Demographic consequences of phenological asynchrony for North American songbirds

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(28)

Published: July 3, 2023

Changes in phenology response to ongoing climate change have been observed numerous taxa around the world. Differing rates of phenological shifts across trophic levels led concerns that ecological interactions may become increasingly decoupled time, with potential negative consequences for populations. Despite widespread evidence and a broad body supporting theory, large-scale multitaxa demographic asynchrony remains elusive. Using data from continental-scale bird-banding program, we assess impact dynamics on avian breeding productivity 41 species migratory resident North American birds forested areas. We find strong optimum where decreases years both particularly early or late when occurs relative local vegetation phenology. Moreover, demonstrate landbird did not keep pace timing green-up over recent 18-y period, even though has tracked greater sensitivity than arrival species. Species whose more closely tend migrate shorter distances (or are entire year) breed earlier season. These results showcase broadest-scale yet impacts change. Future change-associated will likely result decrease most species, given bird is failing

Language: Английский

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Decoupling of bird migration from the changing phenology of spring green-up

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(12)

Published: March 4, 2024

The green-up of vegetation in spring brings a pulse food resources that many animals track during migration. However, phenology is changing with climate change, posing an immense challenge for species time their migrations to coincide these resource pulses. We evaluated changes from 2002 2021 relation the 150 Western-Hemisphere bird using eBird citizen science data. found has changed within migration routes, and yet most align more closely long-term averages than current conditions. Changing strongly influenced phenological mismatches, especially longer-distance migrants. These results reveal may have limited flexibility adjust emphasize mounting migratory face following en route climate.

Language: Английский

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Spatially heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology induced by climate change threaten the integrity of the avian migration network

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Phenological responses to climate change frequently vary among trophic levels, which can result in increasing asynchrony between the peak energy requirements of consumers and availability resources. Migratory birds use multiple habitats with seasonal food resources along migration flyways. Spatially heterogeneous could cause phenology flyway become desynchronized. Such shifts pose a challenge migratory by reducing their opportunity for path consequently influencing survival reproduction. We develop novel graph-based approach quantify this problem deploy it evaluate condition vegetation 16 herbivorous waterfowl species Asia. show that change-induced 12% loss network integrity on average across all study species. Species winter at relatively lower latitudes are subjected higher network. These findings highlight susceptibility change. Our proposed methodological framework be applied general yield an accurate assessment exposure under help identify actions biodiversity conservation face climate-related risks.

Language: Английский

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Duration and variability of spring green‐up mediate population consequences of climate change

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Single phenological measures, like the average rate of advancement, may be insufficient to explain how climate change is driving trends in animal populations. Here, we develop a multifactorial concept spring phenology—including onset spring, duration, interannual variability, and their temporal changes—as driver for population dynamics migratory terrestrial species seasonal environments. Using this conceptual model, found that effects advancing phenology on populations buffered or amplified depending duration variability green‐up, those are modified by evolutionary plastic adaptations species. Furthermore, compared our modelling results with empirical data normalized difference vegetation index‐based green‐up 106 European landbird finding similar associations. We conclude changes expected affect bird across Europe identify regions particularly prone suffer declines.

Language: Английский

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Spatial match–mismatch between predators and prey under climate change

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 1593 - 1601

Published: June 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Afromontane understory birds increase in body size over four decades

Ecography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(4)

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Of the myriad responses to climate change, an emerging trend is widespread decrease in animal body size with warming temperatures. Birds, particular, have been shown be decreasing several areas – most notably Amazon Basin and temperate North America but trends much of world remain unexplored. Here, we analyze temporal climatic associations mass for 42 resident bird species over 36 years Usambara Mountains Tanzania, a tropical montane global biodiversity hotspot. In addition, assess wing length mass:wing ratio 21 years. Finally, examine whether species‐specific are related average or apparent survival. Overall, species' increased by 0.023 g decade ‐1 , amounting increases 4.1% These long‐term shifts were strongly positively associated annual mean temperature showed no relationship precipitation. Wing on 2.0% 21‐year period, yet there was mixed evidence ratio, suggesting that general increasing. While percentage not survival, smaller did display greater proportional mass. Although drivers unclear change cannot ruled out such among Afrotropical birds provide intriguing counterpoint observed declines elsewhere suggest may mediated biogeography other abiotic biotic drivers.

