Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
Growing wildfire smoke represents a substantial threat to air quality and human health. However, the impact of on health remains imprecisely understood due uncertainties in both measurement exposure population dose-response functions linking Here, we compare daily smoke-related surface fine particulate matter (PM
Language: Английский
ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 122 - 129
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
With the increase in acres burned from wildfire over last few decades, smoke is an increasing global public health threat. To date, research, risk communication, and action has focused on short-term (or daily) exposures. However, patterns of exposure are transitioning to include longer duration repeated exposures occurring within across years. Epidemiologic experimental studies represent important lines evidence that have informed communication actions for exposures; however, they yet provide science needed refine approaches other dynamic durations such as repeated, episodic, or cumulative. This commentary provides overview methodological used recent findings epidemiologic examined duration, Based current science, we recommend future examine multiple metrics capture frequency, intensity Such would improve produced best support needs strive further protect a world projected more smoke.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
GeoHealth, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(4)
Published: March 28, 2024
Abstract Wildfire smoke fine particles (PM 2.5 ) are a growing public health threat as wildfire events become more common and intense under climate change, especially in the Western United States. Studies assessing association between PM exposure typically summarize effects over study area. However, responses to may vary spatially. We evaluated spatially‐varying respiratory acute care utilization risks associated with short‐term explored community characteristics possibly driving spatial heterogeneity. Using ensemble‐modeled daily , we defined day have wildfire‐specific concentration ≥15 μg/m 3 . included emergency department visits unplanned hospitalizations 1,396 California ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) 15 census‐derived characteristics. Employing case‐crossover design conditional logistic regression, observed increased odds of on days at state level (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.07). Across air basins, ORs ranged from 0.88 1.57, highest effect estimate San Diego. A within‐community matching Bayesian hierarchical model also revealed heterogeneity ZCTA‐level rate differences. For example, communities higher percentage Black or Pacific Islander residents had stronger ‐outcome relationships, while conditioning tree canopy attenuated associations. found an important smoke‐related impacts across counties, ZCTAs, identified vulnerable communities, providing evidence guide policy development resource allocation.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(40)
Published: Sept. 24, 2024
Despite the substantial evidence on health effects of short-term exposure to ambient fine particles (PM 2.5 ), including increasing studies focusing those from wildland fire smoke, impacts long-term smoke PM remain unclear. We investigated association between and nonaccidental mortality a wide range specific causes in all 3,108 counties contiguous United States, 2007 2020. Controlling for nonsmoke , air temperature, unmeasured spatial temporal confounders, we found nonlinear 12-mo moving average concentration monthly rate. Relative month with below 0.1 μg/m 3 increased by 0.16 0.63 2.11 deaths per 100,000 people when was 5 5+ respectively. Cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease, digestive, endocrine, diabetes, mental, chronic kidney disease were be associated exposure. Smoke contributed approximately 11,415 deaths/y (95% CI: 6,754, 16,075) States. Higher -related increases rates aged 65 above. Positive interaction extreme heat also observed. Our study identified detrimental outcomes, underscoring need public actions communications that span risks both short-
Language: Английский
Citations
9
JAMA Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 82(1), P. 40 - 40
Published: Nov. 25, 2024
Importance Long-term exposure to total fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a recognized dementia risk factor, but less known about wildfire-generated PM , an increasingly common source. Objective To assess the association between long-term wildfire and nonwildfire of incident dementia. Design, Setting, Participants This open cohort study was conducted using January 2008 December 2019 electronic health record (EHR) data among members Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC), which serves 4.7 million people across 10 counties. KPSC aged 60 years or older were eligible for inclusion. Members excluded if they did not meet eligibility criteria, had diagnosis before entry, EHR lacked address information. Data analysis from May 2023 2024. Exposures Three-year rolling mean in member census tracts 2006 2019, updated quarterly estimated via monitoring remote-sensing statistical techniques. