Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 7
Published: Oct. 7, 2024
Phosphogypsum
(PG),
a
by-product
of
phosphate
fertilizer
industry,
is
chemically
impure
gypsum
(CaSO4
·
2
H2O)
containing
residues.
Provided
by
the
calcium
and
phosphorus
content,
PG
can
be
considered
as
precursor
for
synthetic
hydroxyapatite
(s-HAp)
production.
This
study
proposes
two-step
alkali
route
s-HAp
production
from
PG.
Resulting
samples
were
characterized
ICP-OES,
SEM,
XRD
FT-IR
analyses
in
comparison
with
bone
ash
(BA)
sample.
Ca/P
ratio
(wt%)
was
determined
2.46
2.78
BA
samples,
respectively.
SEM
analysis
showed
uniform
distribution
spherical
shaped
particles
samples;
however
irregular
nearly
spherical-like
agglomerated
platelets
on
surface.
indicated
that
possessed
low
crystallinity
ICDD
references
appearance
apatite-CaOH
phases.
spectrum
vibration
bands
PO43−
range
1018–601
cm−1.
According
to
characterization
analyses,
show
lower
ratio,
morphology,
due
possible
impurities.
Thus,
further
downstream
operations
regarding
impurity
removal
should
employed
develop
promising
HAp
employ
CE
approach
industrial
scale
evaluate
commercial
substitute
BA.
Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(9), P. 2067 - 2067
Published: April 28, 2024
Phosphogypsum
(PG),
a
byproduct
during
the
phosphoric
acid
production
process,
also
known
as
wet
contains
complex
and
diverse
impurities,
resulting
in
low
utilization
considerable
accumulation.
This
leads
to
massive
waste
of
land
resources
series
environmental
pollution
problems.
Given
current
urgent
ecological
situation,
developing
impurity
removal
processes
with
energy
consumption
high
efficiency,
exploring
valuable
resource
recovery,
preparing
value-added
PG
products,
broadening
comprehensive
ways
are
significant
strategies
promote
sustainable
development
phosphorus
chemical
industry.
review
comprehensively
summarizes
advantages
disadvantages
existing
technologies
probes
into
future
direction,
which
provides
references
ideas
for
subsequent
research.
Journal of Cleaner Production,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
451, P. 142013 - 142013
Published: March 29, 2024
The
implementation
of
a
sustainable
development
strategy
holds
the
potential
to
enhance
productivity,
profitability,
and
overall
efficiency
by
leveraging
by-products
from
other
industries.
In
plaster
manufacturing
substitution
natural
gypsum
with
synthetic
is
worth
exploring.
Phosphogypsum
(PG)
represents
significant
fraction
production,
arising
as
by-product
phosphoric
acid
manufacturing.
However,
presence
impurities
in
PG,
particularly
phosphorus,
poses
challenges
its
use
material.
To
identify
phases
present
quantify
their
occurrences
understand
effects
on
dehydration
hydration
processes,
our
study
aimed
examine
simplified
models.
These
models
are
specifically
designed
provide
insights
into
underlying
mechanisms
governing
reactivity
hemihydrate.
Pure
brushite
were
synthesized,
mechanical
mixing
was
carried
out
explore
how
affects
characteristics
gypsum.
Additionally,
solid
solution
Ca(SO4)1-x(HPO4)x·2H2O,
where
0
<
x
1,
prepared
characterize
syncrystallized
HPO42−
well
this
impurity
typical
cases.
synthesized
materials
underwent
physical
chemical
characterization
using
SEM,
XRD,
IR
spectroscopy,
DSC,
pH
conductivity
measurements,
ion
chromatography.
results
demonstrated
that
ions
can
substitute
for
sulfate
form
solutions.
maximum
quantity
lattice
approximately
10%,
leading
crystallization
sand
rose
shape
rather
than
needle
crystals.
As
concentration
increases,
new
phase
known
ardealite
(Ca(SO4)1-x(HPO4)x·2H2O)
0.42
0.54
emerges,
followed
(CaHPO4·2H2O).
During
calcination
at
160
°C,
mixture
monetite
formed
exhibits
different
properties
compared
counterpart.
ions,
transformation
anhydrite
III
II
occurred
higher
temperatures
pure
calcined
samples
indicate
products
caused
delay
hydration,
observed
temperature
°C.
At
temperature,
begins
crystallize,
it
characterized
inert
nature,
exhibiting
no
water.
This
explains
decrease
setting
times
rises.
Moreover,
induced
process.
