Entomopathogenic Fungus-Related Priming Defense Mechanisms in Cucurbits Impact Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) Fitness

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(8)

Published: July 13, 2023

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) exhibit direct and indirect mechanisms to increase plant resistance against biotic abiotic stresses. Plant responses these stresses are interconnected by common regulators such as ethylene (ET), which is involved in both iron (Fe) deficiency induced systemic responses. In this work, the roots of cucurbit seedlings were primed with Metarhizium brunneum (EAMa 01/58-Su strain), relative expression levels 18 genes related jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic (SA) synthesis, well pathogen-related (PR) protein genes, studied reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Effects priming on Spodoptera littoralis feeding larvae for 15 days control plants. Genes showed upregulation species; however, highest was observed shoots plants Fe deficiency, demonstrating complexity overlapping degree regulatory network.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the Role of Debaryomyces hansenii as Biofertilizer in Iron-Deficient Environments to Enhance Plant Nutrition and Crop Production Sustainability

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 5729 - 5729

Published: May 24, 2024

The European “Green Deal” policies are shifting toward more sustainable and environmentally conscious agricultural practices, reducing the use of chemical fertilizer pesticides. This implies exploring alternative strategies. One promising to improve plant nutrition reinforce defenses is beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere, such as “Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria fungi”. Despite great abundance iron (Fe) Earth’s crust, its poor solubility calcareous soil makes Fe deficiency a major issue worldwide. Among promoting microorganisms, yeast Debaryomyces hansenii has been very recently incorporated, for ability induce morphological physiological key responses plants, under hydroponic culture conditions. present work takes it step further explores potential D. stimulate growth cucumber plants grown soil, where ferric chlorosis common. Additionally, study examines hansenii’s systemic resistance (ISR) through comparative relative expression by qRT-PCR ethylene (ET) biosynthesis (ACO1), or ET signaling (EIN2 EIN3), salicylic acid (SA) (PAL)-related genes. results mark significant milestone since not only enhances nutrient uptake stimulates flower development but could also amplify induced (ISR). Although there still much ahead, these findings make candidate be used friendly integrated crop management.

Language: Английский

---

Functional Verification of Differentially Expressed Genes Following DENV2 Infection in Aedes aegypti

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 67 - 67

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

The dengue virus (DENV) is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Investigating genes associated with mosquito susceptibility to DENV2 offers a theoretical foundation for targeted interventions regulate or block viral replication and transmission within mosquitoes. Based on the transcriptomic analyses of midgut salivary glands from aegypti infected DENV2, alongside Aag2 cell infections, 24 potentially related regulation infection were selected. By establishing transient transfection overexpression models cells, target gene interference models, difference in load before after treatment was compared, effects DEGs evaluated. After overexpressing 19 showed significant RNA copies supernatant (p < 0.05). In adult mosquitoes, knocking down defensin-A, defensin-A-like, SMCT1 respectively reduced copies, while UGT2B1 ND4 increased copies. this study, assess role replication, cells knockdown established, five genes, SMCT1, UGT2B1, ND4, found have an impact providing reference basis studying complex mechanism mosquito-virus interactions.

Language: Английский

---

Modulation of volatile emissions in olive trees: sustained effect of Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 on induced plant defenses after simulated herbivory

Biology and Fertility of Soils, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(5), P. 593 - 602

Published: May 14, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Native Trichoderma Formulations to Biocontrol Eggs and Adults of Xylotrechus Arvicola

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Microbial Production of Herbicides, Fungicides and Insecticides

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Sesquiterpene Biosynthetic Gene vir4 from Trichoderma virens Enhances Direct Herbivore Resistance while Maintaining Indirect Defense

Published: May 7, 2025

Trichoderma species are widely used as root-colonizing biocontrol agents that enhance plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses while promoting growth. These fungi produce diverse volatile non-volatile metabolites mediate interactions with plants. can influence both direct indirect defenses, including the release of herbivore-induced volatiles (HIPVs) attract natural enemies herbivores. In this study, we examined effects T. virens its vir4 gene (regulating terpenioid synthesis) knockout-mutant on maize (Zea mays), herbivore Helicoverpa armigera, predator Macrolophus pygmaeus. Previous research has shown differentially modulate root expression specialized metabolite concentrations. Here, found caterpillars feeding seedlings colonized by wild-type gained significantly less weight than those knockout mutant or uncolonized plants, suggesting cluster contributes resistance. Although fungal colonization led moderate changes in HIPV composition, total emissions remained unchanged. Y-tube assays, M. pygmaeus preferred caterpillar-infested over healthy but did not affect behavior. Our findings demonstrate enhances defense against herbivores neutralising through a mechanism regulated terpenoid synthesis depending gene. Further is needed elucidate metabolic induced contribute reduced performance.

Language: Английский

---

Guardians of wheat: Unleashing transgenerational immune priming with Trichoderma against spot blotch

South African Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 242 - 254

Published: April 27, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Construction of a beneficial microbes‐enriched rhizosphere system assists plants in phytophagous insect defense: current status, challenges and opportunities

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80(11), P. 5608 - 5618

Published: July 10, 2024

Abstract The construction of a plant rhizosphere system enriched with beneficial microbes (BMs) can efficiently help plants defend against phytophagous insects. However, our comprehensive understanding this approach is still incomplete. In review, we methodically analyzed the progress made over last decade, identifying both challenges and opportunities. main methods for developing BMs‐enriched include inoculating exogenous BMs into plants, amending existing soil microbiomes amendments, utilizing to shape microbiomes. assist in suppressing insects across many orders, including 13 Lepidoptera, seven Homoptera, five Hemiptera, Coleoptera, four Diptera, one Thysanoptera species by inducing systemic resistance, enhancing tolerance, augmenting secondary metabolite production, directly herbivores. Context‐dependent factors such as abiotic biotic conditions, well response insect herbivores, affect outcomes BM‐assisted defense. Several opportunities have emerged, development synthetic microbial communities herbivore control, integration biosensors effectiveness assessment, confirmation BM targets defense, regulation via smart farming artificial intelligence. This study offers valuable insights BM‐enriched within an integrated pest management approach. © 2024 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

---

Trichoderma harzianum Volatile Organic Compounds Regulated by the THCTF1 Transcription Factor Are Involved in Antifungal Activity and Beneficial Plant Responses

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 654 - 654

Published: June 11, 2023

The transcription factor THCTF1 from Trichoderma harzianum, previously linked to the production of 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PP) derivatives and antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, has been related in this study conidiation, an array volatile organic compounds (VOCs) expression methyltransferase genes. VOCs emitted by three T. harzianum strains (wild type T34, transformant ΔD1-38 that is disrupted Thctf1 gene encoding THCTF1, ectopic integration ΔJ3-16) were characterized Proton Transfer Reaction-Quadrupole interface-Time-Of-Flight-Mass Spectrometry (PTR-Qi-TOF-MS). disruption affected numerous such as volatiles 2-pentyl furan benzaldehyde which under-emitted, acetoine, a plant systemic defense inductor, was over-emitted. Biological assays show regulated are involved Botrytis cinerea beneficial effects leading Arabidopsis development. VOC blend disruptant ΔD1-38: (i) inhibited seed germination for at least 26 days (ii) when applied seedlings resulted increased jasmonic acid- salicylic acid-dependent defenses.

Language: Английский

---