 1409 - 1423

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract Floral plantings adjacent to crops fields can recruit populations of natural enemies by providing flower nectar and non‐crop prey increase pest regulation. Observed variation in success rates might be due changes the unseen community endosymbionts hosted many herbivorous insects, which some confer resistance enemies, for example, parasitoid wasps. Reduced insect control may occur if highly protective symbiont combinations frequency via selection effects, this is expected stronger lower diversity systems. We used a large‐scale field trial analyse bacterial endosymbiont communities cereal aphids Sitobion avenae collected along transects into strip plots barley plants managed either conventional or integrated (including floral margins reduced inputs) methods. In addition, we conducted an outdoor pot experiment S. on that were grown alone alongside one three flowering plants, across time points. field, up four symbionts. The abundance wasps was towards middle all while aphid species richness decreased conventional, but not integrated, field‐strips. proportion hosting different varied cropping systems, with distances fields, correlated wasp abundances. experiment, six Flower presence increased enemy diversity, abundance. treatment time, varying abundances specialist recruited flowers. Synthesis applications . identity had community‐wide impacts recommend management practices incorporate resources within areas support more functionally diverse resilient mitigate symbiont‐mediated throughout area.

Language: Английский

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A diversity of endosymbionts across Australian aphids and their persistence in aphid cultures

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 1988 - 2001

Published: June 7, 2023

Abstract There is increasing interest in the use of endosymbionts pest control, which will benefit from identification potential donor species for transfer to species. Here, we screened 123 Australian aphid samples across 32 using 16S DNA metabarcoding. We then developed a qPCR method validate metabarcoding data set and monitor endosymbiont persistence cultures. Pea aphids ( Acyrthosiphon pisum ) were frequently coinfected with Rickettsiella Serratia , glasshouse potato Aulacorthum solani Regiella Spiroplasma ; other secondary detected occurred by themselves. Hamiltonella Rickettsia Wolbachia restricted single species, whereas was found multiple stably maintained laboratory cultures, although others lost rapidly. The overall incidence tended be lower than recorded overseas. These results indicate that probably exhibit different levels infectivity vertical transmission efficiency hosts, may contribute natural infection patterns. rapid loss some cultures raises questions about factors maintain them under field conditions, while persisted culture provide candidates interspecific transfers.

Language: Английский

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Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots plants), play crucial roles for host. Although this has been known decades, recent developments molecular biology allow expanded insight into abundance function these microbes. Here we used vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster , investigate fitness measures across lifetime flies fed a suspension gut harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was constitutively enriched with ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer be more agile at age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out our study: (1) microbiomes differ markedly; (2) feeding Young Old altered microbiome recipient (3) two different microbial diets did not any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan contradicting working hypothesis. Combined, results provide novel interplay between hosts their clearly highlight phenotypic effects transplants probiotics can complex unpredictable.

Language: Английский

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Rickettsia symbionts spread via mixed mode transmission, increasing female fecundity and sex ratio shift by host hormone modulating

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(25)

Published: June 12, 2024

Heritable symbionts are common among animals in nature, but the molecular mechanisms underpinning symbiont invasions of host populations have been elusive. In this study, we demonstrate spread Rickettsia an invasive agricultural pest, whitefly Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED), across northeastern China from 2018 to 2023. Here, show that beneficial spreads by manipulating hormone signals. Our analyses suggest horizontally acquired B. MED another Middle East-Asia Minor 1 during periods coexistence. is transmitted maternally and female individuals. infection enhances fecundity results bias whiteflies. findings reveal stimulates juvenile (JH) synthesis, turn enhancing fecundity, copulation events, ratio offspring. Consequently, increased modulating JH pathway. More progeny facilitates transmission . This study illustrates whiteflies propelled regulation. Such lead rapid physiological evolution host, influencing biology ecology species.