Our
research
revealed
adjusting
mitigate
retarding
effect
associated
impurity,
suggesting
an
industrial
tendency
lowest
possible
during
process
PG
containing
phosphate
impurity.
addition,
we
have
water
lower
values
significantly
accelerate
times.
RSC Advances,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(31), P. 22280 - 22291
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Phosphorus
fluoride
impurities
in
phosphogypsum
are
enriched
specific
mineral
phases.
The
binding
energies
between
minerals
and
phosphorus
ions
during
the
wet
phosphoric
acid
production
process
main
factors.
Minerals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 471 - 471
Published: April 29, 2024
Because
of
its
low
whiteness,
complex
composition,
radioactivity
and
high
impurity
percentage,
the
usage
phosphogypsum
(PG)
resources
is
limited.
A
theoretical
foundation
for
upgrading
bleaching
PG
can
be
obtained
by
researching
presence
status
impurities
in
material
symbiotic
connection
with
gypsum.
This
paper
makes
use
an
automatic
mineral
phase
analyzer,
optical
microscope,
XRF,
XRD
SEM-EDS.
After
analyzing
chemical
makeup
PG,
composition
particle
size
distribution
law
interaction
between
gypsum
various
sizes
were
discovered.
Using
a
flotation
test,
process
mineralogy
analysis
results
confirmed.
According
to
XRF
study
results,
primary
elements
are
Si,
P
F.
Si
more
abundant
that
+850
μm
−37.5
size.
The
concentrations
quartz
82.59%
8.73%,
respectively,
according
mineralogy.
monomer
dissociation
degree
as
90.47%.
Gibbsite
pyrite
causes
whiteness
clearly
related
phase.
coupling
“flotation
+
pickling”
produced
purified
purity
95.35%,
70.76%
SiO2
content
2.73%.
quality
met
first-class
index
standards
GB/T23456-2018.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 5, 2025
Heavy
metal
(HM)
and
naturally
occurring
radioactive
materials
(NORM)
pollution
is
continuously
increasing
due
to
anthropogenic
activities,
it
one
of
the
global
problems
that
pose
a
threat
human
environmental
health.
Phosphogypsum
(PG),
by-product
phosphate
fertilizer
(PF)
production,
an
industrial
solid
waste
produced
in
large
quantities
worldwide,
much
stockpiled.
PG
contains
enhanced
levels
toxic
substances
such
as
HMs
NORMs.
The
first
detailed
study
on
determination
major-minor
oxides,
HMs,
NORMs
contents
PGs
collected
from
stockpiles
at
factories
(PFFs)
Türkiye
was
carried
out
using
energy-dispersive
X-ray
fluorescence
spectrometry
obtain
data
for
reuse
these
wastes
better
characterization
deposit.
oxides
analyzed
samples
were
ranked
SO3
(53.22%)
>
CaO
(36.84%)
SiO2
(2.08%)
P2O5
(1.21%)
Al2O3
(0.13%)
Fe2O3
(0.11%)
according
their
average
contents.
(mg/kg)
listed
follows:
Fe
(744.2)
Ti
(102.1)
Zn
(59.2)
Mn
(28.9)
Ni
(18.4)
Cr
(15.2)
Co
(14.6)
Cu
(13.5)
Zr
(10.8)
Pb
(8.8)
Cd
(8.5)
V
(7.4)
U
(4.9)
Th
(4.2).
results
revealed
except
U,
lower
than
Earth's
crust
averages
maximum
soil
contaminant
recommended
Turkish
Regulation
Control
Soil
Pollution.
Ambiente Construído,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract
Phosphogypsum
(PG),
a
byproduct
of
phosphoric
acid
production,
shows
potential
as
substitute
for
traditional
gypsum
in
cement
formulations.
However,
the
fluorides
and
phosphates
its
composition
can
delay
setting
time
reduce
early
strength
Portland
cement.
The
use
hydration
accelerators
counteract
these
effects,
but
literature
lacks
sufficient
information
on
subject.
This
research
evaluates
influence
alternative
with
phosphogypsum.
Sodium
chloride
(NaOH),
calcium
(CaCl2),
sodium
hydroxide
(NaCl),
silicate
(Na2SiO3)
were
analyzed.
Isothermal
calorimetry
compressive
tests
conducted
pastes.
NaOH
showed
highest
24-hour
cumulative
heat,
suggesting
accelerator.
Na2SiO3
exhibited
lowest
performance
compared
to
reference
sample
(REF).
strengths
reaction
rates
CaCl2
similar
those
REF.
NaCl
displayed
higher
heat
than
REF,
indicating
effectiveness
an
