The Influence of Wildfire Smoke on Ambient PM_2.5 Chemical Species Concentrations in the Contiguous US

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Wildfires significantly contribute to ambient air pollution, yet our understanding of how wildfire smoke influences specific chemicals and their resulting concentration in remains incomplete. We combine 15 years daily species-specific PM2.5 concentrations from 700 pollution monitors with satellite-derived PM2.5, use a panel regression estimate smoke's contribution the 27 different chemical species PM2.5. Wildfire drives detectable increases 25 out largest observed for organic carbon, elemental potassium. find that originating wildfires burned structures had higher copper, lead, zinc, nickel relative fires did not burn structures. is responsible an increasing share multiple species, some which are particularly harmful health. Using risk assessment approach, we wildfire-induced enhancement carcinogenic could cause population cancer risk, but these very small other environmental risks. demonstrate combining ground-monitored data can be used measure influence on exposures at large scales.

Language: Английский

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Particulate Matter-Induced Emerging Health Effects Associated with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1256 - 1256

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Environmental pollution continues to increase with industrial development and has become a threat human health. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was designated as Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2013 is an emerging global environmental risk factor that major cause of death related cardiovascular respiratory diseases. PM complex composed highly reactive organic matter, chemicals, metal components, which mainly excessive production oxygen species (ROS) can lead DNA cell damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory responses, atherosclerosis, airway remodeling, contributing increased susceptibility exacerbation various diseases infections. effects health depending particle size, physical chemical characteristics, source, exposure period. smaller than 5 μm penetrate accumulate alveoli circulatory system, causing harmful skin, brain. In this review, we describe relationship mechanism ROS-mediated oxidative responses caused organs, well comprehensively discuss harmfulness PM.

Language: Английский

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Network-Based Identification of Key Toxic Compounds in Airborne Chemical Exposome

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Air pollution is a leading contributor to the global disease burden. However, complex nature of chemicals which humans are exposed through inhalation has obscured identification key compounds responsible for diseases. Here, we develop network topology-based framework identify toxic in airborne chemical exposome. Using cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as model disease, found that modules various closely linked CVDs. The proximity compound target can indicate extent toxicity induced by compounds. By integrating mass spectrometry-based external exposure concentrations and machine learning-predicted internal concentrations, established comprehensive linkage connecting disease-related risk These findings were subsequently validated using data on regional scale. This work provides an effective strategy identifying within environmental exposomes establishes new paradigm understanding pathogenicity air pollution.

Language: Английский

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Air Pollution-Induced Neurotoxicity: The Relationship Between Air Pollution, Epigenetic Changes, and Neurological Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3402 - 3402

Published: April 5, 2025

Air pollution is a major global health threat, responsible for over 8 million deaths in 2021, including 700,000 fatalities among children under the age of five. It currently second leading risk factor mortality worldwide. Key pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide, have significant adverse effects on human health, contributing to respiratory cardiovascular diseases, well neurodevelopmental neurodegenerative disorders. Among these, poses most threat due its highly complex mixture organic inorganic compounds with diverse sizes, compositions, origins. Additionally, it can penetrate deeply into tissues cross blood-brain barrier, causing neurotoxicity which contributes development diseases. Although link between air neurological disorders documented, precise mechanisms their sequence remain unclear. Beyond oxidative stress, inflammation, excitotoxicity, studies suggest that induces epigenetic changes. These alterations may affect expression genes involved stress responses, neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity. Understanding relationship changes induced by specific pollutants could aid early detection monitoring central nervous system

Language: Английский

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Differential Neurotoxicity Induced in Rats by Injection of PMs from 31 Major Cities in China

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

The effects of particulate matter (PMs) from different cities on the nervous system remain unclear. In this study, aqueous solutions 0.45 μm membrane-filtered PM 31 major Chinese were intravenously administered to rats. Neurotoxicity and mechanisms investigated by quantifying rat behavior, analyzing in vivo biomarkers, examining physicochemical properties. PMs had variable impacts responses, as manifested movement speed right ear, particularly at 1 h 4–6 days postexposure. Physiological linked regulation glucocorticoids via hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis miR-107/miR-124 expression blood. Additionally, toxicity was strongly influenced particle morphology, size, zeta potential, which varied greatly across cities. Using random forest multiple linear regression, we revealed that sizes (458.67 531.17 nm) potentials (−3.78, −17.01, −20.31 mV) most important responsiveness, line with blood biomarkers levels rats such Glucocorticoid, IL-1β, IFN-α. These findings indicate contribute varying neurotoxicity, thus presenting a possible differential burden Alzheimer's disease aging population many regions.

