Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)
Published: March 25, 2025
Language: Английский
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 121(1)
Published: Dec. 26, 2023
Arid and semi-arid regions of the world are particularly vulnerable to greenhouse gas–driven hydroclimate change. Climate models our primary tool for projecting future that society in these must adapt to, but here, we present a concerning discrepancy between observed model-based historical trends. Over arid/semi-arid world, predominant signal all model simulations is an increase atmospheric water vapor, on average, over last four decades, association with increased vapor–holding capacity warmer atmosphere. In observations, this vapor has not happened, suggesting availability moisture satisfy demand lower reality than regions. This most clear locations year round, it also apparent more humid during arid months year. It indicates major gap understanding modeling capabilities which could have severe implications projections, including fire hazard, moving forward.
Language: Английский
Citations
56
Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6707), P. 427 - 432
Published: July 25, 2024
As the climate warms, consequent moistening of atmosphere increases extreme precipitation. Precipitation variability should also increase, producing larger wet-dry swings, but that is yet to be confirmed observationally. Here we show precipitation has already grown globally (over 75% land area) over past century, as a result accumulated anthropogenic warming. The increased seen across daily intraseasonal timescales, with by 1.2% per 10 years globally, and particularly prominent Europe, Australia, eastern North America. Increased driven mainly thermodynamics linked atmospheric moistening, modulated at decadal timescales circulation changes. Amplified poses new challenges for weather predictions, well resilience adaptation societies ecosystems.
Language: Английский
Citations
43
Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract Drylands, comprising semi‐arid, arid, and hyperarid regions, cover approximately 41% of the Earth's land surface have expanded considerably in recent decades. Even under more optimistic scenarios, such as limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C by 2100, semi‐arid lands may increase up 38%. This study provides an overview state‐of‐the‐art regarding changing aridity arid with a specific focus on its effects accumulation availability carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) plant–soil systems. Additionally, we summarized impacts rising biodiversity, service provisioning, feedback climate change across scales. The expansion ecosystems is linked decline C nutrient stocks, plant community biomass diversity, thereby diminishing capacity for recovery maintaining adequate water‐use efficiency plants microbes. Prolonged drought led −3.3% reduction soil organic (SOC) content (based 148 drought‐manipulation studies), −8.7% decrease litter input, −13.0% absolute decomposition, −5.7% decomposition rate. Moreover, substantial positive loop warming exists, primarily due increased albedo. loss critical ecosystem services, including food production water resources, poses severe challenge inhabitants these regions. Increased reduces SOC, nutrient, content. Aridity intensification exacerbate socio‐economic disparities between economically rich least developed countries, significant opportunities improvement through investments infrastructure technology. By half world's landmass become dryland, characterized conditions marked limited C, N, P scarcity, native species biodiversity. These pose formidable challenges essential impacting human well‐being raising complex regional socio‐political challenges.
Language: Английский
Citations
34
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 35 - 50
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
19
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(11)
Published: March 12, 2025
Anthropogenically forced climate change signals are emerging from the noise of internal variability in observations, and impacts on society growing. For decades, Climate or Earth System Models have been predicting how these will unfold. While challenges remain, given growing trends lengthening observational record, science community is now a position to confront signals, as represented by historical trends, models with observations. This review covers state ability represent system. It also outlines robust procedures that should be used when comparing modeled observed move beyond quantification into understanding. Finally, this discusses cutting-edge methods for identifying sources discrepancies importance future confrontations.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 121(2)
Published: Dec. 29, 2023
Understanding and controlling the interaction of graphene-based materials with cell membranes is key to development graphene-enabled biomedical technologies management graphene health safety issues. Very little known about ...
Language: Английский
Citations
21
Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1079 - 1086
Published: Oct. 11, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 633(8030), P. 594 - 600
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
Climate models indicate that dry extremes will be exacerbated in many regions of the world
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(49)
Published: Nov. 26, 2024
Multiple recent record-shattering weather events raise questions about the adequacy of climate models to effectively predict and prepare for unprecedented impacts on human life, infrastructure, ecosystems. Here, we show that extreme heat in several regions globally is increasing significantly faster magnitude than what state-of-the-art have predicted under present warming even after accounting their regional summer background warming. Across all global land area, underestimate positive trends exceeding 0.5 °C per decade widening upper tail surface temperature distributions by a factor four compared reanalysis data exhibit lower fraction overall. To lesser degree, also observed strong contraction tails some areas, while moderate are well reproduced perspective. Our results highlight need better understand model drivers rapidly mitigate greenhouse gas emissions avoid further harm from unexpected events.
Language: Английский
Citations
6