Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Updates in Epidemiology, Prevention, and Management DOI
Ernest Adeghate, Sahar Mohsin,

A. Amar

et al.

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 8, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, leading to persistent hyperglycemia. It defined as fasting blood glucose over 7.0 mmol/L, 2-hour plasma post-meal 11.1 or HbA1C values 6.5% (48 mmol/L). DM affects almost 600 million people globally with an annual cost around three trillion US dollars. These data indicate that global health burden warrants attention. Complications include nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy. DM-induced hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial mitochondrial abnormality, subsequently, Hyperglycemia stimulates many signaling pathways including polyol, hexokinase, resulting in the formation vascular lesions, free radicals carbonyl anions, transforming growth factor-β1, fibronectin, nuclear factor kappa-B, which increase fibrosis inflammation myocardium. All these pathological processes lead defective permeability hypoxia cardiac tissue, ischemia, eventually heart failure, sudden death. The onset diabetic cardiomyopathy could be delayed healthy lifestyle (balanced diet, physical activity, sleep, low non-smoking). GLP-1 receptor agonists without SGLT2i are beneficial additions for treatment

Language: Английский

Effects of Lipoproteins on Metabolic Health DOI Open Access
Obaida Albitar,

Crystal D’Souza,

Ernest Adeghate

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 2156 - 2156

Published: July 6, 2024

Lipids are primarily transported in the bloodstream by lipoproteins, which macromolecules of lipids and conjugated proteins also known as apolipoproteins. The processes lipoprotein assembly, secretion, transportation, modification, clearance crucial components maintaining a healthy lipid metabolism. Disruption any these steps results pathophysiological abnormalities such dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, atherosclerosis, peripheral artery disease, cardiovascular diseases. By studying genetic mutations, researchers can gain valuable insights into underlying mechanisms that govern relationship between protein structure its physiological role. These including HDL, LDL, lipoprotein(a), VLDL, mainly serve purpose transporting tissues organs. However, studies have provided evidence apo(a) possesses protective properties against pathogens. In future, field study will be significantly influenced integration recombinant DNA technology human site-specific mutagenesis for treating hereditary disorders. Several medications available treatment dyslipoproteinemia. include statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, niacin, PCSK9 inhibitors, evinacumab, DPP 4 glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists GLP1RAs, GLP-1, GIP dual agonists, addition to SGLT2 inhibitors. This current review article exhibits, first time, comprehensive reflection body publications concerning impact lipoproteins on metabolic well-being across various pathological states.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Interplay of the pathophysiological mechanisms of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, and Inflammation: A growing threat to public health DOI

Sharon Olabisoye Oladipupo,

Emmanuel Henry Ezenabor,

Adebola Busola Ojo

et al.

Obesity Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100613 - 100613

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Therapeutic Effects of Semaglutide on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: An Open-Label Controlled Trial DOI Creative Commons
Ahmed Ibrahim Gad, Nevin F. Ibrahim, Noura Almadani

et al.

Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 186 - 186

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been shown to improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity reduce body weight in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This trial sought evaluate the therapeutic effect of oral subcutaneous semaglutide NAFLD its sequelae obesity and/or T2D. Methods: In an open-labelled intervention study, sample was 180 classified into three parallel groups (1:1:1): group I received semaglutide, II injectable III pioglitazone vitamin E. Patients were evaluated at 6 12 months. Results: There a substantial improvement lipid profile, liver enzymes, mass index, especially II. As for HDL, only showed consistent increase both months (51 ± 4.62 mg/dL) (50.08 2.45 compared baseline (45.6 6.37 (p-value < 0.001). Despite non-significant difference fibrosis score (NFS) = 0.45 0.63), had significantly lower scores fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), stiffness measurement (LSM), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) Conclusions: Semaglutide improves steatosis, parameters reduces BMI T2D NAFLD.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Dawn of an era of effective treatments for MAFLD DOI Creative Commons
Cameron Gofton, George Casella

Portal hypertension & cirrhosis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 24, 2024

Abstract Fatty liver disease is a commonly occurring resulting in hepatic and extrahepatic complications. To date, there have been few available treatments beyond conventional lifestyle modification. While modifications weight loss >10% shown to be beneficial for metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), the majority of patients, this difficult achieve. The recent approval resmetirom (a thyroid hormone receptor beta agonist) by Food Drug Administration following positive results histological outcomes phase 3 trial has opened door new (dysfunction)‐associated fatty (MAFLD) MASH. There are currently number trials targeting variety signaling pathways involved pathogenesis that also promising. This review focuses on MAFLD MASH, ongoing clinical trials, unresolved controversies area.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Updates in Epidemiology, Prevention, and Management DOI
Ernest Adeghate, Sahar Mohsin,

A. Amar

et al.

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 8, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, leading to persistent hyperglycemia. It defined as fasting blood glucose over 7.0 mmol/L, 2-hour plasma post-meal 11.1 or HbA1C values 6.5% (48 mmol/L). DM affects almost 600 million people globally with an annual cost around three trillion US dollars. These data indicate that global health burden warrants attention. Complications include nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy. DM-induced hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial mitochondrial abnormality, subsequently, Hyperglycemia stimulates many signaling pathways including polyol, hexokinase, resulting in the formation vascular lesions, free radicals carbonyl anions, transforming growth factor-β1, fibronectin, nuclear factor kappa-B, which increase fibrosis inflammation myocardium. All these pathological processes lead defective permeability hypoxia cardiac tissue, ischemia, eventually heart failure, sudden death. The onset diabetic cardiomyopathy could be delayed healthy lifestyle (balanced diet, physical activity, sleep, low non-smoking). GLP-1 receptor agonists without SGLT2i are beneficial additions for treatment

Language: Английский

Citations

0