We
develop
new
theory
from
a
broad
case-study
approach
to
explore
better
understanding
of
what
constitutes
knowledge
and
its
value
as
identifiable
human-machine
teams.
From
past
research,
this
trail
exploration
will
lead
these
initial
questions:
What
is
the
debate
in
furtherance
knowledge?
Will
machines
with
AI
be
able
contribute
if
we
humans
cannot
define
it
or
determine
sufficiently
for
machine’s
understanding,
contribution,
identification?
Like
humans,
teammates,
must
usable
that
contributes
team’s
success
field
(e.g.,
testing
"knowledge"
field,
identifying
knowledge,
using
innovation)
failure
(viz.,
trouble
shooting;
weaknesses;
discovering
vulnerabilities,
hiding
by
deception).
It
matters
not
whether
public,
private
unexpressed
an
individual
human
machine
agent
alone;
speculate
process
advances
science
autonomous
teams
assists
interpretable
learning.
conclude
questions
speculation:
How
does
become
aware
express
awareness
Can
expressive
teammates?
And
how
teammate
teammates
possess
sufficient
perform
task?
structure
“knowledge,"
once
found,
resistant
alternatives
(i.e.,
ordered);
functional
utility
generalizable;
applications
are
multifaceted
(akin
maximum
entropy
production).
The
complexity
team
taken
into
consideration
our
search
which
can
also
used
information
metric.
Journal of The Royal Society Interface,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
21(211)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Molecular
assembly
indices,
which
measure
the
number
of
unique
sequential
steps
theoretically
required
to
construct
a
three-dimensional
molecule
from
its
constituent
atomic
bonds,
have
been
proposed
as
potential
biosignatures.
A
central
hypothesis
theory
is
that
any
with
an
index
≥15
found
in
significant
local
concentrations
represents
unambiguous
sign
life.
We
show
abiotic
molecule-like
heteropolyanions,
assemble
aqueous
solution
precursors
some
mineral
crystals,
range
molecular
indices
2
for
H
Journal of Molecular Evolution,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
92(2), P. 87 - 92
Published: March 7, 2024
A
recent
publication
in
Nature
has
generated
much
heated
discussion
about
evolution,
its
tendency
towards
increasing
diversity
and
complexity,
potential
status
above
beyond
the
known
laws
of
fundamental
physics.
The
argument
at
heart
this
controversy
concerns
assembly
theory,
a
method
to
detect
quantify
influence
higher-level
emergent
causal
constraints
computational
worlds
made
basic
objects
their
combinations.
In
short
essay,
I
briefly
review
principles
applications.
then
go
on
critically
examine
authors'
assertions,
concluding
that
theory
merit
but
is
not
nearly
as
novel
or
revolutionary
claimed.
It
certainly
does
provide
any
new
explanation
biological
evolution
natural
selection,
grounding
biology
regard,
presentation
paper
starkly
distorted
by
hype,
which
may
explain
some
outrage
it
created.
Ukrainian Botanical Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
81(2), P. 87 - 99
Published: April 24, 2024
Detailed
evaluation
is
provided
for
the
statistical
methods
intrinsic
to
interlocking
Sequential
Bayes
analysis,
which
allows
estimation
of
evidential
support
stem-taxon
dendrograms
charting
macroevolution
taxa.
It
involves
complexity
functions,
such
as
fractal
evolution,
generate
well-supported
evolutionary
trees.
Required
are
data
on
trait
changes
from
ancestral
species
descendant
species,
facilitated
by
reduction
large
genera
smallest
included
monophyletic
groups
(one
inferred
each).
The
genus
here
defined
unit,
turns
out
be
monothetic
at
least
direct
species.
key
fact
that
most-recently
acquired
traits
single
apparently
selectively
inviolate
and
passed
without
change
each
immediate
details
sequential
Bayesian
analysis
were
clarified
comparing
optimal
model
with
summed
alternative
models.
Because
confined
arrangements
only
branches
conjugate
priors
found
operate
all
models
simply
one
minus
probability
model.
Such
demonstrated
optimum
arrangement
ancestor
leads
high
values
fitting
theory,
comparable
levels
reported
molecular
trees,
may
assumed
similar
model-building.
method
simple,
free
special
computer
well-suited
standard
taxonomic
practice.
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(5), P. 949 - 952
Published: May 8, 2024
ADVERTISEMENT
RETURN
TO
ARTICLES
ASAPPREVFirst
ReactionsNEXTMeasuring
Molecular
ComplexityLeroy
Cronin
and
his
team
showcase
experiments
to
measure
molecular
complexity
using
spectroscopic
techniques,
applicable
in
drug
discovery,
characterizing
molecule
evolution,
life
detection.Louie
SlocombeLouie
SlocombeBeyond
Center
for
Fundamental
Concepts
Science,
Arizona
State
University,
Tempe,
85287-0506,
United
StatesMore
by
Louie
Slocombe
Sara
Imari
WalkerSara
WalkerSchool
of
Earth
Space
Exploration,
85287-1004,
StatesSchool
StatesSanta
Fe
Institute,
Santa
Fe,
New
Mexico
87501,
StatesEmail:
[email
protected]More
WalkerCite
this:
ACS
Cent.
Sci.
