A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories DOI Creative Commons
Polina Brangel,

Sina Türeli,

Barbara Mühlemann

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1936 - 1936

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use animal or human sera, different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out controlled analysis using first International Standard for antibodies to variants concern (source: NIBSC). Live isolates BioHub individual labs) spike plasmids (individual pseudovirus production were used perform assays same serum panels. When comparing fold drops, excellent data consistency was observed labs common reagents, including between live (RMSD from mean drop 0.59). Utilising Bayesian model, geometric titres titre magnitudes (offsets) can describe efficiently. Titre seen vary largely even within group. We have that overall, Microneutralisation tend lowest titres, whereas Pseudovirus Neutralisation highest (with difference 3.2 log2 units two). These findings are relevant laboratory networks, such as Coronavirus Laboratory Network (CoViNet), seek support evolution antigenic characterisation monitoring population immunity vaccine composition policy.

Language: Английский

Antigenic cartography using variant-specific hamster sera reveals substantial antigenic variation among Omicron subvariants DOI Creative Commons
Barbara Mühlemann, Jakob Trimpert, Felix Walper

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(32)

Published: July 30, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed substantial antigenic variability. As the majority of population now pre-existing immunity due to infection or vaccination, use experimentally generated animal immune sera can be valuable for measuring differences between virus variants. Here, we immunized Syrian hamsters by two successive infections with one nine SARS-CoV-2 Their were titrated against 16 variants, and resulting titers visualized using cartography. The map shows a condensed cluster containing all pre-Omicron variants (D614G, Alpha, Delta, Beta, Mu, an engineered B.1+E484K variant) considerably more diversity among selected panel Omicron subvariants (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, BA.5 descendants BF.7 BQ.1.18, BA.2.75 descendant BN.1.3.1, BA.2-derived recombinants XBB.2 EG.5.1, BA.2.86 JN.1). Some as antigenically distinct from each other wildtype is BA.1 variant. Compared measured in human sera, hamster are higher magnitude, show less fold change, result compact topology. results highlight potential continued characterization SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Neutralization of omicron subvariants and antigenic cartography following multiple COVID 19 vaccinations and repeated omicron non JN.1 or JN.1 infections DOI Creative Commons
Nungruthai Suntronwong, Sitthichai Kanokudom,

Thaneeya Duangchinda

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Covid-19 Vaccine (Nvx-Cov2373 and Nvx-Cov2540) Doses and Virus Strain Match Impact Sex- and Age-Specific Immunity and Protection in Mice DOI
Sabal Chaulagain,

Jaiprasath Sachithanandham,

Jennifer Liu

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Longitudinal humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike following infection in individuals from Cameroon DOI
Mehdi Benlarbi,

Dell-Dylan Kenfack,

Katrina Dionne

et al.

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 605, P. 110467 - 110467

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Antigenic cartography using hamster sera identifies SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 evasion seen in human XBB.1.5 booster sera DOI Open Access
Wei Wang, Gitanjali Bhushan,

Stephanie Paz

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 6, 2024

Abstract Antigenic assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants inform decisions to update COVID-19 vaccines. Primary infection sera are often used for assessments, but such rare due population immunity from infections and vaccinations. Here, we show that neutralization titers breadth matched human hamster pre-Omicron variant primary correlate well generate similar antigenic maps. The map shows modest drift among XBB sub-lineage variants, with JN.1 BA.4/BA.5 within the cluster, five six-fold differences between these XBB.1.5. Compared following only ancestral or bivalent vaccinations, post-vaccination infections, XBB.1.5 booster had broadest against although a five-fold titer difference was still observed variants. These findings suggest antibody coverage antigenically divergent could be improved vaccine antigen.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
A quadri-fluorescence SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus system for efficient antigenic characterization of multiple circulating variants DOI Creative Commons
Jijing Chen, Zehong Huang, Jin Xiao

et al.

