Less
than
half
of
community
pharmacies
in
the
United
States
actively
stock
buprenorphine
products
indicated
for
treatment
opioid
use
disorder.
This
lack
access
to
is
a
significant
barrier
care
persons
with
To
address
this
issue,
protocol
outlines
comprehensive
approach
develop
practice
guideline
aimed
at
improving
safe
and
effective
disorder
pharmacies.
The
development
process
will
proceed
three
phases,
following
technique
closely
aligned
Institute
Medicine's
guidance
on
development.
first
phase
involve
conducting
qualitative
interviews
pharmacists
states
identify
their
beliefs
toward
dispensing.
In
second
phase,
modified
Delphi
panel
be
used
consensus
recommendations,
which
followed
by
public
comment
period
external
expert
review
recommendations
led
National
Association
Boards
Pharmacy.
Finally,
third
national,
mixed
media
dissemination
campaign
Community
Pharmacists
(NCPA)
convey
practicing
pharmacists.
study
team,
composed
licensed
prior
experience
various
healthcare
settings,
theory
planned
behavior
as
theoretical
framework
understand
factors
that
may
influence
pharmacists'
intentions
engage
patient
behavior.
aims
incorporate
perspectives
multiple
stakeholders,
including
pharmacists,
regulatory
bodies,
law
enforcement
agencies,
emphasize
importance
addressing
pharmacy-specific
aspects
addition
clinical
evidence
guidance.
provide
targeted,
multidisciplinary
setting.
Archives of Public Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
82(1)
Published: April 25, 2024
Less
than
half
of
community
pharmacies
in
the
United
States
stock
buprenorphine
products
indicated
for
treatment
opioid
use
disorder.
This
lack
access
to
is
a
significant
barrier
care.
To
address
this
issue,
protocol
outlines
comprehensive
approach
develop
practice
guideline
aimed
at
improving
safe
and
effective
disorder
pharmacies.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
44(1)
Published: Nov. 6, 2024
Abstract
The
global
public
health
addiction
crisis
has
been
stark,
with
over
932,400
deaths
in
the
USA
and
Canada
from
opioid
overdose
since
1999–2020,
surpassing
mortality
rates
at
top
of
HIV/AIDS
epidemic.
Both
nations
exhibit
consumption
significantly
above
norm
for
developed
countries.
Analgesic
type
opioids
present
both
therapeutic
benefits
substantial
risks,
necessitating
balanced
drug
regulation,
careful
prescribing,
dedicated
stewardship.
role
cytochrome
P450
2D6
(CYP2D6)
system
(Enzymatic
functions)
metabolizing
highlights
potential
genotype-guided
analgesia.
By
integrating
Pharmacogenomics
(PGx),
this
approach
aims
to
optimize
pain
management,
enhance
safety,
reduce
risks.
This
understanding
prompted
utilization
multifactor
dimensionality
reduction
(MDR)
explore
a
range
phenotypes
including
PGx
gene–gene
interactions
(GGI)
healthy
cohort,
thereby
personalizing
management
strategies.
study
sampled
100
unrelated
Western
Iranians
individuals
1000
Genome
Project.
Pre-testing
involved
searching
annotations
(variants
associated
drug-gene-diseases)
related
sensitivity
inflammation
using
PharmGKB
database,
which
identified
128
relevant
genes.
A
questionnaire
helped
select
participants
who
had
never
used
potent
but
also
other
psychoactive
agents
(e.g.,
nicotine,
amphetamines,
etc.)
disease-related
drugs.
Whole-exome
sequencing
(WES)
was
then
employed
analyze
these
genes
an
Iranian
cohort.
Further
analyses
included
MDR
identifying
synergistic
gene
GGI
exploring
complex
through
Visualization
Statistical
Epistasis
Networks
(ViSEN).
Pain,
Anti-Inflammatory,
Immunomodulating
(PAIma)
panel
genes,
resulting
55,590
across
21
curated
pathways.
After
filtering,
54
significant
structural
or
regulatory
variants
were
identified.
research
highlighted
novel
relationships
involving
CYP3A5
gene,
hsa-miR-355-5p,
Paliperidone,
CYP2D6
,
warrant
further
investigation.
offers
pharmacogenetic
framework
that
could
potentially
transform
prescribing
practices
mitigate
misuse
personalized
management.
validation
findings
multi
countries
ethnic
groups
guide
clinicians
implementing
DNA-based
aligning
treatment
more
closely
individual
genetic
profiles.
Graphical
abstract
Less
than
half
of
community
pharmacies
in
the
United
States
actively
stock
buprenorphine
products
indicated
for
treatment
opioid
use
disorder.
This
lack
access
to
is
a
significant
barrier
care
persons
with
To
address
this
issue,
protocol
outlines
comprehensive
approach
develop
practice
guideline
aimed
at
improving
safe
and
effective
disorder
pharmacies.
The
development
process
will
proceed
three
phases,
following
technique
closely
aligned
Institute
Medicine's
guidance
on
development.
first
phase
involve
conducting
qualitative
interviews
pharmacists
states
identify
their
beliefs
toward
dispensing.
In
second
phase,
modified
Delphi
panel
be
used
consensus
recommendations,
which
followed
by
public
comment
period
external
expert
review
recommendations
led
National
Association
Boards
Pharmacy.
Finally,
third
national,
mixed
media
dissemination
campaign
Community
Pharmacists
(NCPA)
convey
practicing
pharmacists.
study
team,
composed
licensed
prior
experience
various
healthcare
settings,
theory
planned
behavior
as
theoretical
framework
understand
factors
that
may
influence
pharmacists'
intentions
engage
patient
behavior.
aims
incorporate
perspectives
multiple
stakeholders,
including
pharmacists,
regulatory
bodies,
law
enforcement
agencies,
emphasize
importance
addressing
pharmacy-specific
aspects
addition
clinical
evidence
guidance.
provide
targeted,
multidisciplinary
setting.