Language: Английский

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Describing endosymbiont–host interactions within the parasitism–mutualism continuum

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Endosymbionts are widespread in arthropods, living host cells with effects that extend from parasitic to mutualistic. Newly acquired endosymbionts tend be parasitic, but vertical transmission favors coevolution toward mutualism, hosts sometimes developing dependency. negatively affecting fitness may still spread by impacting reproductive traits, referred as “manipulation,” although costs for often assumed rather than demonstrated. For cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) involves endosymbiont‐mediated embryo death, theory predicts directional shifts away “manipulation” reduced CI strength; moreover, CI‐causing need increase initially spread. In nature, endosymbiont–host interactions and dynamics complex, depending on environmental conditions evolutionary history. We advocate capturing this complexity through appropriate datasets, relying terms like “manipulation.” Such imprecision can lead the misclassification of along parasitism–mutualism continuum.

Language: Английский

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A persistent bacterial Regiella transinfection in the bird cherry‐oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi increasing host fitness and decreasing plant virus transmission

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, is a major pest of agriculture due to its ability directly damage crops and transmit plant viruses. As industries move away from chemical control, there interest in exploring new options suppress the impact this pest. We describe production transinfected line R. padi carrying bacterial endosymbiont, Regiella insecticola, originating green peach Myzus persicae. show that increases fitness novel host despite decreasing native host. also shows low level horizontal transmission. Importantly infection suppresses barley yellow dwarf virus which damages wheat plants. Our results suggest transinfection could be released transmission by aphids with persist spread situations where exceeds direct feeding aphid. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Banana Bract Mosaic Virus (BBrMV)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

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Within‐generational but not cross‐generational effects of host plant on Myzus persicae performance and preferences

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Abstract Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera:Aphididae) aphids feed on a wide range of host plants but exhibit strong preferences for from some families, particularly Brassicaceae. Previous studies demonstrate local adaptation M. populations, where populations collected given plant have increased performance this host, highlighting the potential and fitness to shift through cross‐generational changes or rearing different within generations. Endosymbionts living aphid cells can substantial impacts also influence responses. Rickettsiella is facultative endosymbiont that shows biocontrol applications due its costs, it unclear if costs change when are reared across In experiments with two lines (one carrying transinfection ) we show maintenance 15 generations leaf discs three (bok choy, clover potato) had little effect reciprocally tested each plant. Fitness was mainly influenced by used testing compared effects. two‐choice Petri dish involving bok choy clover, either no preferences, acclimated shifted their preference towards clover. The transinfected stable in all lines, deleterious effects body colour alterations were not dramatically modified testing. This study highlights adaptability diverse plants, importance within‐generational fitness, implications use endosymbionts pest management.

Language: Английский

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Heritable viral symbionts in the family Iflaviridae are widespread among aphids

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

A bstract Heritable microbes shape host phenotypes and are important drivers of evolution. While interactions between insects bacterial symbionts have been extensively studied, the prevalence consequences insect-viral symbiosis an open question. We show that viral in family Iflaviridae widespread among aphids, model for research on symbiosis. discovered multiple new species iflaviruses maintained asexual lines without apparent fitness costs transmitted vertically from mothers to offspring. Using field data phylogenetic evidence, we further aphid likely move horizontally across species, but through laboratory experiments, demonstrated horizontal transfer infesting same plants does not persist throughout clonal lineages. quantitative PCR immunohistochemistry, infections localize fat bodies developing embryos. Surprisingly, also found inside bacteria-housing cells called bacteriocytes, with a positive correlation symbiont density, indicating mechanism vertical transmission. Together, our work suggests previously unrecognized piece sets stage use this answer questions about host-microbe associations. I mportance In recent years, rise metatranscriptome sequencing has led rapid discovery novel sequences insects. However, few studies carefully investigated dynamics insect-virus produce general understanding Aphids significant agricultural pest evolution molecular basis heritable part microbiome, alongside bacteria offspring, potentially via specialized bacteriocytes house symbiotic microbes. Our findings implications furthering insect-microbe potential biocontrol agriculturally relevant species.

Language: Английский

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Symbiotic bacteria and pest control: plant toxins, chemical pesticides, and fungal entomopathogens

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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