Cell Reports Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(9), P. 100856 - 100856

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Human and hamster sera correlate well in identifying antigenic drift among SARS-CoV-2 variants, including JN.1 DOI
Wei Wang, Gitanjali Bhushan,

Stephanie Paz

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

ABSTRACT Antigenic assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants inform decisions to update COVID-19 vaccines. Primary infection sera are often used for assessments, but such rare due population immunity from infections and vaccinations. Here, we show that neutralization titers breadth matched human hamster pre-Omicron variant primary correlate well generate similar antigenic maps. The map shows modest drift among XBB sub-lineage variants, with JN.1 BA.4/BA.5 within the cluster, fivefold sixfold differences between these XBB.1.5. Compared following only ancestral or bivalent vaccinations, post-vaccination infections, XBB.1.5 booster had broadest against although a titer difference was still observed variants. These findings suggest antibody coverage antigenically divergent could be improved vaccine antigen. IMPORTANCE Updates antigens depend on assessing how much differ newer Human single ideal discriminating now high immunity. It remains unclear whether experimentally infected animals substitute assessments. This report variant-matched recognize similarly, indicating can proxy We further an broadly neutralized were lower more recent variant. support updating current composition developing framework in future using sera.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity across Assays and in Human and Animal Model Sera DOI Creative Commons
Barbara Mühlemann, Samuel Wilks, Lauren Baracco

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Abstract The antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires ongoing monitoring to judge the immune escape newly arising variants. A surveillance system necessitates an understanding differences in neutralization titers measured different assays and using human animal sera. We compared 18 datasets generated human, hamster, mouse sera, six assays. Titer magnitude was lowest intermediate highest Fold change, immunodominance patterns maps were similar among Most yielded results, except for fold change cytopathic effect Not enough data available conclusively judging but hamster sera a consistent surrogate first-infection

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Antigenic Imprinting Dominates Humoral Responses to New Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hamster Model of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons

Joran Degryse,

Elke Maas, Ria Lassaunière

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2591 - 2591

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping immunity challenges the efficacy current vaccines. Here, we investigated humoral recall responses and vaccine-mediated protection in Syrian hamsters immunized with third-generation Comirnaty® Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, followed by infection either antigenically closely (EG.5.1) or distantly related (JN.1) subvariants. Vaccination YF17D vector encoding a modified Gamma spike (YF-S0*) served as control for restricted to pre-Omicron variants. Our results show that both XBB.1.5 YF-S0* induce robust, however, poorly cross-reactive, neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses. In case, total nAb levels increased following infection. Intriguingly, specificity these boosted nAbs did not match respective challenge virus, but was skewed towards primary antigen used immunization, suggesting marked impact antigenic imprinting, confirmed cartography. Furthermore, limited cross-reactivity rapid decline induced EG.5.1 and, more concerning, JN.1, raises doubts about sustained vaccine against recent circulating conclusion, demonstrate imprinting plays dominant role shaping emerging Future design may have address two major issues: (i) overcoming original sin limits breadth protective response variants, (ii) achieving lasts at least one season.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories DOI Creative Commons
Polina Brangel,

Sina Türeli,

Barbara Mühlemann

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1936 - 1936

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use animal or human sera, different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out controlled analysis using first International Standard for antibodies to variants concern (source: NIBSC). Live isolates BioHub individual labs) spike plasmids (individual pseudovirus production were used perform assays same serum panels. When comparing fold drops, excellent data consistency was observed labs common reagents, including between live (RMSD from mean drop 0.59). Utilising Bayesian model, geometric titres titre magnitudes (offsets) can describe efficiently. Titre seen vary largely even within group. We have that overall, Microneutralisation tend lowest titres, whereas Pseudovirus Neutralisation highest (with difference 3.2 log2 units two). These findings are relevant laboratory networks, such as Coronavirus Laboratory Network (CoViNet), seek support evolution antigenic characterisation monitoring population immunity vaccine composition policy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0