Language: Английский

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Acid sphingomyelinase modulates anxiety-like behavior likely through toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Molecular Brain, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract Recent studies have shown that abnormal activity of acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) has been associated with a range psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and depression. However, the role Asm in regulation anxiety remains unclear. In present study, we employed Asm-knockout (Asm KO) mice to investigate association between using behavioral tests, RNA sequencing, q-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, other methods. The results showed KO exhibit enhanced anxiety-like behaviors, such as restricted activity, reduced cumulative times central area, diminished exploratory interest, delayed latency feed, through tests open field, novelty-suppressed feeding test, elevated plus maze ect. Transcriptional profiling combined bioinformatics analysis revealed upregulation Toll-like receptor signaling pathway related gene Tlr1/2, Ccl3, Ccl4, Ccl5 Cd86 mice, which was further confirmed by detection activated microglia astrocytes iba-1 GFAP staining. Collectively, our findings uncover for regulating behavior suggest it may be essential maintenance emotional stability, indicating its potential promising target treating disorders.

Language: Английский

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Aerosol Toxicokinetics: A Framework for Unraveling Toxicological Dynamics from Air to the Body

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Exposure to atmospheric aerosols threatens human health and is yet be effectively addressed globally. Aerosol toxicity strongly depends upon components whose chemical profiles concentrations can constantly evolve throughout transformation, inhalation, distribution, metabolism, excretion. Despite the abundant studies on aerosol their toxic effects, dynamics in component related biological effects from air body remain unclear. Here, we propose a conceptual toxicokinetic framework mathematically deduce bioavailable concentration changing bulk of constituents atmosphere. The single or multiple are further predicted via toxicodynamic modeling according concentrations. Atmospheric composition turn regulated by risk-based guidelines, aiming alleviate vivo effects. This perspective demonstrates how serial toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic equations bridge knowledge gap between ambient associated bodies. prediction an inhalation also allows connecting with exposomes aggregate exposure pathways. We call for development model validity integrate quantitative adverse outcome pathways apply exposure-disease modeling, providing novel insights into quality policymaking public management.

Language: Английский

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Diurnal Variation of Electrophilic Organic Compounds in Urban PM_2.5 through Nontargeted Analyses: A Focus on Atmospheric Transformation

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Electrophilic compounds belong to a group of critical components fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with significant health risk, but little is known regarding their occurrence and sources in the atmosphere. In this study, we developed nontargeted approach analyze electrophilic urban Beijing identified 147 ones diurnal variation, among which oxygenated aromatic (OACs) are predominant species. The discrepancy hierarchical clustering analysis atmospheric transformation markers, e.g., 9-nitroanthracene (9NANT) citraconic anhydride (CA), PAHs, fluoranthene (FLT), suggested potential secondary formation pathway isomeric ratio acephenanthrylene (ACP) FLT, product-to-precursor 11H-benzo[a]fluorene-11-one (BaFO) further demonstrated prevailing existence oxidation. relationship between night-to-day variation molecular characteristics, particularly negative correlation oxygen-related features such as carbon oxidation state, confirmed that multigenerational processes during daytime predominantly drive diurnal/nocturnal differences. This study achieved systematic identification atmosphere, revealing pivotal role on fate organic chemicals resulted variation.

Language: Английский

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Assessing greenspace and depression risk through deep learning analysis of street-view imagery in a nationwide cohort of US women

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 109429 - 109429

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Assessing neurotoxity of peat thermal degradation products in experimental modeling

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 65(4), P. 265 - 270

Published: May 8, 2025

Introduction. Currently, the problem of wildfires is acquiring a global scale, and in conditions climate change, their further increase predicted. The constant scale long-term annual smoke pollution vast territories dictate need to study mechanisms combustion products toxicity, including assessment neurotoxic effect. aims assess effect acute peat intoxication on indices functional state central nervous system white rats. Materials methods. studies were performed 20 outbred male rats exposed for 4 hours. A day after end exposure, animals examined using open field Morris water maze tests. EEG also assessed. Results. Exposure hours was accompanied by pronounced inhibition motor exploratory activity rats, as evidenced decrease distance traveled area studied arena compared control group. results electroencephalography revealed statistically significant average amplitude left right hemispheres 23% 20%, signal power θ-frequency range 10–11%, α-rhythm β1-rhythm — 22-27%. Conclusion. Our indicate that single 4-hour inhalation exposure from thermal destruction containing main components: CO 24 mg/m3 PM2.5 0.32 causes changes both rats' behavior parameters. In formation neurotoxicity when inhaling peat, leading role belongs solid particles with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5). Even though content air inoculation chambers close maximum permissible level working area, combination other gases fraction, occurrence potentiation toxic likely. Limitations. limited examining behavioral electroencephalographic parameters albino Ethics. carried out compliance principles set European Convention Protection Vertebrate Animals used Experimental Scientific Purposes ETS N123, GOST 33215-2014 approved Ethics Committee East Siberian Institute Medical Ecological Research (Protocol No. 7 dated December 15, 2023).

Language: Английский

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