Investigating underlying molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, emerging therapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 17, 2024

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, a clinically challenging malignancy constitutes significant contributor to cancer-related mortality, characterized by an inherently poor prognosis. This review aims provide comprehensive understanding of pancreatic adenocarcinoma examining its multifaceted etiologies, including genetic mutations and environmental factors. The explains the complex molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis summarizes current therapeutic strategies, surgery, chemotherapy, emerging modalities such as immunotherapy. Critical pathways driving cancer development, KRAS, Notch, Hedgehog, are discussed. Current radiation, discussed, with emphasis on their limitations, particularly in terms postoperative relapse. Promising research areas, liquid biopsies, personalized medicine, gene editing, explored, demonstrating potential for enhancing diagnosis treatment. While immunotherapy presents promising prospects, it faces challenges related immune evasion mechanisms. Emerging directions, encompassing CRISPR/Cas9 genome computational intelligence applications, hold promise refining diagnostic approaches interventions. By integrating insights from genetic, molecular, clinical research, innovative strategies that improve patient outcomes can be developed. Ongoing these fields holds advancing treatment this formidable malignancy.

Language: Английский

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Tumor Microenvironment: Cellular Interaction and Metabolic Adaptations

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3642 - 3642

Published: March 25, 2024

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancerogenesis [...]

Language: Английский

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Integrative Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Identifies a Macrophage-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Therapy Responses in Colorectal Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 811 - 811

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, characterized by a high incidence and mortality rate. Macrophages, as key immune cell type within tumor microenvironment (TME), play role in evasion progression CRC. Therefore, identifying macrophage biomarkers great significance for predicting prognosis CRC patients. This study integrates scRNA-seq bulk RNA-seq data to identify macrophage-related genes By applying comprehensive machine learning framework, prognostic signature (MRPS) was constructed 15 with values. The MRPS demonstrated strong predictive performance across multiple datasets, effectively stratifying high-risk low-risk patients terms overall survival (OS) disease-specific (DSS). Furthermore, analysis revealed significant differences between groups infiltration levels checkpoint gene expression patterns. Drug screening identified several small molecules, including Bortezomib Mitoxantrone, potential therapeutic options Pseudotime trajectory further highlighted comprising differentiation. provides powerful tool personalized prediction patients, offering new insights into macrophage-driven mechanisms strategies.

Language: Английский

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Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Breast Cancer: A Literature Review of Clinical and Experimental Data

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 174 - 174

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global health challenge, highlighting the need for continued research into novel risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and personalized treatments. Among emerging viral infections have been implicated as potential contributors to breast carcinogenesis BC progression. Recent evidence suggests that specific oncogenic strains of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may capacity transform mammary epithelial cells. This review assesses clinical data regarding HCMV presence in both tumor non-tumor tissues, examining role oncoproteins development Current findings indicate higher prevalence infection carcinomas compared associated with an elevated BC. Additionally, HCMV-driven model proposed here activate multiple pathways, fostering cell proliferation, survival, development. A deeper understanding could enhance stratification support creation targeted therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer and treatment strategy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common in women and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite advances screening treatment, outcomes for advanced or recurrent BC remain poor, highlighting need new strategies. Recent research emphasizes tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as key drivers growth, metastasis, resistance to therapy. The presence M2-like TAMs TME promotes immune evasion progression across subtypes. This review summarizes classification, their role BC, emerging therapies targeting TAMs, including depletion, inhibition recruitment, reprogramming from pro-tumoral M2 anti-tumoral M1 phenotypes. Targeting offers promising strategy improve treatment outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Significance of the monocyte CCR2-CCL2 axis in triple-negative breast cancer

Archives of Medical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 103205 - 103205

Published: March 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Deciphering Anticancer Mechanisms of Calycosin in Lung Adenocarcinoma Through Multi-Omics: Targeting SMAD3-Mediated NOTCH Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1455 - 1455

Published: April 26, 2025

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly in advanced stages. This study investigates the anticancer mechanisms calycosin, an isoflavonoid derived from Astragalus membranaceus, LUAD. Using integrative approaches including bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, network pharmacology, molecular docking, we identified SMAD3 as critical biomarker associated with LUAD staging prognosis. Calycosin targets SMAD3, modulating NOTCH signaling pathway monocytes/macrophages to suppress tumor growth, invasion, immune evasion. Enrichment analyses revealed significant involvement components SMAD3-correlated genes, advanced-stage Single-cell sequencing further demonstrated enrichment tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages. Additionally, KMT2A was key transcriptional regulator these cells. These findings highlight potential effects calycosin provide novel insights into targeting tumor-immune microenvironment

Language: Английский

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Tumor microenvironment and immune-related myositis: addressing muscle wasting in cancer immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 2, 2025

Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages the immune system to target neoplastic cells, has undergone significant transformation in recent. However, immunotherapy may have negative effects on skeletal muscle function, causing wasting and functional decline cancer patients. In this study, we review mechanisms by influences muscle, focusing immune-related myositis, inflammation, metabolic alterations within tumor microenvironment (TME). The key methodologies, including biomechanical assessment techniques such as electrical impedance myography ultrasound imaging, are discussed provide valuable insights into process that maintain integrity function patients receiving immunotherapy. Moreover, dual of suppression damage described, revealing significance inflammatory cytokines, checkpoints, disturbances TME. Importantly, propose combination therapies integrating nutritional interventions or anti-inflammatory potential approaches for mitigating wasting. This study highlights need deeper investigations optimize improve its efficacy preserving health, thereby improving patient outcomes quality life.

Language: Английский

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Effects of fluid shear stress duration on the mechanical properties of HeLa cells using atomic force microscopy

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e0321296 - e0321296

Published: May 5, 2025

Cellular mechanical properties play a critical role in physiological and pathological processes, with fluid shear stress being key determinant. Despite its importance, the impact of on characteristics HeLa cells mechanism tumor metastasis remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate effects varying durations cells, thereby elucidating interactions between flow environment cancer during metastasis. We established an vitro cell experimental system analyzed field within parallel plate chamber using computational dynamics software. Atomic force microscopy was used measure at different time points under 10 dyn/cm², value representative conditions. analysis confirmed stability laminar uniformity chamber. The results revealed that increasing exposure duration, exhibited fusiform shape, reduction height significant decrease Young’s modulus. By integrating atomic system, this demonstrates substantial influence cells. provides novel insights into behavior vivo environment. Our findings enhance understanding cellular property regulation offer valuable for biomedicine engineering research.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of lipid metabolism by exercise: exploring its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer endocrinology

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 23, 2025

Cancer progression is tightly linked to metabolic changes, particularly in lipid metabolism, which crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. Exercise, known its health benefits, gaining recognition ability influence cancer-related metabolism. Metabolic shift prioritizes oxidation over glucose hence limiting the energy supply available cells reducing their adaptability. Exercise also enhances mitochondrial function aids immune system, further bolstering anti-cancer effects. Additionally, exercise mitigates symptoms like fatigue, improves insulin sensitivity, counteracts issues such as cachexia. Despite promising insights from studies, challenges persist comprehending molecular mechanisms of exercise’s impact on metabolism cancer. Future research should aim identify optimal regimens cancer patients, explore combined effects treatments, delve into pathways connecting with suppression. With potential could act a supportive therapy alongside conventional enhancing patient outcomes quality life.

Language: Английский

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