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome dementia, identified diagnostic codes EHR. Odds diagnoses associated with 3-year discrete-time approach pooled logistic regression. Models adjusted age, sex, race ethnicity (considered as social construct rather than biological determinant), marital status, smoking calendar year, tract–level poverty population density. Stratified models assessed effect measure modification by ethnicity, poverty. Results Among 1.64 during period, 1 223 107 inclusion this study. consisted 644 766 female (53.0%). In total, 319 521 Hispanic (26.0%), 601 334 non-Hispanic White (49.0%), 80 993 received follow-up (6.6%). models, 1-μg/m 3 increase 18% odds (odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03-1.34). comparison, 1% (OR, 1.01; 1.01-1.02). For exposure, associations stronger 75 old upon racially minoritized subgroups, those living high-poverty vs low-poverty tracts. Conclusions Relevance study, after adjusting measured confounders, over period diagnoses. As climate changes, interventions focused on reducing may reduce related inequities.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 1, 2023
Despite the substantial evidence on health effects of short-term exposure to ambient fine particles (PM
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Abstract Wildfires are having disproportionate impacts on U.S. households. Notably, in California, over half of wildfire-destroyed homes (54%) low-income areas. We investigate the relationship between social vulnerability and wildfire community preparedness using building permits from 16 counties California with 2.9 million buildings (2013–2021) government’s designation disadvantaged communities (DACs), which classifies a census tract as DAC if it meets threshold for certain burdens, such climate, environmental, socio-economic. Homes located DACs 29% more likely to be destroyed by wildfires within 30 years, partly driven gap roof renewals, one several important home hardening actions. have 28% fewer renewals than non-DACs post-wildfire, non-DAC twice increase (+17%) compared (+7%). Our research offers policy insights narrowing this equity wildfire-prone recommend increasing financial support targeted awareness campaigns existing programs not sufficiently emphasized strategies, particularly DACs.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Wildland fire (i.e., prescribed and wildfire) smoke exposure is an emerging public health threat, in part due to climate change. Previous research has demonstrated disparities ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, with Black people, among others, exposed higher concentrations; yet, it remains unclear how wildland may contribute additional disproportionate exposure. Here, we investigate the PM2.5 burden contributed by contiguous United States race ethnicity, urbanicity, median household income, language spoken at home, using modeled total, non-fire, concentrations from 2007 2018. fires 7% 14% of total population weighted annually, while non-fire declined 24% over study period. greater for American Indian or Alaska Native people those who live nonurban areas. Disproportionate mean (9.1 μg/m3, compared 8.7 μg/m3 overall) were estimated be further exacerbated (1.0 0.9 overall). These results can inform equitable strategies agencies air quality managers reduce States.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 12, 2025
This study investigates the impacts of wildfires on nanoparticle characteristics and exposure disparities in Toronto, integrating data from a large-scale mobile monitoring campaign fixed-site measurements during unprecedented 2023 wildfire season. Our results reveal changes particle days, with number concentrations decreasing by 60% diameter increasing 30% compared to nonwildfire days. Moreover, median lung deposited surface area (LDSA) levels rose 31% events. We employed gradient boosting models estimate near-road LDSA both The ratio (wildfire/nonwildfire) exceeded 2.0 certain areas along highways downtown Toronto. Furthermore, our findings show that marginalized communities faced greater increases than less ones. Under conditions, difference between most least groups was 16% for recent immigrants visible minorities 7% seniors children, statistically significant. delivers critical insights into spatiotemporal variations periods, demonstrating substantial health risks posed increased inequitable distribution these among Toronto's diverse population.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Axioms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 324 - 324
Published: April 23, 2025
This paper presents an adaptive Kalman filter (AKF)-enhanced iterative learning control (ILC) scheme to improve trajectory tracking in non-repetitive time-varying systems (NTVSs), particularly industrial applications. Unlike traditional ILC methods that assume fixed system dynamics, gradual parameter variations NTVSs require approaches address factors such as tool wear and sensor drift, which significantly affect accuracy. By integrating AKF, the proposed method continuously estimates parameters uncertainties real time, thus improving robustness adaptability of tracking. Theoretical analysis is conducted confirm robust convergence stability AKF-enhanced under uncertain conditions. Experimental results demonstrate approach outperforms conventional methods, ensuring precise reliable performance dynamic scenarios.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Environmental Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. e388 - e388
Published: April 28, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0