Seven Infectious Bronchitis Virus genotypes including South American-origin G1-11 and Asian-origin GVI-1 circulated in southern African poultry from 2010 to 2020
Virus Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 199568 - 199568
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Genomic Alterations of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Strain of the GI-23 Lineage Induced by Passages in Chickens and Quails
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(9), P. 4200 - 4200
Published: April 28, 2025
Infectious
bronchitis
virus
(IBV)
of
the
GI-23
lineage,
which
first
emerged
in
Middle
East
late
1990s,
has
since
spread
worldwide.
The
factors
driving
its
expansion,
whether
human
involvement,
wild
bird
migration,
or
virus's
biological
traits,
are
still
unclear.
This
study
aimed
to
trace
genome
evolution
IBV
chickens
and
adaptability
quails,
susceptible
both
gamma-
deltacoronaviruses.
Thirty
specific-pathogen-free
(SPF)
birds,
aged
between
two
three
weeks,
were
used.
Initially,
birds
inoculated
with
G052/2016
via
oculo-nasal
route.
On
third
day
post-infection
(dpi),
oropharyngeal
swabs
collected
from
whole
group,
pooled,
subsequently
used
infect
next
birds.
process
was
repeated
nine
more
times
during
consecutive
passages
(P-I-P-X),
eventually,
sequencing
performed
using
Next-Generation
Sequencing
(NGS).
obtained
results
showed
that
quails
not
as
RNA
detected
low
amounts
only
passage
(QP-I)
no
further
detections
later
rounds
passaging.
In
chickens,
mild
diarrhea
symptoms
appeared
a
few
individuals.
NGS
analysis
identified
sixty-two
single
nucleotide
variants
(SNVs),
thirty
caused
amino
acid
changes,
twenty-eight
synonymous,
one
SNV
introduced
stop
codon.
Three
SNVs
found
untranslated
regions.
However,
none
these
lasted
beyond
seven
passages,
forty-four
being
unique
SNVs.
Shannon
entropy
values
measured
varied
for
pol1a,
pol1b,
S,
5a,
5b,
N
genes,
overall
complexity
peaking
at
CP-VI
CP-X.
highest
observed
pol1a
(CP-X)
S
genes
(CP-IV,
CP-VI,
CP-VIII,
CP-X).
Along
gene
under
positive
selection,
eight
codons
also
positively
selected.
These
findings
suggest
even
an
adapted
host,
variability
does
stabilize
without
immune
pressure,
indicating
continuous
molecular
changes
within
genome.
Language: Английский
Emergence and Dissemination of the Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Lineages in Poultry Farms in South America
Veterinary Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 435 - 435
Published: May 2, 2025
Infectious
bronchitis
virus
(IBV)
is
a
chicken
pathogen
present
in
commercial
poultry
farms
worldwide.
It
classified
within
the
species
Avian
coronavirus,
genus
Gammacoronavirus.
As
with
other
members
of
family
Coronaviridae,
it
has
single
positive-sense
RNA
genome
27.6
Kb
and
presents
viral
particles
typical
crown-like
aspect
due
to
spike
(S)
transmembrane
glycoprotein.
IBV
remarkable
capacity
for
genetic
recombination
mutation,
resulting
many
genotypes
antigenic
variants
over
evolutionary
time.
Currently,
into
nine
types
(GI
GIX)
41
(1
41)
lineages
disseminated
In
South
America,
was
first
identified
early
production
ventures
Brazil
1950s.
Since
then,
this
been
frequently
detected
American
farms,
being
serotypes
decades
more
recently.
IBVs
Massachusetts
(Mass)
serotype
were
initially
vaccine
strains
used
extensively
on
farms.
Other
serotypes/genotypes
later,
almost
all
them
current
type
I
(GI).
addition,
five
GI
(GI-1,
-11,
-13,
-16,
-23)
have
associated
main
infectious
outbreaks
continent,
some
variations
occurrence
according
countries
period
Molecular
epidemiological
surveillance
necessary
anticipate
potential
outbreaks,
revealing
patterns
evolution
dissemination,
as
well
guide
selection
appropriate
immunization
programs.
Language: Английский