The evolution of the plastid genomes in the holoparasitic Balanophoraceae

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2043)

Published: March 1, 2025

The independent transition to a heterotrophic lifestyle in plants drove remarkably convergent evolutionary trajectories, characterized by morphological modifications and reductions their plastomes. characteristics of the minimum plastome required for survival, if they exist, remain topic debate. holoparasitic family Balanophoraceae was initially presumed have entirely lost plastids, however, recent reports revealed presence reduced aberrant plastids with odd genomes. Among outstanding features these genomes are highest nucleotide composition bias across tree life only two genetic code changes ever recorded among plants. In this study, we assembled plastomes from five genera, four which had never been studied. Major common include extremely high AT content, lack typical quadripartite structure extensive size reduction due gene elimination genome compaction. exhibits multiple intron losses, broad range scenarios regarding evolution plastid trnE , considered essential because its dual function tetrapyrrole biosynthesis translation within plastid. addition, phylogenetic analyses suggest that genus Scybalium is not monophyletic. An model proposed.

Language: Английский

Genomic variation and evolutionary patterns in organelle genomes between annual and perennial Glycine species

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

The complexity of structural variations and long stretches repetitive DNA make the analysis plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) exceptionally challenging. A thorough investigation mitogenomes is essential for uncovering evolutionary processes organelles optimizing traits related to cellular metabolism. genus Glycine includes groups with both perennial annual life strategies, making it an ideal subject studying during evolution across different strategies. Here, we assembled 20 complete plastid accessions, including species using latest organelle genome assembly tool. Significant differences in tRNA content were observed between two life-history strategy subgenera, while protein-coding genes rRNAs highly conserved. Distinct patterns nuclear DNAs (NUPTs/NUMTs) uncovered among species. Genes residing NUMTs (NUMGs) showed a substantial presence soybeans exhibiting higher proportion fully integrated into genome. Phylogenetic indicated closely trajectory Glycine, providing supplementary evidence relevant history Glycine. This study These findings contribute our understanding complexity, variation intracellular genomic integration.

Language: Английский