Language: Английский

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A focus on females can improve science and conservation

Ibis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

As a field, ecology has historically misunderstood or overlooked female organisms, assumed that they are ‘similar enough’ to males. The typical unit of study for research stops at the species level, but can be too coarse and obscure important intraspecific differences. Projecting results studies based on only half population (i.e. males) onto females misleading, if not dangerous, as birds differ from males in key aspects their biology. Birds widespread sexed more often than most other taxa; yet although it uses them model current ornithological is disproportionately male birds. We review some fields pertinent conservation highlight biases gaps. find that, counter ‘traditional’ assumptions, reproductive roles balanced between sexes across many, all, species. In addition, sing, tend dispersive males, have lower survival, use different habitats – which implications may affected by climate change differently. call ornithologists separately because lack attention these differences real‐world implications. Potential solutions include training observers recognize traits, using field methods increase detection (e.g. catching during migration season, DNA determine sex), broadening geographical regions recruiting diverse group scientists help equalize research.

Language: Английский

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Phenological responses to climate change across taxa and local habitats in a high‐Arctic arthropod community

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 95(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Abstract Climate change has led to pronounced shifts in phenology, varying across taxa. The Arctic is experiencing particularly rapid warming, but long‐term data on phenological changes are rare this region, especially for arthropods—a diverse taxonomic group that form important links other trophic levels. Understanding the environmental drivers of arthropod variation necessary predicting future trends taxa and habitats climate change. Here, we analyze temporal associations phenology using 25 years standardized monitoring from four habitat types high‐Arctic Greenland. We observed earlier peak activity community, with responses considerably among families habitats. Snowmelt timing was a key driver activity, late‐active taxa, while temperature less driver, arthropods generally exhibited warming. Responses duration were more complex, family‐ habitat‐specific variation. Notably, late snowmelt responded strongly timing, those pond temperature. Mixed feeders parasitoids showed warming; however, mixed shortened their periods, extended theirs. Our findings highlight complexity community change, potential implications interactions dependent overlap. By analyzing metrics entire seasons different functional life‐history traits, identify general consistent patterns enhance our understanding

Language: Английский

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Modelling asynchrony in phenology considering a dynamic representation of meteorological variables

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e18653 - e18653

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Shifts in the timing of phenological events across many taxa and ecosystems are a result climate change. Within trophic network, mismatches between interlinked species can have negative impacts for biodiversity, ecosystems, network. Here we developed interaction indices that quantify level synchrony asynchrony among groups three levels, as well accounting dynamic representation meteorology. Insect first flight, vegetation green-up arrival migrant birds were indicators, obtained from combination spatially temporally explicit observations citizen science programmes remote sensing platforms ( i.e. , Landsat). To determine shifts created applied several synchrony-asynchrony, combining information critical time windows meteorological variables. demonstrate our method incorporating component new index, implemented relative sliding window analysis, stepwise regression model, to identify preceding on yearly basis. The change identified asynchronies within allowing exploration potential interactions based species. Our novel index synchrony-asynchrony including dimension could be highly informative should open pathways studying networks.

Language: Английский

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Temporal Relationships of Breeding Landbirds and Productivity on a Working Landscape

Wild, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 4 - 4

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a measurement of landscape “greenness” and used as proxy for productivity to assess species distributions habitats. Seasonal levels have been strongly related avian population dynamics, suggesting dependence upon biomass production completing annual life cycle events. breeding season critical component the that involves higher nutritional requirements feed young, avoiding predators, attracting mates. Our objective was determine how NDVI affects abundance richness across seasons with varied rainfall in South Texas, USA. Breeding bird point-count surveys were conducted, MODIS Terra data collected. We observed both positive negative effects between May June abundance, richness, depending year (i.e., wet or average rainfall) values months prior April) during peak (May), no significant effect June, may be most influential. This information can aid land management recommendations better predict environmental changes like affect dynamics on wildlife domestic animals.

Language: Английский

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