2024,
XXXX,
XXX,
XXX-XXXPublication
Date
(Web):May
8,
2024Publication
History
Published
online8
May
2024https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.4c00697Published
2024
American
Chemical
Society.
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(1
MB)
Get
e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Algorithms,Hydrogen,Infrared
light,Molecules,Nuclear
magnetic
resonance
spectroscopy
e-Alerts
Accounts of Chemical Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
ConspectusA
holistic
description
of
biopolymers
and
their
evolutionary
origins
will
contribute
to
our
understanding
biochemistry,
biology,
the
life,
signatures
life
outside
planet.
While
biopolymer
sequences
evolve
through
known
Darwinian
processes,
backbones
polypeptides,
polynucleotides,
polyglycans
are
less
certain.
We
frame
this
topic
two
questions:
(i)
Do
characteristics
indicate
origins?
(ii)
Are
there
reasonable
mechanistic
models
such
pre-Darwinian
processes?
To
address
these
questions,
we
have
established
criteria
distinguish
chemical
species
produced
by
mechanisms
from
those
formed
nonevolutionary
physical,
chemical,
or
geological
processes.
compile
evaluate
properties
shared
all
rather
than
isolating
a
single
type.
Polypeptide,
polynucleotide,
polyglycan
kinetically
trapped
thermodynamically
unstable
in
aqueous
media.
Each
forms
variety
elaborate
assemblies
with
diverse
functions,
phenomenon
call
polyfunction.
backbone
changes
structure
function
upon
subtle
as
reduction
ribose
change
linkage
site
stereochemistry
polymerized
glucose,
function-switching.
Biopolymers
display
homo-
heterocomplementarity,
enabling
atomic-level
control
function.
Biopolymer
access
recalcitrant
states,
where
assembly
modulates
kinetics
thermodynamics
hydrolysis.
emergent;
biological
building
blocks
significantly
polymerization.
In
cells,
compose
mutualistic
networks;
cell
is
an
Amazon
Jungle
molecules.
conclude
that
exhibit
hallmarks
evolution.
Neither
nor
processes
can
produce
molecules
consistent
observations.
faced
paradox
evolution
relies
on
evolved
but
cannot
alter
backbones.
This
constraint
underlined
observation
across
tree
ribosomes
everywhere
always
been
composed
RNA
protein.
Our
data
suggest
Hadean
Earth
underwent
non-Darwinian
coevolution
driven
part
hydrolytic
stress,
ultimately
leading
argue
highly
facilitated
seamless
transition
model
challenges
convention,
products
direct
prebiotic
synthesis.
conventional
models,
retain
vestiges
chemistry.
findings,
however,
align
iterative
recursive
sculpting,
selection,
exaptation.
supports
Orgel's
"gloomy"
prediction
modern
biochemistry
has
discarded
But
hope.
believe
progress
during
challenging
exciting
integration
sciences
theory.
These
efforts
provide
new
perspectives
deepen
sciences.
working
definition
continuous
exploration
spaces
avoidance
equilibrium.
alignment
model,
observe
complex
mixtures
undergoing
wet-dry
cycling,
which
does
appear
undergo
while
avoiding
We
propose
a
novel
definition
of
life
in
terms
which
its
emergence
the
universe
is
expected,
and
ever-creative
open-ended
evolution
entailed
by
no
law.
Living
organisms
are
Kantian
Wholes
that
achieve
Catalytic
Closure,
Constraint
Spatial
Closure.
here
unite
for
first
time
two
established
mathematical
theories,
namely
Collectively
Autocatalytic
Sets
Theory
Adjacent
Possible.
The
former
establishes
first-order
phase
transition
to
molecular
reproduction
expected
chemical
where
diversity
complexity
molecules
increases;
latter
posits
that,
under
loose
hypotheses,
if
system
starts
with
small
number
beginning
molecules,
each
can
combine
copies
itself
or
other
make
new
over
kinds
increases
slowly
but
then
explodes
upward
hyperbolically.
Together
these
theories
imply
as
evolving
universe.
familiar
distinction
between
software
hardware
loses
meaning
living
cells.
ways
study
phylogeny
metabolisms,
astronomical
search
on
exoplanets,
experiments
seek
most
rudimentary
life,
hint
coherent
testable
pathway
prokaryotes
template
replication
coding.
Evolution Medicine and Public Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 172 - 177
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Tumorigenesis
is
commonly
attributed
to
Darwinian
processes
involving
natural
selection
among
cells
and
groups
of
cells.
However,
progressing
tumors
are
those
that
also
achieve
an
appropriate
group
phenotypic
composition
(GPC).
Yet,
the
selective
acting
on
tumor
GPCs
distinct
from
associated
with
classical
evolution
(i.e.
based
differential
reproductive
success)
as
not
genuine
evolutionary
individuals
do
exhibit
heritable
variation
in
fitness.
This
complex
scenario
analogous
recently
proposed
concept
‘selection
for
function’
invoked
both
living
non-living
systems.
Therefore,
we
argue
it
inaccurate
assert
alone
account
all
aspects
characterizing
tumorigenesis
cancer
progression;
rather,
by
producing
genetic
diversity
required
creating
novel
GPCs,
these
fuel
success
dependent
function
at
level.